Abstract
A 29-year-old man diagnosed with monkeypox infection underwent an
18
F-FDG PET/CT for the study of organic involvement in the context of a nonsatisfactory clinical evolution. He had a ...history of HIV (with undetectable viral load). FDG PET/CT showed multiple hypermetabolic lymphadenopathies and bilateral pulmonary nodules with mild
18
F-FDG uptake.
A 29-year-old man diagnosed with monkeypox infection underwent an 18 F-FDG PET/CT for the study of organic involvement in the context of a nonsatisfactory clinical evolution. He had a history of HIV ...(with undetectable viral load). FDG PET/CT showed multiple hypermetabolic lymphadenopathies and bilateral pulmonary nodules with mild 18 F-FDG uptake.
The objective of this study is to present a high-fidelity bench model of cryopreserved stomachs that can be used while learning surgical skills. Thirty stomachs were harvested from Wistar rats at the ...end of non-abdominal research studies. The stomachs were washed with cold saline solution and filled with hyaluronic acid solution. The organs were then placed into cryovials and cryopreserved at -30 °C for 60 days. The stomachs were thawed to room temperature on the day of the surgical skills practice and two full-thickness incisions were made. Reporting on their experiences, 22 participants (73.33%) felt that the cryopreserved stomach was identical to in vivo rat stomachs, 24 (80.00%) reported that the stomach was easy to handle, and 27 (90%) reported the tissue was non-friable. Moreover, 29 participants (96.6%) finished the suturing without tears and 100% recommended it as a biomaterial for surgical training. The cryopreserved stomach is a practical, reproducible, low-cost, and high-fidelity bench model that allows surgical fellows to learn how to handle a stomach and improve their surgical abilities before performing surgery on patients or laboratory animals.
PURPOSE: To present a new low-cost high fidelity bench model of cryopreserved trachea that can be used to learn surgical skills from medical students to cardiothoracic surgery fellows. METHODS: Ten ...tracheas were harvested from ten non-trachea related research dogs at the moment of euthanasia. Each trachea was trimmed in six or seven rings segments. They were cryopreserved and stored during 60 days. The day programmed for surgical skills practice, they were thawed to room temperature. RESULTS: Forty segments have been used. After defrosting, all the segments kept their normal anatomic shape and structural integrity. Two incisions were made on every tracheal segment and sutured with running or separate stitches with 5-0 polypropilene. There were no complications such as cartilage ruptures, neither tears on the mucosae, the cartilages nor the membranous posterior membrane. CONCLUSIONS: The cryopreserved trachea is a high fidelity, practical, reproducible, portable, low-cost bench model. It allows cardiothoracic fellows to learn how to handle a trachea, as well as to perfect their surgical and suture abilities before applying them on a real patient's trachea.OBJETIVO: Apresentar novo modelo de traquéia criopreservada de baixo custo e alta fidelidade que pode ser usado tanto por estudantes de medicina como por cirurgiões cardiotorácicos no aprendizado e desenvolvimento de suas habilidades cirúrgicas. MÉTODOS: Foram coletados amostras de dez traquéias de dez cães utilizados para pesquisa após a eutanásia. Cada segmento de traquéia foi dividida em seis ou sete anéis, criopreservadas e armazenadas durante 60 dias. No dia programado para a prática cirúrgica os segmentos foram descongelados a temperatura ambiente. RESULTADOS: Foram utilizados 40 segmentos no estudo. Após o descongelamento todos os segmentos mantiveram sua forma anatômica e sua integridade estrutural. Foram realizadas duas incisões em cada segmento traqueal que foram suturadas em padrão continuo ou com pontos separados utilizando sutura de polipropileno 5-0. Não houve nenhuma complicação como a ruptura da cartilagem, rasgos na mucosa, cartilagem ou na membrana membranosa posterior. CONCLUSÕES: O modelo de traquéia criopreservada é altamente fidedigno, prático, reproduzível, portátil e de baixo custo. Permite que os cirurgiões cardiotorácicos aprendam como manipular a traquéia, assim como aperfeiçoar suas habilidades cirúrgicas antes de sua aplicação em traquéias de pacientes reais.
