Universal Healthcare for Zebrafish Varga, Zoltán M.; Lawrence, Christian; Ekker, Stephen C. ...
Zebrafish,
07/2016, Letnik:
13, Številka:
s1
Journal Article
After the KWS-3 instrument was moved from Juelich to Munich (in the first half of 2007), it underwent a fundamental evaluation, with the final result that a major upgrade for the whole instrument ...became necessary. The main subject of the upgrade project was a general mirror refurbishment, i.e. a new polishing and subsequently a new coating of the mirror surface with the isotope 65Cu. In parallel to the mirror refurbishment, comprehensive upgrade activities in the vacuum system, electronics and programming have been performed with the aims of protecting the new mirror coating from aging (degradation of the mirror's surface properties), transforming the instrument into a user-friendly state and introducing conceptual improvements.
As an introduction to the four papers published in the 2017 issue of Hungarian Cultural Studies, this paper summarizes the specificities of comparative literary studies in the Central and Eastern ...European context, as examined by a research group affiliated with the Institute of Literary Studies, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and various other universities throughout Hungary. The topics and thoughts expressed in these studies were originally explored during a conference session held at the AILC Vienna Congress in 2016. While Central and Eastern Europe’s participation in the world of comparative studies has formed a core element for both the research group’s interest and the Vienna session, this field has been expanded to discuss Central and Eastern European literatures within the context of international comparative studies as well as the migration (emigration) of these literatures. After presenting the four papers included in the 2017 issue of Hungarian Cultural Studies, the Guest Editors provide a brief preview of the next four papers to be published in the journal’s 2018 issue.
The 1.4541 and the 1.4571 stainless steels and a carbon steel were subjected to immersion corrosion tests in stagnant and stirred biomass fuel sources such as rapeseed oil, waste cooking oil and ...animal waste lard as well as their emulsions with 5 and 50 wt.% aqueous citric acid solutions at a temperature of 80°C so as to model storage, handling and purification conditions. Passivation of carbon steel was facilitated by flow of the less acidic rapeseed and waste cooking oils and increased flux of oxygen. Carbon steel was sensitive for the higher concentration of proton donor species, acidity of the waste lard. Higher mass loss rates correlated with increased corrosion currents measured in citric acid solution by electrochemical methods. Flow of the biomasses and increased acid concentration of the emulsions were beneficial for the passivation of stainless steels. Although corrosion related mass loss, dissolution rate of the passive layers increased by flow and high acidity of the fluids, both the formation and compactness of passive layers are facilitated by the biomasses with higher concentration of oxygen donating species like water, alcohol and acids. Surface transformation of the passivating steels was reflected by decreasing electrochemical pseudo-capacity of the interfaces and increasing resistance of the passive layers derived from the results of Tafel and Stern methods as well as impedance results. Anti-correlation between mass loss results obtained by immersion in the biomasses and electrochemical data measured in dilute aqueous citric acid solution is explained by the varied compactness, resistance of the passive layers and exchange currents of the steel electrodes due to the orders of magnitude different activities of the hydrogen ion in the biomass mixtures and citric acid solution.
Traumatic experiences result in the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 10–25% of exposed individuals. While human clinical studies suggest that susceptibility is potentially ...linked to endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling, neurobiological PTSD susceptibility factors are poorly understood. Employing a rat model of contextual conditioned fear, we characterized distinct resilient and susceptible subpopulations based on lasting generalized fear, a core symptom of PTSD. In these groups, we assessed i.) eCB levels by mass spectrometry and ii.) expression variations of eCB system- and iii.) neuroplasticity-related genes by real-time quantitative PCR in the circuitry relevant in trauma-induced changes. Furthermore, employing unsupervised and semi-supervised machine learning based statistical analytical models, we assessed iv.) gene expression patterns with the most robust predictive power regarding PTSD susceptibility. According to our findings, in our model, generalized fear responses occurred with sufficient variability to characterize distinct resilient and susceptible subpopulations. Resilient subjects showed elevated prelimbic and lower ventral hippocampal levels of eCB 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG) compared to resilient and non-shocked control subjects. Ventral hippocampal 2-AG content positively correlated with the strength of fear generalization. Furthermore, susceptibility was associated with i.) prefrontal, hippocampal and amygdalar neuronal hypoactivity, ii.) marked decrease in the expression of genes of transcription factors modulating neuroplasticity and iii.) an altered expression pattern of eCB-related genes, including enzymes involved in eCB metabolism. Unsupervised and semi-supervised statistical approaches highlighted that hippocampal gene expression patterns possess strong predictive power regarding susceptibility. Taken together, the marked eCB and neuroplasticity changes in susceptible individuals associated with abnormal activity patterns in the fear circuitry possibly contribute to context coding deficits, resulting in generalized fear.
