•On the study day, 314 antifungal drugs were prescribed in 301 (9.0%) of 3338 patients.•Most of the antifungals were prescribed for paediatric haematology–oncology patients (35.2%), followed by ...neonates (19.6%).•Antifungals were used for prophylaxis in 147 patients (48.8%) and for treatment in 154 patients (51.2%).•Antifungal treatments were empirical in 77 patients (50.0%), diagnostic-driven in 29 (18.8%) and targeted in 48 (31.2%).•Diagnostic-driven antifungal therapy was chosen mainly in PHO and HSCT units where 23 (79.3%) of 29 patients were followed.
The aim of this point prevalence survey was to evaluate the consumption, indications and strategies of antifungal therapy in the paediatric population in Turkey.
A point prevalence study was performed at 25 hospitals. In addition to general data on paediatric units of the institutes, the generic name and indication of antifungal drugs, the presence of fungal isolation and susceptibility patterns, and the presence of galactomannan test and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) results were reviewed.
A total of 3338 hospitalised patients were evaluated. The number of antifungal drugs prescribed was 314 in 301 patients (9.0%). Antifungal drugs were mostly prescribed in paediatric haematology and oncology (PHO) units (35.2%), followed by neonatal ICUs (NICUs) (19.6%), paediatric services (18.3%), paediatric ICUs (PICUs) (14.6%) and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) units (7.3%). Antifungals were used for prophylaxis in 147 patients (48.8%) and for treatment in 154 patients (50.0%). The antifungal treatment strategy in 154 patients was empirical in 77 (50.0%), diagnostic-driven in 29 (18.8%) and targeted in 48 (31.2%). At the point of decision-making for diagnostic-driven antifungal therapy in 29 patients, HRCT had not been performed in 1 patient (3.4%) and galactomannan test results were not available in 12 patients (41.4%). Thirteen patients (8.4%) were receiving eight different antifungal combination therapies.
The majority of antifungal drugs for treatment and prophylaxis were prescribed in PHO and HSCT units (42.5%), followed by ICUs. Thus, antifungal stewardship programmes should mainly focus on these patients within the availability of diagnostic tests of each hospital.
Three new copper (II) acetate complexes with nicotinamide (nia) were synthesized analyzed and characterized by standard chemical and physical methods and tested for fungicidal activity The crystal ...and molecular structures of the compounds Cu
2 (O
2CCH
3)
4 (nia) (1B) and Cu
2 (O
2CCH
3)
4 (nia)
2 (2) were determined by X-ray diffraction Both consist of binuclear units of bridging tetracarboxylate type however they differ in the bonding mode of nicotinamide molecules They are bonded at the apical positions of the dimers and connect them in an infinite chain in 1B On the other hand the dimers remain isolated in the structure of the compound 2 It seems that compound 1B is the first example where a nicotinamide molecule acts as a bidentate bridging ligand The results of EPR spectra agree with the dimeric nature of the complexes Dissolved in water or DMSO the compounds completely stop mycelial growth at a concentration of 50×10
−3 mol l
−1 Less concentrated solutions (up to 10×10
−3 mol l
−1) show weaker fungicidal activity.
A 69-year-old woman with painful crural ulcers of 3 months' duration presented at the authors' outpatient clinic. Dermatological examination revealed a necrotic ulceration with eschar formation ...localized on the anterior left crural region and the lateral malleolus of the right ankle. According to the clinical and histopathological findings, she was diagnosed with calciphylaxis. She had moderate renal insufficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism due to hypertension. The ulcers improved significantly after 3 months of topical wound therapy. This case of calciphylaxis with recalcitrant ulcers in the presence of moderate renal insufficiency is presented to stress the importance of early diagnosis and management in this life-threatening disorder.
