Bipolar switching resistance behaviors of the Gd:SiO2 resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices on indium tin oxide electrode by the low-temperature supercritical CO2-treated technology were ...investigated. For physical and electrical measurement results obtained, the improvement on oxygen qualities, properties of indium tin oxide electrode, and operation current of the Gd:SiO2 RRAM devices were also observed. In addition, the initial metallic filament-forming model analyses and conduction transferred mechanism in switching resistance properties of the RRAM devices were verified and explained. Finally, the electrical reliability and retention properties of the Gd:SiO2 RRAM devices for low-resistance state (LRS)/high-resistance state (HRS) in different switching cycles were also measured for applications in nonvolatile random memory devices.
E-cadherin (CDH-1) is a cell-cell adhesive molecule which maintains cell integrity and communication between the intracellular and extracellular world. CDH-1 may therefore be related to ...carcinogenesis. A polymorphism located at the 3'-UTR of the CDH-1 gene is associated with stone disease; however, its relationship to prostate cancer has not been reported. We aimed to study whether there is an association between the 3'-UTR polymorphism and prostate cancer.
We collected 96 patients with prostate cancer and 114 normal controls for this study. The polymorphism of the CDH-1 gene was studied by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction analysis.
There was a significant difference in genotype distribution of the CDH-1 gene polymorphism between cancer patients and normal controls (p < 0.001). The distribution of the CDH-1 gene CC genotype in prostate cancer patients (51.0%) was higher than in the controls (10.5%). The odds ratio for the CDH-1 'C' allele was 2.896 (95% CI = 1.908-4.396). There was no significant difference according to age, pathological grading, clinical staging, and responsiveness to hormonal therapy among patients. Only 3 patients (3.1%) had a history of urolithiasis.
The CDH-1 gene 3'-UTR C/T polymorphism is associated with prostate cancer. The 'CC' homozygote indicates a relatively higher risk for developing prostate cancer than other genotypes.
A series of triazolyl coumarin derivatives
L1-L4
, with and without spacer groups between the coumarin and the triazole groups, were synthesized as fluorescent sensors to study their binding ability ...and selectivity toward metal ions. Ligand
L3
, which contains an acetyl linker between the triazole and the coumarin, exhibited a high selectivity toward Hg
2+
in polar protic solvents MeOH-CHCl
3
(9 : 1, v/v) with fluorescent enhancement, furthermore, it was found to bind two Hg
2+
at a high concentration (>12.5 mM) of Hg(ClO
4
)
2
. In contrast,
L4
, in which position 4 of the triazole unit was replaced by a benzyl group instead of the 4-
tert
-butylphenoxymethyl group used in
L1-L3
, showed a binding stoichiometry toward only one Hg
2+
. On the basis of the fluorescent sensing, IR, and
1
H NMR titration results of ligands
L1-L4
, we proposed that not only the acetyl C&z.dbd;O but also the ether group of the 4-
tert
-butylphenoxymethyl of
L3
assisted the triazole nitrogen atoms in the complexation of Hg
2+
to form a 1 : 2 complex (
L3
·(Hg
2+
)
2
).
Triazolyl coumarin chemosensor
L3
exhibited a high selectivity toward two Hg
2+
ions with fluorescent enhancement.
A series of triazolyl coumarin derivatives L1-L4, with and without spacer groups between the coumarin and the triazole groups, were synthesized as fluorescent sensors to study their binding ability ...and selectivity toward metal ions. Ligand L3, which contains an acetyl linker between the triazole and the coumarin, exhibited a high selectivity toward Hg super(2+) in polar protic solvents MeOH-CHCl sub(3) (9 : 1, v/v) with fluorescent enhancement, furthermore, it was found to bind two Hg super(2+) at a high concentration (>12.5 mM) of Hg(ClO sub(4)) sub(2). In contrast, L4, in which position 4 of the triazole unit was replaced by a benzyl group instead of the 4-tert-butylphenoxymethyl group used in L1-L3, showed a binding stoichiometry toward only one Hg super(2+). On the basis of the fluorescent sensing, IR, and super(1)H NMR titration results of ligands L1-L4, we proposed that not only the acetyl C&z.dbd; O but also the ether group of the 4-tert-butylphenoxymethyl of L3 assisted the triazole nitrogen atoms in the complexation of Hg super(2+) to form a 1 : 2 complex (L3.(Hg super(2+)) sub(2)).
