SOX2 is a member of SOX (SRY-related high mobility group box) family of transcription factors.
In this study, we examined the expression of SOX2 in murine and human prostatic specimens by ...immunohistochemistry.
We found that SOX2 was expressed in murine prostates during budding morphogenesis and in neuroendocrine (NE) prostate cancer (PCa) murine models. Expression of SOX2 was also examined in human prostatic tissue. We found that SOX2 was expressed in 26 of the 30 BPH specimens. In these BPH samples, expression of SOX2 was limited to basal epithelial cells. In contrast, 24 of the 25 primary PCa specimens were negative for SOX2. The only positive primary PCa was the prostatic NE tumor, which also showed co-expression of synaptophysin. Additionally, the expression of SOX2 was detected in all prostatic NE tumor xenograft lines. Furthermore, we have examined the expression of SOX2 on a set of tissue microarrays consisting of metastatic PCa tissues. Expression of SOX2 was detected in at least one metastatic site in 15 of the 24 patients with metastatic castration-resistant PCa; and the expression of SOX2 was correlated with synaptophysin.
SOX2 was expressed in developing prostates, basal cells of BPH, as well as prostatic NE tumors.
Abstract
The westernmost parts of the Tien Shan region are located between two areas of crustal suturing, formed by the closure of the Turkestan Ocean, and probably the closure of a second ocean, the ...Gissar Ocean. Regional correlation of these sutures, however, has been problematic due to the lack of geological and geophysical data, as well as conflicting interpretations within the literature of various geological bodies. We summarize the information about Paleozoic ophiolites of westernmost parts of the Tien Shan for the international geoscientific audience from the literature and our own unpublished data. We focus on the best-known examples of Southern Tien Shan ophiolites which are remnants of Paleo-Asian Ocean, aligned in two main belts in Uzbekistan. Ophiolites reveal a wide age spectrum ranging from the Ordovician to the Devonian on the northern slope of Southern Tien Shan, and the Early Carboniferous on the southern slope. Considering all data on these ophiolites as well as regional considerations lets us conclude that a single ocean located subduction of the Turkestan Ocean basin under the northern Karakum-Tadjik terrane caused back-arc continentalo ruisft.i ngo iunththwearGdi ssar region in Early Carboniferous resulted in the formation of a small basin with oceanic crust. By late Carboniferous/early Permian times, both oceanic basins were subducted.
We present results of an R&D program to develop a forward calorimeter system (FCS) for the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at BNL. The FCS is a very compact, compensated, ...finely granulated, high resolution calorimeter system being developed for p+p and p+A program at RHIC. The FCS prototype consists of both electromagnetic and hadron calorimeters. The electromagnetic portion of the detector is constructed with W powder and scintillation fibers. The hadronic calorimeter is a traditional Pb/Sc-plate sandwich design. Both calorimeters were readout with Hamamatsu MPPCs. A full- scale prototype of the FCS was tested with a beam at FNAL in March 2014. We present details of the design, construction technique and performance of the FCS prototype during the test run at FNAL.
Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sqrts_{NN}) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of ...the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sqrts_{NN} with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sqrts_{NN}.
We report on results of an R&D program to develop new, simple and cost effective techniques to build compact sampling calorimeters utilizing tungsten powder and scintillating fibers. Such calorimeter ...detectors are under consideration for experiments at the planned Electron Ion Collider and the future upgrade of the STAR experiment at RHIC (BNL). In the first year of this R&D project we built two prototypes of very compact electromagnetic calorimeters and tested them at FNAL test beam T1018 in January 2012. Details of the construction technique, results of the test run and future plan will be presented.
It remains unclear whether a crystalline basement exists in SE China (including Taiwan), whether the formation of the Tananao metamorphic belt in Taiwan was linked to subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific ...Plate, and whether the source rocks of the sedimentary sequences in the metamorphic belts are late Mesozoic or Palaeozoic in age. Field investigations and zircon age data in the present study indicate that there is no pre-Palaeozoic gneiss (crystalline basement) in Taiwan (although orthogneisses were produced during deformation and metamorphism of Mesozoic granites), and investigations of the metasediments show that the sedimentary sequences in the Tailuko and Yuli belts are similar. Moreover, LA-ICP-MS dating of detrital zircons from the Pingtan–Dongshan belt in Fujian Province yields a cluster of 206Pb–238U ages at ~ 210–190 Ma, and the Tailuko and Yuli belts in Taiwan have similar clusters of detrital zircon ages at 200 Ma, 160 Ma, 120 Ma and 110 Ma, as well as a later overprinting caused by arc–continent collision. The cathodoluminescence images and trace-element characteristics of the zircons show that they were originally magmatic in origin. This finding, combined with the Hf isotope data, indicates that the sources of sediments in the Tananao belt (Tailuko and Yuli belts) were relatively close to an active continental margin, and that both the Tailuko and Yuli belts have similar sedimentary sources. From the margin of the Chinese mainland to Taiwan, the metasediments seem to represent a continuous sequence of deposits ranging in age from Jurassic to Cretaceous, but with the sediments becoming progressively younger towards the east. It can be inferred that the sediments in the Tailuko and Yuli belts were continental-shelf sequences with sources in SE China.
