The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the technical aspects of the different controllers (PID, MPC and Neural) for the performance of an aircraft's behavior in relation to the longitudinal ...equations investigated. For this purpose, the behavior of these controllers was developed in a simulator to compare the performance of each one and to be able to decide which is the most advisable according to reference values. The development strategy is to conduct research to determine the various factors such as equations that will help us determine the correct analysis.
1,2-dichloropropane (1,2-DCP) and 1,2,3-trichloropropane (1,2,3-TCP) are hazardous chemicals frequently detected in groundwater near agricultural zones due to their historical use in chlorinated ...fumigant formulations. In this study, we show that the organohalide-respiring bacterium Dehalogenimonas alkenigignens strain BRE15 M can grow during the dihaloelimination of 1,2-DCP and 1,2,3-TCP to propene and allyl chloride, respectively. Our work also provides the first application of dual isotope approach to investigate the anaerobic reductive dechlorination of 1,2-DCP and 1,2,3-TCP. Stable carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation values for 1,2-DCP (ƐC = −13.6 ± 1.4 ‰ and ƐCl = −27.4 ± 5.2 ‰) and 1,2,3-TCP (ƐC = −3.8 ± 0.6 ‰ and ƐCl = −0.8 ± 0.5 ‰) were obtained resulting in distinct dual isotope slopes (Λ12DCP = 0.5 ± 0.1, Λ123TCP = 4 ± 2). However direct comparison of ΛC-Cl among different substrates is not possible and investigation of the C and Cl apparent kinetic isotope effects lead to the hypothesis that concerted dichloroelimination mechanism is more likely for both compounds. In fact, whole cell activity assays using cells suspensions of the Dehalogenimonas-containing culture grown with 1,2-DCP and methyl viologen as electron donor suggest that the same set of reductive dehalogenases was involved in the transformation of 1,2-DCP and 1,2,3-TCP. This study opens the door to the application of isotope techniques for evaluating biodegradation of 1,2-DCP and 1,2,3-TCP, which often co-occur in groundwaters near agricultural fields.
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•Dehalogenimonas coupled growth with dechlorination of 1,2-DCP and 1,2,3-TCP.•Same set of reductive dehalogenases were involved in their biodegradation.•Dechlorination of 1,2-DCP and 1,2,3-TCP was assessed using dual isotope analysis.•Concerted dichloroelimination mechanism is more likely for both compounds.•Calculated Λ allows distinguishing their degradation pathways in the field.
The birth of a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tends to strongly disrupt family dynamics and functioning. However, the severity of the impact may be softened if the family feels ...supported during the diagnostic process. The Valencia region (Spain)--where this study is located--recently put in place a protocol to improve ASD detection and support for families. The aim of this study was to identify these families' views on the quality of the process experienced and the operation of the new system. The participants were 34 families with a child who had been diagnosed with this condition. A mixed methodological approach was adopted. A descriptive analysis and an interpretative-phenomenological study were performed using SPSS v. 25 and AQUAD 7, respectively. The results showed that while families seemed to be relatively satisfied, there is still room for improvement in some important areas such as guidance and emotional support, the training of the professionals involved, and waiting time. It was concluded that significant improvements must be implemented in the new diagnostic model to successfully meet the demands of families in a context characterized by a paucity of studies.
•Bravais-Moiré patterns as another kind of square-lattice 2D photonic crystals.•Different cross-sectional shapes of dielectric scatters. Effect on photonic gaps.•Rotating dielectric scatters within ...the unit cell. Effects on photonic gaps.
We perform a theoretical study of light propagation properties in two-dimensional square photonic crystals following Bravais-Moiré patterns, paying particular attention to the influence of the transversal shape and the orientation of the dielectric scatters onto the width and position of photonic band gaps. In this sense, we have considered both square and triangular transversal geometries for the dielectric scatters, together with the possible rotation of either all the elements or of one half of them, within the unit cell. Results for the photonic dispersion relations and band gaps are compared with those arising from the analysis of structures with simple bi-atomic Bravais unit cells. It comes out that wider photonic gaps appear when using square-shaped scatters. The use of Bravais-Moiré cells with the same kind of cores enhance the width of these gaps but shift them towards higher frequencies. Rotation of all elements within the cell in angles of 0.23 rad and 0.46 rad causes very small, if not null, changes in the photonic gap widths. However, the rotation of one half of the scatters in the cell, leaving the other half unrotated does produce noticeable modifications in the photonic band structure: For crystals made of square-shaped dielectric cores and simple cubic cells, this rotation strongly modifies the photonic structure, whilst for Bravais-Moiré crystals the same kind of change takes place for cells made of triangular-shaped cores.
