The new coumarine derivate with methyl ester of 2-((
Z
)-1(2,4-dioxochroman-3-ylidene)ethylamino)-3-methylbutanoic acid and the corresponding palladium(II) complex are synthesized and characterized ...by microanalysis, infrared,
1
H and
13
C NMR spectroscopy. The proposed structure of the ligand was confirmed based on the X-ray structural study.
Soil of arable land and meadows from the Ap horizon, taken from ten different localities, were investigated for different forms of Fe, including total (HF), pseudo-total (HNO sub(3)), 0.1 M H Cl ...extractable and DTPA (diethylenetri-aminepentaacetic acid)-extractable. A sequential fractional procedure was employed to separate the Fe into fractions: water soluble and exchangeable Fe (I), Fe specifically adsorbed with carbonates (II), reducibly releasable Fe in oxides (III), Fe bonded with organic matter (IV) and Fe structurally bonded in silicates (residual fraction) (V). The soil pH, c ation exchange capacity, and size fractions (clay and silt) had a strongest influence on the distribution of the different forms of Fe. The different extraction methods showed similar patterns of the Fe content in arable and meadow soils. However, the DTPA iron did not correspond with the total iron, which confirms the widespread incidence of iron-deficiency in vertisols is independent of the total iron in soils. The amount of exchangeable (fraction I) and specifically adsorbed (II) iron showed no dependence on its content in the other fractions, indicating low mobility of iron in vertisols. The strong positive correlation (r = 0.812 and 0.9 56) between the content of iron in HNO sub(3) and HF and its contents in the primary and secondary minerals (fraction - V) indicate a low content of plant accessible iron in the vertisol. The sequential fractional procedure was confirmed as suitable for accessing the content and availability of iron in the vertisols of Serbia.
(centaury) is a traditionally used medicinal plant, with a spectrum of secondary metabolites with confirmed healing properties. Centaury is an emerging model in plant developmental biology due to its ...vigorous regenerative potential and great developmental plasticity when cultured in vitro. Hereby, we review nearly two decades of research on somatic embryogenesis (SE) in centaury. During SE, somatic cells are induced by suitable culture conditions to express their totipotency, acquire embryogenic characteristics, and eventually give rise to somatic embryos. When SE is initiated from centaury root explants, the process occurs spontaneously (on hormone-free medium), directly (without the callusing phase), and the somatic embryos are of unicellular origin. SE from leaf explants has to be induced by plant growth regulators and is indirect (preceded by callusing). Histological observations and culture conditions are compared in these two systems. The changes in antioxidative enzymes were followed during SE from the leaf explants. Special focus is given to the role of arabinogalactan proteins during SE, which were analyzed using a variety of approaches. The newest and preliminary results, including centaury transcriptome, novel potential SE markers, and novel types of arabinogalactan proteins, are discussed as perspectives of centaury research.
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•New coumarine derivatives and palladium(II) complexes were synthesized.•Characterized by microanalysis, infrared, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and DFT methods.•In vitro antitumor ...activity for ligands and complexes is investigated.•In vitro antimicrobial activity for ligands and complexes is investigated.•Molecular docking studies with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).
In the present manuscript, palladium(II) complexes (C1, C2) with newly synthesized coumarine ligands 3-(1-((3-chlorophenyl)amino)ethylidene)-chroman-2,4-dione (L1) and 3-(1-((4-chlorophenyl)amino)ethylidene)-chroman-2,4-dione (L2) were prepared and structurally characterized by spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR) in combination with elemental analysis and theoretical methods (DFT). The structures of all compounds were fully optimized using the B3LYP-D3BJ theoretical method. Cytotoxic activity of investigated compounds was tested against two cells lines (human colorectal carcinoma, HCT-116, and human fibroblast lung MRC-5), while their antimicrobial activity was screened against nine strains of pathogenic bacteria, five mould species and two yeast species. Unfortunately, their cytotoxic and antibacterial activities were weak. Docking studies for all compounds with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were performed. It was found that hydrophobic interactions that include chlorine atom have somewhat lower values of the pairwise interaction energies compared to the purely hydrophobic interactions. In addition, it was found the chlorine atom in the para position contributes to the slightly higher binding free energy and lower values of constant of inhibition.
As novel therapeutic agents relevant to colon cancer therapy are explored continuously, we tested 4 R2edda-type ligand precursors O,O'-dialkyl esters of ...(S,S)-ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-2-(4-methyl)pentanoic acid (L1.2HCl-L4.2HCl) and corresponding palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes against the human colon cancer cell lines CaCo-2, SW480 and HCT116.
The effects of the tested compounds on cell viability were determined using MTT colorimetric technique.
Analysis of cancer cell viability showed that all tested ligand precursors, palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes were cytotoxic on human colon cancer cells in dose-dependent manner. The cytotoxic activity of all palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes toward selected cancer cells was significantly higher in comparison to cisplatin. Among the tested platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes the lowest activity was observed for the compounds with the shortest ester chain and the highest activity was noted for palladium(II) complex No.2 with the n-Pr group in ester chain and for platinum(II) complex No.7 with the n-Bu group in ester chain.
Palladium(II) complex No.2 and platinum(II) complex No.7 seem to be good candidates for future pharmacological evaluation in the field of colon cancer research and treatment.
