In the article, the authors consider the role of a multimedia textbook in modern education. The priority national project "Education" is being implemented in Russia - the creation and implementation ...of modern electronic textbooks is one of the priority concepts in this project. Electronic publications enhance interactive features such as modeling, surveys, discussions, and additional multimedia materials. Advantages of electronic textbooks: mobility, large capacity of information; the ability to constantly update content, without purchasing a new textbook and financial expenses; level of visibility: you can only put text, illustrations, diagrams and graphs in a printed publication, but you can also put animation in an electronic publication, which is convenient for visual display of academic subjects. The electronic textbook provides more opportunities for learning within the existing programs, as well as for the development and optimization of the educational process.
This article discusses the main manifestos of designers and theorists of the world, setting new trends in the methodology of education. The materials published in the 70s of the last century, which ...have not lost their relevance today, as well as modern materials in the field of design theory published in different countries of the world, are studied. The analysis of these sources allowed us to identify two groups of conditions and requirements for the new methodology of teaching design, the need for the formation of modern project thinking. One of them focuses the system on the idea of serving not advertising and industry that produces similar and even dangerous products, but something more valuable, durable and unique. As well as participation in solving important global problems. Another group forms the criteria for the nature of the educational process itself. It puts before us the need to choose methods of continuous, active education, integrate it into everyday life, saturate it with various creative technologies, points out the advantages of working in a team and calls for a constant rethinking of the past experience, both of all mankind and of an individual artist-designer. A methodology based on such requirements is being developed and used in the modern world. All this speaks of changes in the teaching of design, the creation of certain pedagogical conditions that play an important role in the development of design around the world.
The article considers the poster design as a means of broadcasting and its role in the formation of ecological culture. The impact of the development of technological progress on the birth of ...completely new forms of the poster, which are not limited to one paper medium. The value of a social poster is in its content aspect, conceptual solution, well-chosen palette, composition. The language of graphic design changes along with the situation in society, becomes extremely figurative, exaggerated, metaphorical, symbolism takes the place of verbatim. The main task of the design of a social poster focused on nature conservation is to contribute to the formation of an ecological culture, starting with personal motivation for self-preservation and preservation of the environment, where the knowledge and skills of both each person individually and entire human communities. The purpose of the social poster is to orient the viewer to the commitment to the highest social values - such as humanism, love for people, for life, and nature. The poster is an iconic carrier of information, simple and understandable, which does not require intellectual efforts from the viewer and educates him both morally and aesthetically, influences a person’s emotions, his attitude to the environment.
The article discusses the issue of designing the landscape and architectural environment of eco-spaces for the purpose of eco-education and upbringing. Since the main solution to environmental ...problems is the education of ecological culture, the formation of a new type of ecological consciousness among the younger generation, the design of eco-sites is the most relevant solution in this area. After analyzing the existing eco-sites and eco-trails, we can draw certain conclusions and identify several factors that are necessary when designing landscape eco-spaces. The creation of an eco-platform on the territory of park zones will attract the attention of the population to the problems of environmental pollution, as well as the education of ecological culture and the popularization of ecological and educational activities among young people. Visitors to the site, aimed at eco-education, will plunge not just into the architectural and landscape area, but into a whole educational camp, where everyone can find a convenient way to get information. The modern, designed space will be able to promote the development of creative and research abilities of children during the summer and winter holidays. The complex should include such areas as: entrance, exhibition, administrative and office premises, recreation area, area of cultural events, master classes, lectures. For the perception of a holistic environment, it is necessary to preserve the unity of the composition and create a thematic planning structure of the eco-space. A prerequisite is that the development of the relationship between the premises and the multi-level space provides for the logical movement of visitors around the ecological site. People who are immersed in the process of observing nature will do this in a constant mode, studying the growth of plants, changes in the weather, and so on.
