For the first time, using sturgeon sperm as a model system, sensitive to optical radiation, the comparative studies of biological effect of continuous wave, quasi-continuous wave, nano- and ...picosecond laser radiation under conditions with equal average irradiance (3 mW/cm2) and wavelength (532 nm) have been carried out. Analyzing the parameters of spermatozoa motion it has been shown that, depending on the energy dose and mode of laser operation, the radiation may have both stimulatory and inhibitory effect on the velocity of motion and spermatozoa motility duration as well as on sustaining of functional characteristics of cold-stored sperm. The possibility of increasing the fertilization rate due to use of the sperm preliminary treated with laser radiation is demonstrated. For the first time, the possibility of enhancement of biological effect going from continuous wave to quasi-continuous wave laser radiation at equal irradiance and wavelength has experimentally been proven. It is shown that the difference in biological effect of continuous wave, quasi-continuous wave, nano- and picosecond laser radiation is due to amplitude (peak) values of intensity. Using fluorescence analysis and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay, evidence for the participation of endogenous flavins and metal-free porphyrins in sensitized ROS formation (singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals) in sturgeon sperm was obtained. Mechanisms of photochemical and photothermal reactions explaining the difference in efficacy of action of laser radiation in above modes are discussed.
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•Effect of low-intensity CW, quasi-CW and pulsed laser radiation at 532 nm on fish (sturgeon) sperm has been compared.•Laser radiation increases kinetic parameters of spermatozoa motion.•Laser pre-irradiation improves sperm storage.•For the first time, possibility of enhancement of bioeffects upon going to quasi-CW mode of laser operation has been proven.•Mechanisms of bioeffects of lasers operating in different modes are discussed.
The influence of toxic concentrations of copper ions (100 and 500 μM) on the composition of sterols in the vacuolar membrane of beet roots was studied (
Beta vulgaris
L.). As a result of the studies, ...12 compounds were identified in the free sterol (FS) fraction and 11 compounds in the sterol ester (ES) fraction. The ES contained compounds that were not found in the FS. Interestingly, the total content of these biologically active compounds increased at 500 µM Cu
2+
. A decrease in such triterpenes as lanosta-7,9(11)-diene-3β,18,20-triol, 3,18-diacetate, (20R)-(C
34
N
54
O
5
) was observed in FS and ES. In the FS fraction, the content of the compound 7,8-epoxylanostan-11-ol, 3-acetoxy- increased under stress, while its amount decreased in the ES. It has been established that the total content ∆5-sterols, under normal conditions and under stress, amounted to no more than 33% in the fraction of free sterols and 21% in the fraction of sterol esters. The predominant sterol was β-sitosterol. Its content decreased under the stress conditions studied in both sterol fractions. The results obtained show that the fractions of tonoplast sterols (FS and ES) are represented not only by ∆5-sterols, which are mainly studied in works devoted to membranology and lipidology of plants, but also by triterpene compounds and other substances with biological activity. The discovered substances may possibly affect the biophysical parameters of the tonoplast and the metabolic processes of the cell in which the vacuolar membrane is involved. The identified compounds actively responded to the toxic effects of Cu
2+
ions, which can be considered as one of the mechanisms for protecting the plant cell from stress.
Introduction.
The negative dynamics of the reduction in the total number of children and the increase in their incidence in the world and federal space require the solution of problems to preserve ...the health of the child population within the framework of the education system. Education is the only system of public education, where almost the entire child population is covered for a long time. Despite the many studies and aspects of the activities of educational organisations in the field of students’ health preservation, there is no need to talk about the large-scale effectiveness of this activity.
Aim.
The aim of the study is to reveal the conceptual framework of the activities of educational organisations for the protection of students’ health in the context of the theory of quality management, based on the integration of existing experience, its rational organisation and management.
Methodology and research methods
. The methodological basis for the construction of the concept was the process and system approaches. The application of these approaches made it possible to substantiate the proposed 1) targets for the activities of educational organisations in the field of students’ health preservation; 2) structural transformations within the educational organisation; 3) principles and requirements for the management process. The experimental search base of the study involved 14 general educational organisations and organisations of secondary vocational education of the Ural region, the total number of participants – 7,210. The authors used the general scientific methods of generalisation, comparison, synthesis and analysis to carry out an interdisciplinary analytical review of the problem field of the study.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of the concept was carried out according to the authors’ system of criteria, which corresponds to the structure of the components of the quality of health care activities (quality of conditions, quality of processes and quality of results). To confirm the reliability of the results of the study, student’s t-criterion was used; to identify dependencies, the authors applied the method of correlation analysis (according to Pearson).
