Artificial intelligence is the ecosphere's prevalent and most comprehensive general acquaintance common-sense cognitive engine. The artificial intelligence (AI) business platform model is virtually ...at affluence with cloud SaaS model. It concerns AI solutions that can work together on the top layer of the other digital systems, like a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) business system. AI admittances in the digital data fluid through the coordination, fueling business enhancements over phases. In this business model, the business will safekeep a recurrent subscription. This paper endeavors to emphasize on the preventative side of the use of AI and machine learning (ML) technology to enterprise digital platform business model innovation and business dynamics. We acme the strategic implications and innovations with analytics. We explore the derivations of data-driven insights, models, and visualizations.
Aims
Global spread of carbapenem‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPsA) and Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is an emerging clinical problem. Since, quercetin is a well‐known antibacterial agent; it ...would be relevant to demonstrate synergy between quercetin and meropenem and elucidate molecular basis of effective bactericidal activity of quercetin‐meropenem against CRPsA and CRAB.
Methods and Results
Hence, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), checkerboard, time‐kill and Baclight assays were performed to determine the antibacterial and synergistic activity of quercetin with meropenem against CRPsA and CRAB. To corroborate synergism, fractional inhibitory concentration index, combination index calculation and isobologram analysis were performed on selected isolates. Finally, to elucidate molecular basis of effective bactericidal activity of quercetin‐meropenem against CRPsA and CRAB, effect of meropenem, quercetin and their combinations on cellular morphology and levels of blaNDM, mexB and adeB expressions were evaluated on selected isolates by scanning electron microscope and qRT‐PCR. Quercetin exhibited synergy with meropenem. It inhibited blaNDM and AdeB expression. Half‐MIC combination of quercetin‐meropenem exerted bactericidal activity by disrupting cell wall/membrane integrity and altering cellular morphology.
Conclusion
Quercetin could potentiate meropenem activity against CRPsA and CRAB.
Significance and Impact of the Study
This study had demonstrated bactericidal and synergistic activity of quercetin with meropenem against CRPsA and CRAB.
The physicochemical analysis of collected effluent sample for different parameters shown results as pH (pH 5.6 ± 0.11) slightly acidic, high conductivity (1563.34 ± 176 μs cm
−1
), total dissolved ...solids (920.34 ± 137 mg L
−1
), high BOD (7253.34 ± 1022 mg L
−1
), and COD (756.67 ± 1124 mg L
−1
) in the effluent sample. The results of heavy metals concentration are viz. as Cu (1.98–2.56), Co (0.26–0.53), Cd (0.10–0.50), Ni (0.04–0.07), Pb (0.58–1.2), Mn (0.58–1.05), Cr (1.47–1.51), Zn (2.61–3.5), Fe (1.72–2.13), As (0.05–0.09), and Hg (0.003–0.006). Results revealed the higher concentration of BOD, COD, TDS, and conductivity and also the concentration of lead. Results of GC–MS also confirmed the high levels of organic pollutants in effluent. Further the effluent toxicity was evaluated by employing genotoxocity assays with the use of
Allium cepa
L. (onion) root tip cells. Genotoxicity measured mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) in root tip cells obtained after treatment with effluent of 6.25, 12.5, and 25% concentration (v/v). The results of root growth test showed that inhibition of root growth occurred at effluent concentration ≥ 50% (v/v). The lowest MI was recorded (MI = 9.6%) in 25% of effluent concentration, showing a significant reduction in mitotic index compared with control which MI = 64.1%. Further, the chromosomal aberration was investigated in root tip cell after treating with different concentration ranges of effluent exhibiting various CA, viz. c-mitosis, chromosome loss, chromosome break, micronucleated cells, etc. The result suggests that the effluent contained toxic constituents, which imposed cytotoxic and genotoxic hazard.
The chromate-reducing ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa A2Chr was compared in batch culture, with cells entrapped in a dialysis sac, and with cells immobilized in an agarose-alginate film in ...conjunction with a rotating biological contactor. In all three systems, the maximum Cr(VI) reduction occurred at 10 mg Cr(VI)/l. Whereas at 50 mg Cr(VI)/l concentration, only 16% of the total Cr(VI) was reduced, five spikings with 10 mg chromate/l at 2-h intervals led to 96% reduction of the total input of 50 mg Cr(VI) /l. Thus maximum Cr(VI) reduction was achieved by avoiding Cr(VI) toxicity to the cells by respiking with lower Cr(VI) concentrations. At 10 mg Cr(VI)/l, the pattern of chromate reduction in dialysis-entrapped cells was almost similar to that of batch culture and 86% of the bacterially reduced chromium was retained inside the dialysis sac. In electroplating effluent containing 100 mg Cr(VI)/l, however, the amount of Cr(VI) reduced by the cells immobilized in agarose-alginate biofilm was twice and thrice the amount reduced by batch culture and cells entrapped in a dialysis sac, respectively.
Aim
Emergence of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL) producing with quinolone‐resistant (QR) pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae augmented the need to establish therapeutic options against them. ...Present study aimed towards determination of synergistic combination of eugenol (EG) with cefotaxime (CTX) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) to combat against this resistance and potentiation of antibacterial drugs by EG against these bacteria.