Modern scientists consider migration to be a tool that makes it possible to redistribute human capital, which is currently the most important resource. At that, of special interest are the peripheral ...regions of the country, including those with the cross-border status, where the influence of migration processes on the structure of population is most noticeable. The Pskov Oblast is currently the leader in Russia in terms of depopulation. Natural decline in the region’s population is only partially compensated by migration. In this regard, the role of migration in the solution of demographic issues of regional development is becoming more and more important. The article presents the analysis of migration processes in the Pskov Oblast in the post-Soviet period; the analysis is based on the processing of statistical data. The author attempts to explain the main trends in migration processes in the framework of the Pskov Oblast for the last 20 years. Informational base of the research is formed by the materials of Pskovstat. The research findings can be used in the drafting and adjustment of a concept for demographic development of the region
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common types of brain tumor. Despite intensive research, patients with GBM have a poor prognosis due to a very high rate of relapse and significant ...side effects of the treatment, with a median survival of 14.6 months. Oncolytic viruses are considered a promising strategy to eliminate GBM and other types of cancer, and several viruses have already been introduced into clinical practice. However, identification of the factors that underly the sensitivity of tumor species to oncolytic viruses or that modulate their clinical efficacy remains an important target. Here, we show that Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) demonstrates high oncolytic potential towards GBM primary cell species and cell lines. Moreover, 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), an inhibitor of glycolysis, potentiates the cytopathic effects of CVB5 in most of the cancer cell lines tested. The cells in which the inhibition of glycolysis enhanced oncolysis are characterized by high mitochondrial respiratory activity and glycolytic capacity, as determined by Seahorse analysis. Thus, 2-deoxyglucose and other analogs should be considered as adjuvants for oncolytic therapy of glioblastoma multiforme.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of metabolic disorders that collectively increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in the pathogeneses of MS components ...and is involved in different mitochondrial signaling pathways that control respiration and apoptosis. The present review summarizes the recent information regarding the interrelations of mitochondria and NO in MS. Changes in the activities of different NO synthase isoforms lead to the formation of metabolic disorders and therefore are highlighted here. Reduced endothelial NOS activity and NO bioavailability, as the main factors underlying the endothelial dysfunction that occurs in MS, are discussed in this review in relation to mitochondrial dysfunction. We also focus on potential therapeutic strategies involving NO signaling pathways that can be used to treat patients with metabolic disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. The article may help researchers develop new approaches for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of MS.
A number of acidic liquid coordination complexes (LCCs) based on phosphorus-containing electron donors such as tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (POct3O), triphenylphosphine oxide (PPh3O) or ...triphenylphoshine (PPh3), and Lewis acids (AlCl3, FeCl3, TiCl4) have been synthesized and tested as catalysts of cationic polymerization of isobutylene. Among different LCCs studied, POct3O–AlCl3 and POct3O–FeCl3 (χ(MCl3) = 0.60) in combination with bis(2-chloroethyl)ether (CE) and iPr2O, respectively, showed best results in terms of monomer conversion, exo-olefin end group content and polydispersity. POct3O–AlCl3/CE catalytic system afforded highly reactive polyisobutylene (HR PIB) with high exo-olefin end group content (75–90%) and low polydispersity (Đ≤2.0) in high yield (70–90%) at 20 °C and high monomer concentration (IB = 5.2 M) in n-hexane, although the number-average molecular weight (Mn = 2.500–3.500 g mol−1) is slightly higher than required for application. POct3O–FeCl3/iPr2O catalytic system showed higher activity and regioselectivity in the cationic polymerization of isobutylene as compared to POct3O–AlCl3/CE giving desired low molecular weight HR PIB (Mn = 1500 g mol−1, Đ = 2.1, Fn(exo) = 91%) in quantitative yield at lower catalyst concentration (22 mM for POct3O–FeCl3 vs. 44 mM for POct3O–AlCl3) at room temperature.
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•LCCs represent a new class of catalysts for the synthesis of HR PIB.•Among LCC studied P888O–FeCl3 and P888O–AlCl3 showed higher activity.•LCCs afforded HR PIB with high exo-olefin content (≥90%) and low polydispersity (Đ<2.2).•LCCs are typically existed in an equilibrium with corresponding donor-acceptor complexs
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly considered in the ethiopathogenesis of different pathological conditions because they may cause significant damage to cells and tissues. In this paper, we ...focused on potential antioxidant properties of two medical plants such as the Agrimonia eupatoria L. and Cynara cardunculus L. Both plants have previously been studied for their pharmacological activities, especially as hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic activities. It has been suggested, that their effects are related to the antioxidant properties of polyphenols, which are dominant compounds of the plants' extracts. In the present study HPLC-MS analysis of water infusion was performed allowing the identification of several phenolic constituents. Furthermore, antioxidant effects of the two extracts were compared showing higher effects for agrimony extract compared to artichoke. Thus, agrimony was selected for the in vivo study using the skin flap viability model. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that the A. eupatoria extract may be a valuable source of polyphenols to be studied for the future development of supplements useful in the prevention of diseases linked to oxidative stress.
Transport is the main source of environmental pollution. The ecology of transport determines the extent of the negative impact on nature and the environment. The authors present a block diagram of ...the interaction between the interests of public security and the economic entity. The mechanism of interaction between public and commercial interests of a transport enterprise is considered from the standpoint of payment for nature management. The article proposes a scheme for ensuring the quality and efficiency of the railway transport enterprise. The influence of external and internal factors on the quality and efficiency of the transport enterprise is described.
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