To present a new low-cost high fidelity bench model of cryopreserved trachea that can be used to learn surgical skills from medical students to cardiothoracic surgery fellows.
Ten tracheas were ...harvested from ten non-trachea related research dogs at the moment of euthanasia. Each trachea was trimmed in six or seven rings segments. They were cryopreserved and stored during 60 days. The day programmed for surgical skills practice, they were thawed to room temperature.
Forty segments have been used. After defrosting, all the segments kept their normal anatomic shape and structural integrity. Two incisions were made on every tracheal segment and sutured with running or separate stitches with 5-0 polypropilene. There were no complications such as cartilage ruptures, neither tears on the mucosae, the cartilages nor the membranous posterior membrane.
The cryopreserved trachea is a high fidelity, practical, reproducible, portable, low-cost bench model. It allows cardiothoracic fellows to learn how to handle a trachea, as well as to perfect their surgical and suture abilities before applying them on a real patient's trachea.
Before 2014, Peru had never been a common destination country for migrants and refugees. However, the exodus of people coming from Venezuela would lead the country to become the second in the world ...to receive this population in absolute numbers, with 830 000 as of July 2020 (Bahar et al., 2020, p. 9).Although at the beginning the State decided to adopt an open-door policy regarding the entry and permanence of Venezuelans, since mid-2018 migration control has become more restrictive. This situation has become even more adverse for them since the beginning of the pandemic of COVID-19, as they have had to go through situations of discrimination, despite its condition of especial vulnerability.Given this scenario, this article will examine certain actions and omissions carried out by the State, which reveal violations of human rights of these people, fostered by a public opinion of rejection towards them. Finally, the importance of developing citizen awareness actions questioning these perceptions and encouraging social inclusion will also be analyzed.
Antes del año 2014, Perú nunca había sido país de destino recurrente de personas migrantes y refugiadas. Sin embargo, el éxodo de personas venezolanas llevaría al país a convertirse en el segundo mayor receptor de esta población en números absolutos, con 830 000 a julio de 2020 (Bahar et al., 2020, p. 9).Aunque al inicio el Estado decidió adoptar una política de apertura respecto del ingreso y permanencia de personas venezolanas, desde mediados de 2018 el control migratorio se volvió más restrictivo. Esta situación se tornó aún más adversa para ellas desde el inicio de la pandemia por el COVID-19, teniendo que pasar por situaciones de discriminación a pesar de su condición de especial vulnerabilidad. Ante este panorama, en el presente artículo se examinarán ciertas acciones y omisiones del Estado que ponen de manifiesto vulneraciones de los derechos humanos de estas personas, fomentadas por una opinión pública de rechazo hacia ellas. Finalmente, se analizará la importancia del desarrollo de acciones de sensibilización que cuestionen estas percepciones y coadyuven a la inclusión social.
Antes do ano 2014, Perú nunca havia sido um pais de destino recorrente para pessoas imigrantes e refugiadas. Porém o êxodo de pessoas venezuelanas levaria para o pais transformar-se no segundo maior receptor desta população em números absolutos, com 830 000 para julho de 2020 (Bahar et al., 2020, p. 9).Mesmo que no começo o Estado decidiu desenvolver uma política mais favorável em relação na entrada e pêrmanecia de pessoas venezuelanas, nos meados de 2018 o controle imigratório se tornou mais rígido. Esta situação se converteu ainda mais desfavorável para eles desde o início da pandemia pelo COVID-19, tendo que passar por situações de discriminação apesar de sua condição de vulnerabilidade especial. Tendo em vista este panorama, neste artigo se examinará certas ações e omissões do Estado que coloquem de manifesto as vulnerações dos direitos humanos destas pessoas, promovidas por uma opinião pública de rejeição contra elas. Finalmente, será analisado a importância do desenvolvimento das ações de sensibilização que questionem as percepções e colaborem com a inclusão social.
To develop and validate equations to estimate the percentage of body fat of children and adolescents from Mexico using anthropometric measurements.
