It is generally believed that when a single metallic nanowire is sufficiently small, it scatters like a point electric dipole. We show theoretically when a metallic nanowire is placed inside ...specially designed beams, the magnetic dipole contribution along with the electric dipole resonance can lead to unidirectional scattering in the far field, fulfilling Kerker's condition. Remarkably, this far-field unidirectional scattering encodes information that is highly dependent on the nanowire's deflection at a scale much smaller than the wavelength. The special roles of small but essential magnetic response along with the plasmonic resonance are highlighted for this extreme sensitivity as compared with the dielectric counterpart. In addition, the same essential role of the magnetic dipole contribution is also presented for a very small metallic nanosphere.
Optical angular momenta (AM) have attracted tremendous research interest in recent years. In this paper we theoretically investigate the electromagnetic field and angular momentum properties of ...tightly focused arbitrary cylindrical vortex vector (CVV) input beams. An absorptive particle is placed in focused CVV fields to analyze the optical torques. The spin-orbit motions of the particle can be predicted and controlled when the influences of different parameters, such as the topological charge, the polarization and the initial phases, are taken into account. These findings will be helpful in optical beam shaping, optical spin-orbit interaction and practical optical manipulation.
A fast noninvasive method based on scattering from a focused radially polarized light to detect and localize subwavelength nanoparticles on a substrate is presented. The technique relies on ...polarization matching in the far field between scattered and spurious reflected fields. Results show a localization uncertainty of ≈10^{-4}λ^{2} is possible for a particle of area ≈λ^{2}/16. The effect of simple pupil shaping is also shown.
We propose a scheme to retrieve the size parameters of a nanoparticle on a glass substrate at a scale much smaller than the wavelength. This is achieved by illuminating the particle using two plane ...waves to create rich and nontrivial local polarization distributions, and observing the far-field scattering pattern into the substrate. By using this illumination to control the induced complex dipole moment, the exponential decay of power radiated into the supercritical region, as well as directional scattering due to spin-orbit coupling can be exploited to retrieve the particle's shape, size, and position directly from the far-field scattering with high sensitivity and without the need for a complicated and time-consuming optimization algorithm. Our method brings about a far-field superresolution nanometrology scheme based on the interaction of vectorial light with nanoparticles.
•New method to correct the probe position in ptychography is proposed.•This method can correct the probe position with sub-pixel accuracy.•Less computationally expensive than other existing ...methods.•It is straightforward to implement.•Results with visible light experimental data are shown.
Ptychography, a form of Coherent Diffractive Imaging, is used with short wavelengths (e.g. X-rays, electron beams) to achieve high-resolution image reconstructions. One of the limiting factors for the reconstruction quality is the accurate knowledge of the illumination probe positions. Recently, many advances have been made to relax the requirement for the probe positions accuracy. Here, we analyse and demonstrate a straightforward approach that can be used to correct the probe positions with sub-pixel accuracy. Simulations and experimental results with visible light are presented in this work.
El Gawhary, Van Mechelen, and Urbach Reply El Gawhary, Omar; Van Mechelen, Todd; Urbach, H. P.
Physical review letters,
03/2019, Letnik:
122, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Identifying subwavelength objects and displacements is of crucial importance in optical nanometrology. We show in this Letter that nanoantennas with subwavelength structures can be excited precisely ...by incident beams with singularity. This accurate feeding beyond the diffraction limit can lead to dynamic control of the unidirectional scattering in the far field. The combination of the field discontinuity of the incoming singular beam with the rapid phase variation near the antenna leads to remarkable sensitivity of the far-field scattering to the displacement at a scale much smaller than the wavelength. This Letter introduces a far-field deep subwavelength position detection method based on the interaction of singular optics with nanoantennas.
In recent years, light beams containing phase or polarization singularities, such as optical vortices (OVs) and cylindrical vector beams (CVBs), have contributed to significant applications including ...optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) communications, particle trapping and manipulation, and super-resolved imaging. However, traditional methods for detecting the phase and polarization singularities of light suffer from drawbacks, such as large device size, complicated optics, and limits in detection function. Here, we propose an alternative method for detecting simultaneously phase and polarization singularities based on a spin-multiplexing metasurface. Both numerical and experimental results demonstrate that the metasurface device can be used to measure accurately the topological charge of OVs and the polarization order of CVBs individually or simultaneously, and exhibit beneficial attributes such as a broadband response, compactness, and system simplification. This method offers great potential in applications such as singular optical beam shaping and high-capacity OAM/CVB multiplexing communication.
Measuring phase and polarization singularities of light individually or simultaneously.
With the increasing use of ultrasonography, especially in medical imaging, novel fabrication techniques together with novel sensor designs are needed to meet the requirements for future applications ...like three-dimensional intercardiac and intravascular imaging. These applications require arrays of many small elements to selectively record the sound waves coming from a certain direction. Here we present proof of concept of an optical micro-machined ultrasound sensor (OMUS) fabricated with a semi-industrial CMOS fabrication line. The sensor is based on integrated photonics, which allows for elements with small spatial footprint. We demonstrate that the first prototype is already capable of detecting pressures of 0.4 Pa, which matches the performance of the state of the art piezo-electric transducers while having a 65 times smaller spatial footprint. The sensor is compatible with MRI due to the lack of electronical wiring. Another important benefit of the use of integrated photonics is the easy interrogation of an array of elements. Hence, in future designs only two optical fibers are needed to interrogate an entire array, which minimizes the amount of connections of smart catheters. The demonstrated OMUS has potential applications in medical ultrasound imaging, non destructive testing as well as in flow sensing.
Whispering Gallery modes have been presented in microscopic glass spheres or toruses with many applications. In this paper, the possible approaches to enhance the imaging resolution by Whispering ...Gallery modes are discussed, including evanescent waves coupling, transformed and illustration by Whispering Gallery modes. It shows that the high-order scattering modes play the dominant role in the reconstructed virtual image when the Whispering Gallery modes exist. Furthermore, we find that the high image resolution of electric dipoles can be achieved, when the out-of-phase components exist from the illustration of Whispering Gallery modes. Those results of our simulation could contribute to the knowledge of microsphere-assisted super-resolution imaging and its potential applications.
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