Women with refractory urgency urinary incontinence (ie, unresponsive to behavioral and pharmacological interventions) are treated with onabotulinumtoxinA or sacral neuromodulation.
The objective of ...the study was to compare treatment efficacy and adverse events in women <65 and ≥65 years old treated with onabotulinumtoxinA or sacral neuromodulation.
This study was a planned secondary analysis of a multicenter, randomized trial that enrolled community-dwelling women with refractory urgency urinary incontinence to onabotulinumtoxinA or sacral neuromodulation treatments. The primary outcome was a change in mean daily urgency urinary incontinence episodes on a bladder diary over 6 months. Secondary outcomes included ≥75% urgency urinary incontinence episode reduction, change in symptom severity/quality of life, treatment satisfaction, and treatment-related adverse events.
Both age groups experienced improvement in mean urgency urinary incontinence episodes per day following each treatment. There was no evidence that mean daily urgency urinary incontinence episode reduction differed between age groups for onabotulinumtoxinA (adjusted coefficient, –0.127, 95% confidence interval, –1.233 to 0.979; P = .821) or sacral neuromodulation (adjusted coefficient, –0.698, 95% confidence interval, –1.832 to 0.437; P = .227). Among those treated with onabotulinumtoxinA, women <65 years had 3.3-fold greater odds of ≥75% resolution than women ≥65 years (95% confidence interval, 1.56 –7.02). Women <65 years had a greater reduction in Overactive Bladder Questionnaire Short Form symptom bother scores compared with women ≥65 years by 7.49 points (95% confidence interval, –3.23 to –11.74), regardless of treatment group. There was no difference between quality of life improvement by age. Women ≥65 years had more urinary tract infections following onabotulinumtoxinA and sacral neuromodulation (odds ratio, 1.9, 95% confidence interval, 1.2–3.3). There was no evidence of age differences in sacral neuromodulation revision/removal or catheterization following onabotulinumtoxinA treatment.
Younger women experienced greater absolute continence, symptom improvement, and fewer urinary tract infections; both older and younger women had beneficial urgency urinary incontinence episode reduction, similar rates of other treatment adverse events, and improved quality of life.
Imperfections in analog-to-digital conversion cannot be ignored when signal digitization requirements demand both wide dynamic range and high resolution, as is the case for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR ...76Ge neutrinoless double beta decay search. Enabling the experiment's high-resolution spectral analysis and efficient pulse shape discrimination required careful measurement and correction of ADC nonlinearites. A simple measurement protocol was developed that did not require sophisticated equipment or lengthy data taking campaigns. A slope-dependent hysteresis was observed and characterized. A correction applied to digitized waveforms prior to signal processing reduced the differential and integral nonlinearites by an order of magnitude, eliminating these as dominant contributions to the systematic energy uncertainty at the double-beta decay Q value.
Imperfections in analog-to-digital conversion cannot be ignored when signal digitization requirements demand both wide dynamic range and high resolution, as is the case for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR ...76Ge neutrinoless double beta decay search. Enabling the experiment's high-resolution spectral analysis and efficient pulse shape discrimination required careful measurement and correction of ADC nonlinearites. Here, a simple measurement protocol was developed that did not require sophisticated equipment or lengthy data taking campaigns. A slope-dependent hysteresis was observed and characterized. A correction applied to digitized waveforms prior to signal processing reduced the differential and integral nonlinearites by an order of magnitude, eliminating these as dominant contributions to the systematic energy uncertainty at the double-beta decay Q value.
Lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are xanthophyll carotenoids that have been promoted to enhance maternal health and infant visual and neurodevelopment. In this study, we determined the effects of ...prenatal L and Z supplementation on systemic and ocular carotenoid status in the mother and her newborn infant (NCT03750968). This report focuses on the ocular effects of prenatal carotenoid supplementation.
A prospective randomized clinical trial with 47 subjects randomly assigned by 1:1 allocation to receive standard-of-care prenatal vitamins along with 10 mg L and 2 mg Z softgel (Carotenoid Group) or standard-of-care prenatal vitamins with a placebo softgel (Control Group) starting in the first trimester.
We enrolled low-risk pregnancy subjects aged ≥18 years from the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of the University of Utah Hospital.
Maternal macular, skin, and serum carotenoid concentrations were measured using autofluorescence imaging, resonance Raman spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Infants’ ocular carotenoids and retinal architecture were measured by blue light reflectance imaging and spectral-domain OCT, respectively.
Changes in maternal and infant macular pigment, skin, and serum carotenoid status over the study period. Differences in infants’ retinal maturity indicators between the 2 study groups.
Following supplementation, there was a statistically significant increase in maternal macular pigment optical volume (P < 0.001) in the Carotenoid Group relative to the Control Group at all study time points, and there was no detectable maternal ocular carotenoid depletion. Infant skin and serum carotenoids increased significantly in the Carotenoid Group compared with the Control Group. As exploratory endpoints, infants in the Carotenoid Group had a 20% increase in macular pigment optical density (P = 0.242) and more mature foveal parameters compared with those in the Control Group.