•Posttrauma generalized fear level separates susceptible and resilient individuals.•Resiliency is linked with higher prefrontal and lower ventral hippocampal 2-AG.•Ventral hippocampal 2-AG is positively correlated with generalized fear strength.•Susceptibility is linked to prefrontal, hippocampal and amygdalar hypoactivity.•Neuroplasticity and endocannabinoid gene expression patterns predict susceptibility.
The pattern of genetic variation in a butterfly species depends on the past history of the given species and also on recent evolutionary processes affecting its populations. The aim of the present ...study was (i) to analyse the enzyme polymorphism in the Clouded Apollo populations of the Carpathian Basin to reveal the contemporary pattern of their genetic differentiation and (ii) to compare it with an expanded mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype network of the SE European populations. Allozyme polymorphism was analysed in 22 populations of four geographic regions: Transdanubian (TM) and North Hungarian Mountains (NM), Körös (KÖR) and Bereg–Apuseni–East Carpathian regions (BEAC). The results of the Bayesian clustering analyses based on allozymes supported the presence of three main genetic lineages in the Carpathian Basin: One was typical for TM, another was characteristic for NM and the third cluster was predominant in KÖR. The populations of BEAC harboured a mixture of two clusters. The mtDNA haplotype network suggested a fairly similar distribution: The peri-Alpine clade together with the West Balkan clade was detected in TM, while the East Balkan clade occurred in NM, partly in TR and in the two eastern regions of the Basin (KÖR and BAEC). The incongruities between the results of the mtDNA and allozyme studies can be explained by the different timescales represented by the two markers. The mtDNA haplotype network provided strong evidence concerning the existence of two Balkan lineages, which probably formed a ‘zone of admixture’ in the Transdanubian and North Hungarian Mountains. The possibility of Last Glacial survival of
Parnassius mnemosyne
in the Carpathian Basin and the conservation implications of these results are discussed.
Researchers into Literature and Education from Norway, Pakistan and the United Kingdom used William Golding's Lord of the Flies to explore the potential of a literary text to encourage intercultural ...dialogue, employing an innovative teaching method, Google Circles, to provide a platform for asynchronous online discussion among three cohorts of students in higher education. The authors present here the ethical and moral responses to the novel. The authors' analysis of the data explores the students' thoughts about human nature and law and order, as well as responses made by the students to moral turning points in Golding's novel. The authors report that - although the novel provided a space for students from three national contexts to debate major existential questions using the affordances of the asynchronous digital platform - the students found it difficult to distinguish between the writer, the implied author and the narrative voice.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Recently a large number of studies have reported an increase in the variability in the climate, which affects behavioural and physiological adaptations in a broad range of organisms. Specifically, ...insects may be especially sensitive to climatic fluctuations, as their physiology and life history traits, like those of other ectotherms, are predominantly affected by environmental factors. Here we aimed to investigate climate-induced changes in several morphometric measures of the Heath Fritillary in North-Eastern Hungary, which is a highly diverse transitional area. During this study we tested the following hypotheses: (i) climate affects genitalia and body size to various degrees (ii) increasing variability in climate induces higher levels of fluctuating asymmetry and variance in all morphological characters. To our knowledge, this study is the first to analyse simultaneously wing size and structure of genitalia of a butterfly in response to variability in climate. Our findings suggest that wing and genital traits may exhibit similar degrees of stability in response to a more variable climate, although the response in terms of forewing size differs from that of other body measurements and the structure of the genitalia. These findings suggest that global climate change may affect lepidopteran body metrics over longer periods of time. Our findings parallel the results of investigations showing that insect morphology might be modified by environmental changes, which is especially the case for those body parts that are phenotypically very variable. However, we found no evidence that increasing variability in climate would induce higher levels of fluctuating asymmetry and greater variability in morphological characters.
PDF