Results and scientific novelty
. In the course of the study, the authors resolved the contradiction between the needs of society and man in achieving the effectiveness of the activities of educational organisations to preserve the health of students and the possibilities of the education system to ensure the implementation of these needs, since the conceptual provisions of the activities of educational organisations in health care in the context of the theory of quality management have not been developed. At the same time, the issues of organisation and management of this activity have been resolved. The scientific novelty of the study is the developed and tested concept: 1) the target and result of health protection activities is the formation and level of readiness of students to maintain health; 2) the management of the activities of educational organisations in health care is based on the theory of quality management, which requires the implementation of the ideas of the process approach and reflected in the authors’ management principles; 3) the level of organisation of health activities depends on the degree of structuring of its main directions; this requires the creation of a specialised division at the expense of the internal resources of the educational organisation – the health service; 4) the main objects of management are the quality of conditions, the quality of processes and the quality of the results of health care activities, which have become the basis of the system of criteria for its comprehensive assessment; 5) the effectiveness of the implementation of the concept depends on ensuring that the needs of the main actors in health care are constantly taken into account, its continuous improvement with the leading role of management, orientation to the key goal the formation of students’ readiness to maintain health, and the inclusion of all participants of the educational process in health protection.
Practical significance
. The application of the ideas of the concept can become the basis for the innovative development of the activities of educational organisations in the field of students’ health preservation, and can determine the directions for solving fundamental and applied problems of this type of educational activity.
The results of a study of the regenerative capacity of eleven cell lines (CLs) of Siberian larch cultivated in vitro on AI nutrient medium for one to ten years are presented. The CLs differed in the ...productivity and ploidy of embryogenic cultures, the morphogenesis of somatic embryos, and their ability to maturate and germinate. A high regenerative capacity was found in CL6. Embryogenic cultures of this cell line produced large globular embryos and had a high productivity of the embryonal-suspensor mass (ESM) and stable ploidy. Genotyping at nine nuclear microsatellite loci of cloned larch trees showed complete identity of their CL6, from which they were obtained. At the age of seven, generative organs were formed in tree clones. In the subsequent spring–summer period, the process of micro- and macrosporogenesis was completed and pollination and seed development took place.
Introduction
. Traditional approaches to the implementation of physical education (PE) curriculum for students with disabilities in higher educational institutions do not allow students to fully ...develop their psychomotor activities and to keep at full preparedness to be involved in health preservation activities. The lack of scientifically grounded provisions and effective methods of educational process organisation of students’ physical education affects the quality of physical education at the university. The key to the problem solution is the idea of realisation of continuing health preservation education principles in the framework of PE curriculum. This allows educators to organise physical education curriculum content as ranging from rehabilitation and correctional activity to physical fitness, and later by doing sports and training activities.
The aim
of the present publication is to reveal the essence of developing and designing a modular-based physical education curriculum for university students with disabilities.
Methodology and research methods
. The current study is based on the guiding principles in the field of adaptive physical education, which demonstrate the possibility of motor activity development of a person with disabilities, taking into account the biological patterns of functioning of a human body. The application of person-centered and activity-based approaches allowed the authors to consider a student as an actor of educational activity, who is capable of independent development and realisation of personal growth strategy through physical improvement. A differentiated approach to PE educational process construction made it possible to provide reasonable distribution of physical activity in accordance with the student’s functional and psycho-physiological characteristics and own level of fitness. The employment of modular approach to the curriculum building helped develop the PE system, taking into account the principles of continuing health preservation education. In the course of the research the following methods were applied: content analysis of scientific and methodological literature and normative documentation, pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment, the cardiovascular and respiratory systems for a body functional state assessment with the help of “OMAS”1 hardware and software complex and Medicor KTD-2. Also, the authors used the methods of mathematical statistics to process the study results. The received data were processed with Microsoft Office Excel. The evaluation of the validity of differences in the average values of the studied indicators was performed according to Student’s t-test at a significance level of 5%. The growth rates of indicators were calculated according to Brody’s formula.
Results and scientific novelty
. On the basis of a modular approach, the authors developed and presented PE curriculum in higher educational institutions adapted for students with disabilities. The curriculum consists of three modules: indicative, corrective and specialised. The content of each module is revealed through four continuous periods of academic training – evolving, leading, basic and supporting. Such structure allows for gradual increase in the volume and intensity of physical activity through basic testing methods: pedagogical assessment, current check, progress check, intermediate assessment, as well as solution of specific issues of adaptive PE. The implementation of the proposed curriculum helps significantly increase adaptive and resource potential of a student with special needs.
Practical significance
. The proposed model of modular-based PE curriculum in higher educational institutions adapted for students with disabilities can be applied for development and implementation of PE curricula in educational organisations of any educational level.
The structure of deformed semifinished products (forgings) from titanium alloys of Ti–Al–Zr + 0.15% Ru, Ti–Al–V–Mo + 0.15% Ru, and Ti–Al–V–Cr–Fe–Mo + 0.15% Ru systems has been investigated. The basic ...mechanical properties, microstructure, results of local elemental and phase analyses obtained by X-ray spectral microanalysis and backscattered electron diffraction, and also a model of the effect of ruthenium on increasing corrosion resistance of titanium alloys of various classes are presented.