Summary Small RNAs (sRNAs) play important roles in plants under stress conditions. However, limited research has been performed on the sRNAs involved in plant wound responses. In the present study, a ...novel wounding-induced sRNA, sRNA8105, was identified in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas cv. Tainung 57) using microarray analysis. It was found that expression of sRNA8105 increased after mechanical wounding. Furthermore, Dicer-like 1 (DCL1) is required for the sRNA8105 precursor (pre-sRNA8105) to generate 22 and 24 nt mature sRNA8105. sRNA8105 targeted the first intron of IbMYB1 (MYB domain protein 1) before RNA splicing, and mediated RNA cleavage and DNA methylation of IbMYB1. The interaction between sRNA8105 and IbMYB1 was confirmed by cleavage site mapping, agro-infiltration analyses, and use of a transgenic sweet potato over-expressing pre-sRNA8105 gene. Induction of IbMYB1-siRNA was observed in the wild-type upon wounding and in transgenic sweet potato over-expressing pre-sRNA8105 gene without wounding, resulting in decreased expression of the whole IbMYB1 gene family, i.e. IbMYB1 and the IbMYB2 genes, and thus directing metabolic flux toward biosynthesis of lignin in the phenylpropanoid pathway. In conclusion, sRNA8105 induced by wounding binds to the first intron of IbMYB1 RNA to methylate IbMYB1, cleave IbMYB1 RNA, and trigger production of secondary siRNAs, further repressing the expression of the IbMYB1 family genes and regulating the phenylpropanoid pathway. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
LEE, T.‐M., et al.: Increased Dispersion of Ventricular Repolarization During Head‐Up Tilt Test Late After Orthotopic Heart Transplantation in Humans. Sympathetic reinnervation after heart ...transplantation may be regionally heterogeneous. It remains undetermined if such heterogeneous reinnervation will result in increased ventricular repolarization dispersion. To determine the changes of ventricular repolarization after transplantation, a 15‐minute, 80‐degree head‐up tilt test was prospectively performed with isoproterenol provocation in 30 patients who were studied within 5 months after transplantation (early group) and 30 patients who were studied ≥12 months (late group). Holter monitor was initiated to evaluate heart rate variability, which was a surrogate of cardiac reinnervation. JT dispersion was defined as the difference between maximal and minimal JT interval measurements occurring among any of the 12 leads on a standard electrocardiogram. No subject had fewer than nine measurable leads. Compared with patients in the early group, the patients in the late group had higher low frequency activity, indicating partial sympathetic reinnervation. Analysis of the electrocardiogram showed that there were significant differences in the corrected JT dispersion in the late group compared with the early group and controls (74 ± 18 vs 56 ± 15 and 55 ± 14 ms, both P <0.05) during isoproterenol infusion. Head‐up tilt test is a useful tool to unmask the increased dispersion of ventricular repolarization, particularly during states of isoproterenol infusion. Early after cardiac transplantation, neither postural changes nor isoproterenol infusion caused a significant increase of corrected JT dispersion. Late after transplantation, heterogeneous sympathetic reinnervation may result in increased corrected JT dispersion. However, whether increased dispersion of ventricular repolarization is related to cardiac death late after operation warrants further investigation in a large and long‐term trial.
This paper utilizes the quantitative feedback theory (QFT) to design a robust controller for adaptive cutting feedrate control. The proposed algorithm could dynamically change the feedrate according ...to the spindle current which is highly related to the measured cutting force. The QFT controller could provide the constant cutting force even under different cutting condition. Hence, the machining efficiency could be improved under the robust control. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed robust cutting feedrate control algorithm (RFC).
The interlead variation in QT interval (QT dispersion) can be used to assess regional inhomogeneity of ventricular repolarization under a variety of conditions, including stress. Patients with ...syndrome X may have increased sympathetic activity that could change QT interval regionally and give rise to an increase in QT dispersion under exercise testing. To test the hypothesis, 26 consecutive patients with syndrome X (group 1) were studied. Two additional groups matched in terms of age, sex, and left ventricular mass index consisting of 26 nonconsecutive patients with coronary artery disease (group 2) and 20 normal subjects (group 3) were studied for comparison. Standing induced a significantly higher increase of heart rate in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (7.5 ± 6.0 vs 4.0 ± 6.3 and 1.1 ± 3.6 beats/min; p = 0.05 and 0.003, respectively). There were significant differences in QT dispersion between groups 1 and 2 on upright standing (48 ± 12 vs 34 ± 14 ms, p = 0.0003), but not at baseline (33 ± 14 vs 38 ± 11 ms, p = NS) or at peak exercise (38 ± 9 vs 38 ± 9 ms, p = NS). Results did not change when QT
c dispersion was substituted for QT dispersion. From a conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis, the only independent predictor of occurrence of syndrome X on upright standing was QT
c dispersion (odds ratio = 1.255, p = 0.01). Electrocardiographic QT
c dispersion provides important clinical information. Patients with syndrome X had a higher increase of heart rate and QT
c dispersion in response to standing from the supine position compared with patients with coronary artery disease and normal subjects.
Abstract
UV‐sensing devices have received significant recent attention for applications in areas such as human health, fire detection, and optical communication. One key factor for product ...commercialization is determining the optimal materials that allow for integration of excellent UV‐sensing properties with compatibility with industrial fabrication processes. However, current UV sensors often fail to achieve this due to either mismatched materials or a device that must be excessively large in order to produce enough photocurrent for UV detection. The UV‐light‐sensing properties of an amorphous InGaZnO
4
(IGZO) thin‐film transistor with a dual‐gate structure and relatively small device size (width/length = 50 µm/10 µm) that achieves high sensitivity through a threshold‐voltage‐(
V
th
)‐adjustment method is proposed. Comparing the drain currents under UV exposure to those under darkened conditions indicates that the ratio between the photoinduced and dark current reaches 10
6
. Furthermore, the UV sensitivity of the dual‐gate transistors can be adjusted by varying the bottom gate voltage, with each pixel of the sensor then being read out separately via scan line pulses. This allows the dual‐gate a‐IGZO transistor to be used for high‐performance UV sensing while being effectively integrated in display applications.
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