The research is a visual study of humanized devils in illustrations from the 15th century to the present, aiming to improve the accuracy of emotions and information that illustrators convey to ...audiences with research methods of interview survey, inductive method and morphological charts. One of the important results is the main parameters include characters' interactions, facial expressions, objects, body languages, customs and other elements, and extend to variable parameters for distinguishing humanized devils Then, current and future trends of humanized devils are concerned with characters' interactions, objects, facial expressions and customs. Another important result is the form and the changes of humanized devil. The form of humanized devil in illustrations tends to peace than horror, but the number of demon form and human form is almost equal. This study provides not only a basis for further study in related fields, but also design references for artists, illustrators and designers.
Twined flower was one of the dowries companying a Hakka girl when getting married in late Qing Dynasty. Twined flower has a long history with rich cultural context, which is included in the cultural ...heritages by Taiwan Bureau of Cultural Heritage. Hakka twined flower craft is blended in daily life and symbolizes Hakka women's virtue and sophisticated craft. Integrated with folk belief of worship and sacrifice to heaven, twined flower reveals the folk artistry and profound cultural value in a traditional society. The paper traces the Hakka group and the cultural background in Taiwan, discussing the role definition of Hakka women and craft analysis. Moreover, the study attempts to understand the development and application of Hakka twined flower, and passes down the cultural heritage. The paper searches for another type of innovative form and different look from the modern perspective of providing diverse design and applications in the future.
The research aims to investigate the visual performance of devil image in illustration design and the audiences’ perception by means of questionnaire survey, so as to improve the accuracy of the ...information transmitted from the illustrators convey to the audiences. The results show that demonic illustration differ from the general illustrations for descripting the plot of the story, but this does not affect the popularity of demonic illustration among people, compared to people with a design or art educational background, demonic illustration is more popular between the general public. Audiences accept the addition of devil-related design elements that do not fit the plot, and some even claim they like demonic illustrations. The results of the study include people's views, feelings, visual performance on the tested illustrations, hoping to help illustrators select suitable design elements as signifiers for better storytelling, and provide design references for designers and researchers to further study.
We report precision measurements of hypernuclei $^3_ΛH$ and $^4_ΛH$ lifetimes obtained from Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{sNN}$ = 3.0 GeV and 7.2 GeV collected by the STAR experiment at the ...Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and the first measurement of $^3_ΛH$ and $^4_ΛH$ midrapidity yields in Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{sNN}$ = 3.0 GeV. $^3_ΛH$ and $^4_ΛH$, being the two simplest bound states composed of hyperons and nucleons, are cornerstones in the field of hypernuclear physics. Their lifetimes are measured to be 221 ± 15 (stat) ± 19 (syst) ps for $^3_ΛH$ and 218 ± 6 (stat) ± 13 (syst) ps for $^4_ΛH$. The pT-integrated yields of $^3_ΛH$ and $^4_ΛH$ are presented in different centrality and rapidity intervals. It is observed that the shape of the rapidity distribution of $4_ΛH$ is different for 0%–10% and 10%–50% centrality collisions. Thermal model calculations, using the canonical ensemble for strangeness, describes the $^3_ΛH$ yield well, while underestimating the $^4_ΛH$ yield. Transport models, combining baryonic mean-field and coalescence (jam) or utilizing dynamical cluster formation via baryonic interactions (phqmd) for light nuclei and hypernuclei production, approximately describe the measured $^3_ΛH$ and $^4_ΛH$ yields. Our measurements provide means to precisely assess our understanding of the fundamental baryonic interactions with strange quarks, which can impact our understanding of more complicated systems involving hyperons, such as the interior of neutron stars or exotic hypernuclei.
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