The thermal properties of some mixed complexes of cobalt(III) containing tetradentate ethylenediamine-
N,
N′-di-3-propionate (eddp) ligand and several amino acids were investigated by ...thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal stability derived from decomposition temperatures was discussed in terms of amino acid present. It was shown that the processes of thermal decomposition of these complexes are multi-step degradation processes. Some of these can be separated into individual steps.
The corresponding kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of these processes were determined, and the possible mechanisms were discussed.
A series of new 3d metal complexes with 5-chloro-quinolin-8-ol (ClQ), Mn(ClQ)2 (1), Fe(ClQ)3 (2), Co(ClQ)2(H2O)2 (3), Ni(ClQ)2(H2O)2 (4), Cu(ClQ)2 (5), Zn(ClQ)2(H2O)2 (6), Mn(ClQ)3·DMF (7) and ...Co(ClQ)3·DMF·(EtOH)0.35 (8) (DMF=N,N-dimethylformamide), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and TG–DTA thermal analysis. X-ray structure analysis of 7 and 8 revealed that these molecular complexes contain three chelate ClQ molecules coordinated to the central atoms in a deformed octahedral geometry and free space between the complex units is filled by solvated DMF and ethanol molecules. Antimicrobial activity of 1–6 was tested by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum microbicidal concentration against 12 strains of bacteria and 5 strains of fungi. The intensity of antimicrobial action varies depending on the group of microorganism and can be sorted: 1>ClQ>6>3/4>2>5. Complexes 1–6 exhibit high cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB, HCT-116 and A549 cancer cell lines. Among them, complex 2 is significantly more cytotoxic against MDA-MB cells than cisplatin at all tested concentrations and is not cytotoxic against control mesenchymal stem cells indicating that this complex seems to be a good candidate for future pharmacological evaluation. Interaction of 1–6 with DNA was investigated using UV–VIS spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis. The binding studies indicate that 1–6 can interact with CT-DNA through intercalation; complex 2 has the highest binding affinity. Moreover, complexes 1–6 inhibit the catalytic activity of topoisomerase I.
M(ClQ)2 (M=Mn (1), Cu (5)), Fe(ClQ)3 (2), M(ClQ)2(H2O)2 (M=Co (3), Ni (4), Zn (6)), Mn(ClQ)3·DMF (7) and Co(ClQ)3·DMF·(EtOH)0.35 (8) (ClQ=5-chloro-quinolin-8-ol) were characterized by IR/UV–VIS spectroscopy, thermal analysis, crystallography (7, 8) and biological testing (1–6, ClQ) (antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, DNA binding, topoisomerase I inhibition). Display omitted
•Eight 3d complexes with 5-chloro-quinolin-8-ol (ClQ) are characterized.•Complexes interact with DNA by intercalative binding mode.•Complexes target topoisomerase I as mildly effective topoisomerase inhibitors.•Fe(ClQ)3 complex is highly active against human breast MDA-MB cancer cell line.•Fe(ClQ)3 complex is not cytotoxic against control mesenchymal stem cells.
The experimental and theoretical investigations of structure of the 3-(1-(phenylamino)ethylidene)-chroman-2,4-dione were performed. X-ray structure analysis and spectroscopic methods (FTIR and ...FT-Raman, 1H and 13C NMR), along with the density functional theory calculations (B3LYP functional with empirical dispersion corrections D3BJ in combination with the 6–311 + G(d,p) basis set), were used in order to characterize the molecular structure and spectroscopic behavior of the investigated coumarin derivative. Molecular docking analysis was carried out to identify the potency of inhibition of the title molecule against human's Ubiquinol-Cytochrome C Reductase Binding Protein (UQCRB) and Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). The inhibition activity was obtained for ten conformations of ligand inside the proteins.
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•X-ray structure analysis and spectroscopic methods are utilized.•The structure and spectroscopic behavior of the 1 were determined by DFT.•The Fukui functions are used to predict the reaction site in a molecule.•Molecular docking analysis evaluated the inhibitory nature of 1.
The coumarin–orthoaminophenol derivative was prepared under mild conditions. Based on crystallographic structure, IR and Raman, 1H and 13C NMR spectra the most applicable theoretical method was ...determined to be B3LYP-D3BJ. The stability and reactivity parameters were calculated, in the framework of NBO, QTAIM and Fukui functions, form the optimized structure. This reactivity was then probed in biological systems. The antimicrobial activity towards four bacteria and three fungi species was examined and activity was proven. In vitro cytotoxic effects, against human epithelial colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 and human healthy lung MRC-5 cell lines, of the investigated substance are also tested. Compound showed significant cytotoxic effects on HCT-116 cells, while on MRC-5 cells showed no cytotoxic effects. The effect of hydroxy group in ortho-position on the overall reactivity of molecule was examined through molecular docking with Glutathione-S-transferases.
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•The cumarine derivative with o-aminophenol was synthesized under mild conditions.•The structure and spectroscopic properties of compound 3 are confirmed by DFT.•The MIC and IZ values of 3 are comparable to the commercially active drugs•Investigated substance revealed surprising effect on cancer cells HCT-116.•Possible interactions between 3 and Glutathione-S-transferase were revealed by MD.
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