Oral wide‐spectrum antibiotics are the linchpin of rosacea treatment. Oral and topical metronidazole, topical tretinoin, and topical benzoyl peroxide may also be used in the treatment of rosacea. We ...aimed to show that benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin gel is efficient in the treatment of acne rosacea. Fifty‐six patients with acne rosacea were enrolled in our study. We administered benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin gel to 27 patients and metronidazole gel to 29 patients. In all the patients, the intensities of erythema, telangiectasia, papules/pustules, and nodules were evaluated before, during and after the treatment. The positivity of Demodex folliculorum from skin scratches was compared between the two groups at each visit. At the end of the therapy on the third examination, in the benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin group, 91.7% of the patients showed marked clinical improvement, and 8.3% of them showed complete remission. In the metronidazole group, 73.3% showed marked clinical improvement, and 26.7% of them showed complete remission. Clinical improvement in the papular component was 65.2% for the benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin group, and 81.5% for metronidazole group. In the first examination, the clinical results of the agents were similar. Although both of the drugs were found to be effective in the second and third examinations, metronidazole gel was more effective than benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin. Both of the drugs were found to be significantly effective especially in treating the papular component of rosacea. Demodex folliculorum was found to be positive in 74.1% of the benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin group and in 62.1% of the metronidazole group at the beginning. In the benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin group, 40.7% of Demodex folliculorum positive patients, became negative by the first examination. This was 17.2% for the metronidazole group. In the benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin group, among the patients who were positive for Demodex folliculorum in the first examination, 37.5% of them became negative. This was 36.7% for the metronidazole group. Benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin gel was superior to metronidazole gel in decreasing Demodex folliculorum by the first examination, but the effect of the two drugs on Demodex folliculorum was similar by the second examination. As a result, topically applied combined benzoyl peroxide‐erythromycin gel may be an alternative choice of treatment for acne rosacea.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL VARIABLES OF STEEL Abstract - The pipes and components installed in process plants, refineries, compressors and those derived from petroleum, are designed in ...accordance with ANSI / ASME B31.8 1 and constructed, using appropriate and qualified procedures by addition of welding material. For this implementation rules structures and pressure vessels, American Welding Society 2 and American Society Mechanical Engineering ASME IX 3, allows to design all kinds of joints and qualify welders. Since a failure is detected in an operation pipeline, the ability to conducting a "Weld in Service", the repair procedure requires careful planning, considering that the pipe is under pressure and with fluid. On this occasion, from a simplified two-dimensional finite element model, considering the influence of the temperature dependent of the physical properties with respect to temperature, such as thermal conductivity and specific heat, is studied in the final results. Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, USA (2010) 2 Norma de Soldadura, AWS American Welding Society (2010) 3 ASME Section IX.
Bu çalışmada, Urtica dioica L.'nin, bir karsinojenik madde olan polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonlardan 7,12-
dimetilbenz(a)antrasen (DMBA) uygulanan tavşanların tüylerindeki iz element (Zn, Cu, Mn, ...Fe) konsantrasyonlarına etkileri
araştırıldı. Her biri yedişer tavşandan oluşan üç deneme ve bir kontrol grubu oluşturuldu. A grubuna 7,12-
dimetilbenz(a)antrasen (0,5 ml/kg/gün), B grubuna 0,5 ml/kg/gün DMBA+0.2 ml/kg/gün dozunda ısırgan otu metanol
ekstraktı, C grubuna 0,5 ml/kg/gün DMBA+0.5 ml/kg/gün dozunda ısırgan otu sulu ekstraktı ve kontrol grubuna ise fizyolojik
tuzlu su ile hazırlanan %10'luk dimetilsülfoksit çözeltisinden 0.5 ml/kg/gün dozunda İM olarak beş ay süreyle uygulandı. Yapılan
ölçümlerde Cu düzeylerinde gözlenen azalmalar kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında istatistik olarak anlamlı bulundu (P<0.01).
Fe düzeylerinde DMBA+Urtica dioica L'nin sulu ekstraktı uygulanan grupta kontrol grubuna göre ölçülen azalma istatistik
açıdan önemli bulundu (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak, Urtica dioica L'nin metanol ve sulu ekstraklarının uygulandığı deneme
gruplarında tüy iz element seviyeleri kontrol verilerine göre düşük, DMBA grubuna göre yüksek bulundu. Bu bağlamda Urtica
dioica L'nin DMBA' nın neden olduğu zararlı etkilere karşı koruyucu olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
In this study the effect of nettle herb (Urtica dioica L.) on the levels of trace element (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) in the rabbit fur treated
with 7,12-dimetylbenzanthracene (DMBA) were investigated. The rabbit were divided into three experimental groups and one
control group, each group contained seven rabbits. DMBA (0.5 ml/kg/day) were administreated IM to group A as carcinogenic
compound. DMBA (0.5 ml/kg/day) were administreated IM as carcinogenic compound plus methanol extract of nettle herb (0.2
ml/kg/day) to group B, DMBA (0.5 ml/kg/day) were administreated IM as carcinogenic compound plus water extract of nettle herb
(0.5 ml/kg/day) to group C and 10% dimethylsulphoxide (0.5 ml/kg/day) dissolved in normal saline solution were administrated to
control group. All of the treatments were performed for five mounths to each group. The decrases in Cu levels were significant
when compared with that of control group (P<0.01). The decrases in Fe levels in water extract of DMBA+Urtica dioica L. was
statistically significant compared with that of control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, fur trace element levels of groups treated with
methanol or water extract of Urtica dioica L. were less compared with that of control group but were higher compared with that of
DMBA group. It was thought that Urtica dioica L. can have protective effect against damage caused by DMBA.
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