V razpravi nas zanima dnevnik kot vrsta dokumentarnega gradiva in njegove funkcije za namene literarnega raziskovanja. Dnevnik najprej umestimo v skupino sorodnih virov, v kateri so pisma, spomini, ...polemični spisi, eseji, zapiski, ocene, beležnice, listinsko gradivo avtorjev itn. Nato spregovorimo o uporabi arhivskega gradiva v (slovenskem) literarnem zgodovinopisju in z vidika različnih metod. Na dnevnik pogledamo skozi koncepcijo ego dokumentov Winfrieda Schulzeja. Ob primeru zasebnega intimnega dnevnika ponudimo zasnutek tipologije funkcij za uporabo dnevnikov pri literarnem raziskovanju. Predstavljamo sveže transkripte in še neobjavljene slovenske prevode odlomkov iz nemškega dnevnika Louise Crobath (Pesjak) (1844).
Avtorica v razpravi predstavi različne dejavnike, ki so mogli poleg narodnopolitičnih spodbud močneje vplivati na oblikovanje mreže čitalnic v 60.letih 19. stoletja, ter premišljuje, kakšne so ...povezave med njimi in organizacijo prostorske distribucije čitalnic na slovenskem etničnem ozemlju. Ozavestiti skuša pomen součinkovanja demografskih značilnosti posameznih naselij in širših območij, kjer se je razvijalo čitalništvo, pri čemer se naslanja na prvi popolnejši popis prebivalstva iz Avstro-Ogrske, ki je bil izveden leta 1869. Med dejavniki posebno pozornost nameni politični in sodni organiziranosti območij s čitalnicami, njihovi občinsko- upravni razdelitvi inrazprostranjenosti šolske infrastrukture, sestavljene iz srednjih in višjih šol. Na tej podlagi prihaja do nekaj možnih vzorcev, ki kažejo, kako so obravnavani dejavniki povezani med seboj z ozirom na vzpostavljanje in razporeditev čitalnic na različnih koncih slovenskega etničnega ozemlja.
SLOVENIAN SPATIAL ORIENTED LITERARY STUDIES AND LITERARY INTERPRETATION
The paper examines how to interpret literature from the viewpoint of modern spatially oriented literary studies, more ...precisely, of its Slovenian academic ver-sion, which has established in the last decade. It draws on the tradition of literary geography from the beginning of the 20th century and updates it theoretically and methodologically with the concepts of postmodern spatial humanities. It is pro-ductively connected with the empirical studies of literature (ELW), which have a longer tradition in Slovenia, especially through the conception of literature as a social system. Slovenian spatially oriented literary studies are based on a particu-lar hypothesis about mutual influences between geospace, understood as a mesh of physical-natural and social conditions, and literature, understood as a literary communication. Slovenian literature is interpreted primarily through space. In literary studies, various types of spatial data come to the fore, which are, on the one hand, mainly relate to biographies of writers and the infrastructure of media and institutions, and, on the other, to literary texts that refer to geospace. Thematic literary maps – created using geographic information system technology (GIS) – are used to present, analyse and interpret the relations between geospace and the “life paths” of the most prominent Slovenian writers.
IVAN KUKULJEVIĆ SAKCINSKI IN THE CULTURE OF MIDNINETEENTH-CENTURY SLOVENE LITERARY TRANSLATION: JURAN AND SOFIA, OR THE TURKS AT SISAK AND THE FORMATION OF THE SLOVENE NATIONAL IDENTITY
In 1850, Ivan ...Kukuljević Sakcinski’s Illyrian-Croatian plays Juran i Sofija ili Turci
kod Siska (Juran and Sofija, or the Turks at Sisak, 1839) and Stjepko Šubić ili Bela IV. u
Horvatskoj (Štepan Šubic, or Bela IV in Croatia, 1841) were published in Slovene translation in the book Dve igri za slovensko glediše (Two Plays for the Slovene Theatre). First,
the paper considers the plays in a wider context of contemporary Slovene-language
drama of the same period, and then in a somewhat narrower context of dramatic
works in the Slovene language in (South) Slavic literature, wherein the discussion
takes into account the position of these two plays in the developing system of genres
of translated drama, since these two works occupy a distinctive place because they
representing model heroic plays. Special emphasis is placed on the first play, which
is not only Kukuljević’s most well-known work, but was, generally speaking, better
received in the Slovene context. This can be explained in a number of ways: 1) due
to to specific socio-political conditions (the translation into Slovene is from the
period of Bach’s s absolutism marked by increased German pressure on the Slovene and Croatian territory); 2) due to obvious social relevance of the Turkish topic (in
the Battle at Sisak the Slovenes and Croatians behave heroically, independently and
cooperatively); and 3) due to the play’s specific features, in particular its dramatic
personae, setting, and Slavic character (in the play, Toma Erdödy, Juran and Andrej Turjaški act in accordance with Slavic reciprocity, and the setting of the play
is Slavic). These features, in turn, enabled identification with the characters and
promoted national emancipation. The genre of the heroic play filled the gap in
the Slovene literature, which Fran Levstik anticipated in his 1858 Slovene literary
programme, which is also the first Slovene programme of this type.
