121.
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
122.
123.
Hole board food search task in rats: effects of hole depths and food deprivation
Vawter, M.P. (University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands); Ree, J.M. van
Physiology & behavior,
05/1989, Letnik:
45, Številka:
5
Journal Article
The hole board food search task has been used in rats to analyse their learning ability and different types of memory, IC working and reference memory. In the present experiments the effects of hole ...
depth and level of food deprivation in this task was investigated. No marked differences with respect to the performance, learning and memory were found when rats were tested with a hole depth of 2.8 and 3.8 cm. But when a hole depth of 1.8 cm was used, these parameters were changed, suggesting a decreased learning and memory under this condition. A higher level of food deprivation resulted in a better performance of the animals, but the processes implicated in learning and memory were less affected. The data indicated that both external and internal characteristics can influence the results of the hole board food search task, and thus the calculated scores for learning and memory.
več
Naroči gradivo
124.
125.
Paternal age effect: Replication in schizophrenia with intriguing dissociation between bipolar with and without psychosis
Lehrer, Douglas S.; Pato, Michele T.; Nahhas, Ramzi W. ...
American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics,
06/2016, Letnik:
171B, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Advanced paternal age (APA) is a risk factor for schizophrenia (Sz) and bipolar disorder (BP). Putative mechanisms include heritable genetic factors, de novo mutations, and epigenetic mechanisms. Few ...
studies have explored phenotypic features associated with APA. The Genomic Psychiatry Cohort established a clinically characterized repository of genomic samples from subjects with a Sz‐BP diagnosis or unaffected controls, 12,975 with parental age information. We estimated relative risk ratios for Sz, schizoaffective depressed and bipolar types (SA‐D, SA‐B), and BP with and without history of psychotic features (PF) relative to the control group, comparing each paternal age group to the reference group 20–24 years. All tests were two‐sided with adjustment for multiple comparisons. Subjects with fathers age 45+ had significantly higher risk for all diagnoses except for BP w/o PF. APA also bore no significant relation to family psychiatric history. In conclusion, we replicated APA as a risk factor for Sz. To our knowledge, this is the first published report of APA in a BP sample stratified by psychosis history, extending this association only in BP w/PF. This suggests that phenotypic expression of the APA effect in Sz‐BP spectrum is psychosis, per se, rather than other aspects of these complex disorders. The lack of a significant relationship between paternal age and familial disease patterns suggests that underlying mechanisms of the paternal age effect may involve a complex interaction of heritable and non‐heritable factors. The authors discuss implications and testable hypotheses, starting with a focus on genetic mechanisms and endophenotypic expressions of dopaminergic function. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
več
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
126.
Nicotine dependence and psychosis in Bipolar disorder and Schizoaffective disorder, Bipolar type
Estrada, Elena; Hartz, Sarah M.; Tran, Jeffrey ...
American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics,
June 2016, Letnik:
171B, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Patients with Bipolar disorder smoke more than the general population. Smoking negatively impacts mortality and clinical course in Bipolar disorder patients. Prior studies have shown contradictory ...
results regarding the impact of psychosis on smoking behavior in Bipolar disorder. We analyzed a large sample of Bipolar disorder and Schizoaffective disorder, Bipolar Type patients and predicted those with a history of psychosis would be more likely to be nicotine dependent. Data from subjects and controls were collected from the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort (GPC). Subjects were diagnosed with Bipolar disorder without psychosis (N = 610), Bipolar disorder with psychosis (N = 1544). Participants were classified with or without nicotine dependence. Diagnostic groups were compared to controls (N = 10065) using logistic regression. Among smokers (N = 6157), those with Bipolar disorder had an increased risk of nicotine dependence (OR = 2.5; P < 0.0001). Patients with Bipolar disorder with psychosis were more likely to be dependent than Bipolar disorder patients without psychosis (OR = 1.3; P = 0.03). Schizoaffective disorder, Bipolar Type patients had more risk of nicotine dependence when compared to Bipolar disorder patients with or without psychosis (OR = 1.2; P = 0.02). Bipolar disorder patients experiencing more severity of psychosis have more risk of nicotine dependence. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
več
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
127.
Traumatic brain injury and bipolar psychosis in the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort
Cieslak, Kristina; Pato, Michelle; Buckley, Peter ...
American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics,
06/2016, Letnik:
171B, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Approximately three million individuals in the United States sustain traumatic brain injury (TBI) every year, with documented impact on a range of neurological and psychiatric disturbances including ...
mania, depression, and psychosis. Identification of subsets of individuals that may demonstrate increased propensity for posttraumatic symptoms and who may share genetic vulnerabilities for gene‐environment interactions can enhance efforts to understand, predict, and prevent these phenomena. A sample of 11,489 cases from the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort (GPC), a NIMH‐managed data repository for the investigation of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, was used for this study. Cases were excluded if TBI was deemed causal to their mental illness. A k‐means clustering algorithm was used to probe differences between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder associated with variables including onset age, hallucinations, delusions, head injury, and TBI. Cases were separated into an optimum number of seven clusters, with two clusters including all cases with brain injury. Bipolar disorder with psychosis and TBI were significantly correlated in one cluster in which 72% of cases were male and 99.2% sustained head injury. This cluster also carried the longest average period of unconsciousness. This study demonstrates an association of TBI with psychosis in a subset of bipolar cases, suggesting that traumatic stressors may have the ability to impact gene expression in a vulnerable population, and/or there is a heightened occurrence of TBI in individuals with underlying psychosis. Further studies should more closely examine the interplay between genetic variation in bipolar disorder and susceptibility to psychosis following TBI. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
več
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
128.
Naroči gradivo
129.
Dostopno za:
UL
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