The clonal propagation of T. cacao by somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a promising approach to multiply elite genotypes. Assessing clonal fidelity in plants regenerated from somatic embryos is the first ...step toward ensuring genetic uniformity in the mass production of planting material. This study assessed the genetic stability of cacao plantlets propagated by SE and conventional grafting for genotypes CCN51 and TSH565 using 13 SSR. The leaves of in vitro plantlets (IVL) were collected from 6-month-old plants and leaves of field plants (FPL) were selected from 3-year-old trees. The 13 analyzed loci revealed 25 alleles in genotype CCN51 and 24 alleles in genotype TSH565. The highest PIC value was observed for all SSR, only mTcCIR8 and mTcUNICAMP09 were intermediate, with PIC values of less than 0.250. IVL and FPL populations were genetically equal. According to the results, no differences in allelic composition were observed between FPL and IVL in each genotype. This indicates that plants propagated by SE did not show perceptible detriment to their genome with the used SSR. In addition, Jaccard's coefficient showed more than a 91% similarity for TSH565 and 92% for CCN51. The UPGMA and PCA showed that the populations tended to group within two genotypes. The SSR results obtained do not exclude the occurrence of other changes in the nuclear genome. However, considering the morphological stability of in vitro propagated plants, the results indicate that the protocol used is suitable and efficient for large scale, true-to-type propagation of genotypes CCN51 and TSH565 for commercial purposes.
Some HIV-infected c-ART-suppressed individuals show incomplete CD4+ T-cell recovery, abnormal T-cell activation and higher mortality. One potential source of immune activation could be coinfection ...with cytomegalovirus (CMV). IgG and IgM levels, immune activation, inflammation and T-cell death in c-ART-suppressed individuals with CD4+ T-cell counts >350 cells/μL (immunoconcordant, n = 133) or <350 cells/μL (immunodiscordant, n = 95) were analyzed to evaluate the effect of CMV humoral response on immune recovery. In total, 27 HIV-uninfected individuals were included as controls. In addition, the presence of CMV IgM antibodies was retrospectively analyzed in 58 immunoconcordant individuals and 66 immunodiscordant individuals. Increased CMV IgG levels were observed in individuals with poor immune reconstitution (p = 0.0002). Increased CMV IgG responses were significantly correlated with lower nadir and absolute CD4+ T-cell counts. In contrast, CMV IgG responses were positively correlated with activation (HLA-DR+) and death markers in CD4+ T-cells and activated memory CD8+ T-cells (CD45RA-CD38+). Longitudinal subanalysis revealed an increased frequency of IgM+ samples in individuals with poor CD4+ T-cell recovery, and an association was observed between retrospective IgM positivity and the current level of IgG. The magnitude of the humoral immune response to CMV is associated with nadir CD4+ T-cell counts, inflammation, immune activation and CD4+ T-cell death, thus suggesting that CMV infection may be a relevant driving force in the increased morbidity/mortality observed in HIV+ individuals with poor CD4+ T-cell recovery.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In this quantitative study, we investigated how parenting styles affect the physical activity habits of Elementary School students in the Region of Murcia. Sedentarism is a growing problem in today's ...society, especially among children. Method. Two questionnaires were used under a quantitative approach, the IPAQ and the ESPA29, to collect data from 937 students from different educational centers in order to discover the reality in children's society and its relationship with physical activity. Results. Parental socialization styles affect the physical activity of students, and significant differences were found between democratic, neglectful, permissive, and authoritarian styles with physical activity. Conclusions. It is important to take into account parenting styles in promoting healthy physical activity habits in Elementary School students, and educational implications and new lines of research on this topic are suggested.
En este estudio cuantitativo, investigamos cómo los estilos de crianza afectan los hábitos de actividad física de los estudiantes de primaria en la Región de Murcia. El sedentarismo es un problema creciente en la sociedad actual, especialmente entre los niños. Se utilizaron dos cuestionarios bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, el IPAQ y el ESPA29, para recopilar datos de 937 estudiantes de diferentes centros educativos con el fin de descubrir la realidad en la sociedad infantil y su relación con la actividad física. Los estilos de socialización parental afectan la actividad física de los estudiantes, y se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los estilos democrático, negligente, permisivo y autoritario en relación con la actividad física. Es importante tener en cuenta los estilos de crianza en la promoción de hábitos saludables de actividad física en los estudiantes de primaria, y se sugieren implicaciones educativas y nuevas líneas de investigación sobre este tema.
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