Morphogenesis and maturation of somatic embryos, ploidy, and genotyping of cell lines (CL) of embryogenic cultures of
Larix sibirica
Ledeb. in vitro were investigated during 2–6 years. It was ...revealed that from 2000 to 11103 globular somatic embryos were formed in proliferating CL. However, the ability of somatic embryos to the maturation and germination decreased. Cytogenetic study of embryonal-suspensor masses (ESM) of
Larix sibirica
demonstrated that cells of long-term cultivated cultures remained diploid. According to microsatellite analysis, proliferating CL of Siberian larch were characterized by weak allelic variability, and cell line 6 and cloned seedlings of this line were genetically stable and corresponded to the donor tree. Embryogenic cell lines composed the collection bank, which will be successfully used for plantation forest growing.
Introduction.
Considerably increased intensity of educational process in higher education institution frequently becomes the reason of deterioration in students’ health. The traditional system of ...physical education (PE), designed to maintain good health of students in new conditions, does not cope with an objective defined. Obviously, health preservation of a person is promoted by physical activities, which are adequate to his or her psycho-physiological characteristics and should be worked out individually for each person. The estimations can be carried out in different ways and on the basis of different parameters, among which the authors emphasise heart rate variability and vegetative regulation that act as indicators of adaptation and adaptive activity of an organism.
The aim
of the present research was to identify individual appropriate physical load for students with various motion behaviour types through the use of informational technologies (IT).
Methodology and research methods.
The research was based on health-preserving and differentiated approaches to physical education organisation. Health preservation was the leading principle of the approaches taken into account. The empiric research methods included content analysis, comparative analysis, synthesis and generalisation. The survey sampling and processing of experimental data were carried out by means of the hardware and software complex (HSC).
Results and scientific novelty.
The authors studied and documented the interconnection of students’ heart rate variability, taking into account their age and sex peculiarities, motion behaviour and medical groups. The regulatory systems tension degree differentiation was offered and approved. The criteria to determine a vegetative tonus of students (eutony, vagotony, sympathicotony) were identified on the basis of nonparametric algorithms of automatic classification, recognition of samples and theorem of statistical hypothesis tests. Thus, PE teacher can systematically increase the adaptation potential of students due to inclusion in a training course of corrective and rehabilitation programmes. The efficiency of IT in sport and recreational physical activities was scientifically based. The diagnostics on the basis of HSC, which includes data filtering, determination of parameters of selection of the histogram, graphic display of results of the spectrogram, allows specialists: to estimate the work of cardiovascular system and adaptatively compensation abilities of vegetative regulation mechanisms in a comprehensive, accurate and rapid way; to determine various violations of heart rhythm at donosological level (sick sinus node, atrial fibrillation, etc.); to select options for individual physical and training loads.
Practical significance.
The authors’ scientific and methodological approach to the organisation of sport activities raises the subject of PE in higher educational institutions to a significantly upgraded level: through computer technologies, it becomes the effective instrument of health-preserving activity, which is the promising direction in PE of student’s youth. The research results can be used in practice of educational institutions of various types.
Platelets, thrombo-inflammation and cancer Slukhanchuk, E. V.; Bitsadze, V. O.; Khizroeva, J. Kh ...
Akušerstvo, ginekologiâ i reprodukciâ,
01/2022, Letnik:
15, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
It has long been recognized a crucial role played by platelets in thrombosis and hemostasis. Along with that, laboratory and clinical data suggest that platelets contribute to tumor progression and ...metastasis through a variety of interactions with cancer cells. During oncological process, the platelet function becomes modulated via their activation and increased aggregation being one of the risk factors for developing thrombosis in cancer patients. The platelets per se enhance tumor cell dissemination, activate endothelial cells, and attract immune cells to the primary and metastatic tumor sites. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the complex interactions between platelets and tumor cells, as well as cells of the microenvironment, and discuss the development of new antitumor agents aimed at various arms in platelet functioning.
The work is aimed at solving the problem of creating in laboratory conditions hypersonic high-enthalpy gas flows that parameters are kept constant for 5-10 seconds. For this purpose the test section ...of the MHD channel with water-cooled electrodes and side walls was under investigation at the set up with a magnetohydrodynamic accelerator in TsAGI. A new series of runs was performed in which the MHD-acceleration stage was successively increased to 5 seconds. It was determined that the electrical and gas-dynamic characteristics of the MHD accelerator did not depend on the duration of the run. It was first demonstrated that the use of a magnetic field special shaped along the axis of the channel made it possible to avoid catastrophic damage to the side walls of the channel at the entrance and exit of the MHD accelerator, which increased the service life of the installation.
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