Methods and Results
Synergistic interaction between EG and CTX/CIP (FICI: 0·08–0·5) were observed among ESBL‐QR bacteria using checkerboard assay. Approximately, 2‐ to 1024‐fold minimum inhibitory concentration value reduction and 17‐ to 165 030‐fold dose reduction index strongly suggested synergistic interaction between EG and antibiotics. Cell viability assay showed reduction in log10 CFU per ml from 16·6 to 3·1 at synergistic concentration. Scanning electron microscopy further proved disruptive effect of EG on cell architecture. Eugenol and/or its combination also altered genes’ expressions that imparted antibiotic resistance by ~1·6 to ~1226 folds.
Conclusions
Reduced doses of antibiotics, bacterial morphological alterations, efflux pump down regulation, porin over expression and beta‐lactamase gene inhibition of ESBL‐QR bacteria by EG alone or in combination with CTX/CIP might have reversed antibiotic resistance profile of ESBL‐QR bacteria.
Significance and Impact of the Study
This study provided a molecular insight into action of EG and/with CTX and CIP, which might have potentiated antibiotic’s activity against ESBL‐QR bacteria.
Nonlinear structured illumination microscopy (nSIM) is an effective approach for super-resolution wide-field fluorescence microscopy with a theoretically unlimited resolution. In nSIM, carefully ...designed, highly-contrasted illumination patterns are combined with the saturation of an optical transition to enable sub-diffraction imaging. While the technique proved useful for two-dimensional imaging, extending it to three-dimensions is challenging due to the fading of organic fluorophores under intense cycling conditions. Here, we present a compressed sensing approach that allows 3D sub-diffraction nSIM of cultured cells by saturating fluorescence excitation. Exploiting the natural orthogonality of speckles at different axial planes, 3D probing of the sample is achieved by a single two-dimensional scan. Fluorescence contrast under saturated excitation is ensured by the inherent high density of intensity minima associated with optical vortices in polarized speckle patterns. Compressed speckle microscopy is thus a simple approach that enables 3D super-resolved nSIM imaging with potentially considerably reduced acquisition time and photobleaching.
In today's world, many digitally enabled start-ups are budding all over the globe because of the fast enhancement in digital technologies. For the establishment of new business, it is necessary to ...adopt a proper business model which needs to define the way in which the company will provide values and the ways in which the customers can pay for their services. This paper aims to study the various business models being used in today's marketplace and to provide a better understanding for these business models by having an insight on the attributes.
Essential oils extracted from 10 medicinal plants were evaluated for larvicidal, adulticidal, ovicidal, oviposition-deterrent and repellent activities towards three mosquito species;
Anopheles ...stephensi,
Aedes aegypti and
Culex quinquefasciatus. The essential oils of
Juniperus macropoda and
Pimpinella anisum were highly effective as both larvicidal and ovicidal. The essential oil of
P. anisum showed toxicity against 4th instar larvae of
A. stephensi and
A. aegypti with equivalent LD
95 values of 115.7
μg/ml, whereas it was 149.7
μg/ml against
C. quinquefasciatus larvae. Essential oils of
Zingiber officinale and
Rosmarinus officinalis were found to be ovicidal and repellent, respectively towards the three mosquito species. The essential oil of
Cinnamomum zeylanicum resulted into highest repellent (RD
95) values of 49.6, 53.9 and 44.2
mg/mat against
A. stephensi,
A. aegypti and
C. quinquefasciatus, respectively apart from oviposition-deterrent potential.
The efficient (site-specific) management of soil nutrients is possible by understanding the spatial variability in distribution of phyto-available nutrients (here after called available nutrients) ...and identifying the soil management zones (MZs) of agricultural landscapes. There is need for delineating soil MZs of agricultural landscapes of the world for efficient management of soil nutrients in order to obtain sustainability in crop yield. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to understand the spatial distribution pattern of available micronutrients (zinc (Zn), boron (B), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu)), available sulphur (S), and soil properties (soil acidity (pH), electrical conductivity (EC) and organic carbon (SOC) content) in soils of intensively cultivated Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) of India and to delineate soil MZs for efficient management of soil nutrients. Totally, 55101 soil samples from 0-15 cm depth were obtained from 167 districts of IGP during 2014 to 2017 and were analysed for different soil parameters. Soil pH, EC and SOC content varied from 4.44 to 9.80, 0.02 to 2.13 dS m.sup.-1 and 0.10 to 1.99%, respectively. The concentration of available Zn, B, Fe, Mn, Cu and S varied from 0.01 to 3.27, 0.01 to 3.51, 0.19 to 55.7, 0.05 to 49.0, 0.01 to 5.29 and 1.01 to 108 mg kg.sup.-1, respectively. Geostatistical analysis resulted in varied distribution pattern of studied soil parameters with moderate to strong spatial dependence. The extent (% area) of nutrient deficiencies in IGP followed the order: S > Zn > B > Mn > Cu > Fe. Principal component analysis and fuzzy c-means clustering produced six distinctly different soil MZs of IGP for implementation of zone-specific soil nutrient management strategies for attaining sustainability in crop yield. The developed MZ maps could also be utilized for prioritization and rationalization of nutrients supply in IGP of India.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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