Prenatal carotenoid supplementation significantly increased maternal and infant systemic carotenoids and caused a pattern of increased infant ocular carotenoid status, which may benefit both mothers and their infants’ ocular development and function. This study provides important data to design and power a future multicenter study of prenatal carotenoid supplementation in higher-risk pregnancies.
The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
We report the measurement of gamma gamma to eta_c(1S), eta_c(2S) to eta' pi+ pi- with eta' decays to gamma rho and eta pi+ pi- using 941 fb^{-1} of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB ...asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. The eta_c(1S) mass and width are measured to be M = 2984.6\pm0.7 (stat.)\pm2.2 (syst.) MeV/c^{2} and \Gamma = 30.8^{+2.3}_{-2.2}~(stat.) \pm 2.5~(syst.) MeV, respectively. First observation of eta_c(2S) to eta' pi+ pi- with a significance of 5.5sigma including systematic error is obtained, and the eta_c(2S) mass is measured to be M = 3635.1\pm3.7~(stat.)\pm2.9~(syst.) MeV/c^{2}. The products of the two-photon decay width and branching fraction (B) of decays to eta'pi+ pi- are determined to be \Gamma_{gamma gamma}B = 65.4\pm2.6~(stat.)\pm6.9~(syst.) eV for eta_c(1S) and 5.6^{+1.2}_{-1.1}~(stat.)\pm1.1~(syst.) eV for eta_c(2S). A new decay mode for the eta_c(1S) to eta'f_0(2080) with f_0(2080) to pi+ pi- is observed with a statistical significance of 20sigma. The f_0(2080) mass and width are determined to be M = 2083^{+63}_{-66}~(stat.)\pm 32~(syst.) MeV/c^{2} and \Gamma = 178^{+60}_{-178}~(stat.) \pm 55~(syst.) MeV. The cross sections for gamma gamma to eta' pi+ pi- and eta'f_{2}(1270) are measured for the first time.
This study aimed to evaluate whether the number of vacuum pop-offs, the number of forceps pulls, or the duration of operative vaginal delivery (OVD) is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal ...outcomes.
This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter observational cohort of women who underwent an attempted OVD. Women were stratified by the duration of OVD and the number of pop-offs (vacuum) or pulls (forceps) attempted. Severe perineal lacerations, failed OVD, and a composite adverse neonatal outcome were compared by the duration of OVD and number of pop-offs or pulls.
Of the 115,502 women in the primary cohort, 5,325 (4.6%) underwent an attempt at OVD: 3,594 (67.5%) with vacuum and 1,731 (32.5%) with forceps. After adjusting for potential confounders, an increasing number of pop-offs was associated with an increased odds of the composite adverse neonatal outcome. However, an increasing duration of vacuum exhibited a stronger association with the composite adverse neonatal outcome. Similarly, the number of forceps pulls was less strongly associated with the composite adverse neonatal outcome compared with the duration of forceps application.
The duration of OVD may be more associated with adverse neonatal outcomes than the number of pop-offs or pulls.
Using a sample of 1.31×109 J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we study the decays of J/ψ→KSKL and KSKS. The branching fraction of J/ψ→KSKL is determined to be ...B(J/ψ→KSKL)=(1.93±0.01(stat)±0.05(syst))×10−4, which significantly improves on previous measurements. No clear signal is observed for the J/ψ→KSKS process, and the upper limit at the 95% confidence level for its branching fraction is determined to be B(J/ψ→KSKS)<1.4×10−8, which improves on the previous searches by 2 orders in magnitude and reaches the order of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen expectation.
Radioactive Sb129, which can be treated as a proton plus semimagic Sn128 core within the particle-core coupling scheme, was studied by Coulomb excitation. Reduced electric quadrupole transition ...probabilities, B(E2), for the 2+⊗πg7/2 multiplet members and candidate πd5/2 state were measured. The results indicate that the total electric quadrupole strength of Sb129 is a factor of 1.39(11) larger than the Sn128 core, which is in stark contrast to the expectations of the empirically successful particle-core coupling scheme. Shell-model calculations performed with two different sets of nucleon-nucleon interactions suggest that this enhanced collectivity is due to constructive quadrupole coherence in the wave functions stemming from the proton-neutron residual interactions, where adding one nucleon to a core near a double-shell closure can have a pronounced effect. The enhanced electric quadrupole strength is an early signal of the emerging nuclear collectivity that becomes dominant away from the shell closure.
We report the first measurement of the T-odd moments in the decay D0→KS0π+π−π0 from a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 966 fb−1 collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB ...asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. From these moments we determine the CP-violation-sensitive asymmetry aCPT-odd=−0.28±1.38(stat.)−0.76+0.23(syst.)×10−3, which is consistent with no CP violation. In addition, we perform aCPT−odd measurements in different regions of the D0→KS0π+π−π0 phase space; these are also consistent with no CP violation.
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