Keywords: translation, adaptation, Slovene-Croatian relations, Turk
In the paper, the problem of exile is first understood in the way of national exile and persecution. The analysis will focus on the historical novel Človek proti človeku Man against Man, 1930, by ...France Bevk, which thematizes the Middle Ages, but which should be read as a metaphor through which the author during the Italian occupation of Primorsko polemically and subtle confronted foreign rulers. In the novel the problem of national persecution is represented as the opposition between the representatives of ecclesiastical and secular/aristocratic authority on the one hand and the serfdom on the other, and is most thoroughly addressed through the relationship between patriarch and brave (bandit) nobles. With their bold opposition to the patriarch, secret conspiracy and efforts to remedy injustice and restore peace and order in their home country, the nobles also serve as a model for unification of the nation. Exile is also understood in terms of the individual's exile and the search for one's identity. More specifically, it is self-exile, which is at the same time self-awareness, as embodied in the central figure of Jerko, who is torn between the sword, the monk's habit and the poetry/art/spirituality. Jerko could be the alter ego of the writer France Bevk, who wrote the novel under conditions of house imprisonment and concluded it meaningfully with the symbolism of the falcon as the messenger of the spiritual world (and thus art).
In the paper, the problem of exile is first understood in the way of national exile and persecution. The analysis will focus on the historical novel Človek proti človeku Man against Man, 1930, by ...France Bevk, which thematizes the Middle Ages, but which should be read as a metaphor through which the author during the Italian occupation of Primorsko polemically and subtle confronted foreign rulers. In the novel the problem of national persecution is represented as the opposition between the representatives of ecclesiastical and secular/aristocratic authority on the one hand and the serfdom on the other, and is most thoroughly addressed through the relationship between patriarch and brave (bandit) nobles. With their bold opposition to the patriarch, secret conspiracy and efforts to remedy injustice and restore peace and order in their home country, the nobles also serve as a model for unification of the nation. Exile is also understood in terms of the individual's exile and the search for one's identity. More specifically, it is self-exile, which is at the same time self-awareness, as embodied in the central figure of Jerko, who is torn between the sword, the monk's habit and the poetry/art/spirituality. Jerko could be the alter ego of the writer France Bevk, who wrote the novel under conditions of house imprisonment and concluded it meaningfully with the symbolism of the falcon as the messenger of the spiritual world (and thus art).
The paper examines how to interpret literature from the viewpoint of modern spatially oriented literary studies, more precisely, of its Slovenian academic version, which has established in the last ...decade. It draws on the tradition of literary geography from the beginning of the 20th century and updates it theoretically and methodologically with the concepts of postmodern spatial humanities. It is productively connected with the empirical studies of literature (ELW), which have a longer tradition in Slovenia, especially through the conception of literature as a social system. Slovenian spatially oriented literary studies are based on a particular hypothesis about mutual influences between geospace, understood as a mesh of physical-natural and social conditions, and literature, understood as a literary communication. Slovenian literature is interpreted primarily through space. In literary studies, various types of spatial data come to the fore, which are, on the one hand, mainly relate to biographies of writers and the infrastructure of media and institutions, and, on the other, to literary texts that refer to geospace. Thematic literary maps – created using geographic information system technology (GIS) – are used to present, analyse and interpret the relations between geospace and the “life paths” of the most prominent Slovenian writers.
Medijsko orientirana sistemska obravnava literature daje zadovoljiv odgovor na vprašanje, kako bi bilo mogoče v literarnem raziskovanju še rešiti razkorak med esencializmom in relativizmom in zajeti ...različne vidike literature. Da bi ujeli estetsko in družbeno-zgodovinsko dimenzijo literature, je treba najprej ustrezno definirati nosilce literarnih akcij in tekst. Ključen je še pojem medija, ki vključuje semiotične komunikacijske instrumente, tehnologije, socialne ustanove z vplivom ekonomskih, pravnih, političnih, ideoloških, kulturnih idr. redov. Na tej podlagi predlagamo konkretno vsebinsko analizo, ki naj pomaga opredeliti razmerje med tekstom in kontekstom.
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