A cross‐sectional study was carried out with 601 ...children and adolescents from Mexico aged 5–19 years. The participants were randomly divided into the following two groups: the development sample (n=398) and the validation sample (n=203). The validity of previously published equations (e.g., Slaughter) was also assessed. The percentage of body fat was estimated by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. The anthropometric measurements included height, sitting height, weight, waist and arm circumferences, skinfolds (triceps, biceps, subscapular, supra‐iliac, and calf), and elbow and bitrochanteric breadth. Linear regression models were estimated with the percentage of body fat as the dependent variable and the anthropometric measurements as the independent variables.
Equations were created based on combinations of six to nine anthropometric variables and had coefficients of determination (r2) equal to or higher than 92.4% for boys and 85.8% for girls. In the validation sample, the developed equations had high r2 values (≥85.6% in boys and ≥78.1% in girls) in all age groups, low standard errors (SE≤3.05% in boys and ≤3.52% in girls), and the intercepts were not different from the origin (p>0.050). Using the previously published equations, the coefficients of determination were lower, and/or the intercepts were different from the origin.
The equations developed in this study can be used to assess the percentage of body fat of Mexican schoolchildren and adolescents, as they demonstrate greater validity and lower error compared with previously published equations.
Desenvolver e validar equações para estimar o percentual de gordura corporal (%GC) de crianças e adolescentes do México com medidas antropométricas.
Foi feito um estudo transversal com 601 crianças e adolescentes do México cinco e 19 anos. Os participantes foram divididos aleatoriamente nos seguintes dois grupos: a amostra de desenvolvimento (n=398) e a amostra de validação (n=203). A validade das equações publicadas anteriormente (por exemplo, Slaughter) também foi avaliada. O %GC foi estimado por absorciometria de dupla energia de raios X (raios X de dupla energia DXA). As medidas antropométricas incluíram estatura, altura sentado, peso, circunferências da cintura e do braço, dobras cutâneas (tríceps, bíceps, subescapular, suprailíaca e panturrilha) e larguras do cotovelo e bitrocantérica. Os modelos de regressão linear foram estimados com o %GC, a variável dependente e as medidas antropométricas como as variáveis independentes.
As equações foram criadas com base nas combinações de seis a nove variáveis antropométricas e apresentaram coeficientes de determinação (r2) iguais ou superiores a 92,4% para meninos e 85,8% para meninas. Na amostra de validação, as equações desenvolvidas apresentaram altos valores de r2 (≥ 85,6% em meninos e≥78,1% em meninas) em todos os grupos, baixo nível de erros padrão (EP≤3,05% em meninos e≤3,52% em meninas) e os interceptos não foram diferentes da origem (p>0,050). Com as equações publicadas anteriormente, os coeficientes de determinação foram menores e/ou os interceptos foram diferentes da origem.
As equações desenvolvidas neste estudo podem ser usadas para avaliar o %GC das crianças em idade escolar e adolescentes mexicanos, pois têm uma maior validade e menor erro em comparação com as equações publicadas anteriormente.
Infective endocarditis is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. The clinical characteristics differ among populations. Therefore it is important to know the characteristics of the disease in ...our region.
This is an observational study that included all patients diagnosed with infective endocarditis from 1 January 2009 until 31 December 2014. The data are showed as frequencies and percentages altogether with medians with interquartile range.
10 cases were included. The median age was 34 years (IQR 26-41). Several risk factors were identified and included: previous valvular heart disease, patients with chronic kidney disease who have had a vascular access and previous history of immunological disease. The native mitral valve was the most affected. The size of vegetations had a median length of 14 mm (IQR 9.3-16). Streptococcus alpha hemolytic was the most common organism. In-hospital mortality rate was 10 %.
The behavior of the disease is similar to other national series. We identify risk factors that could be related to the type of morbidities in the region.
Uso del pericardio bovino tratado con glutaraldehído Pérez Covarrubias, Diana; Sotres Vega, Avelina; Jasso Victoria, Rogelio ...
Revista del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias,
09/2005, Letnik:
18, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
El uso de las prótesis mecánicas y biológicas surgió de la necesidad de reemplazar quirúrgicamente la falta o la falla de un órgano. Las bioprótesis están hechas a partir de tejido autólogo, homólogo ...y heterólogo. La bioprótesis de pericardio bovino tratada con glutaraldehído es la más estudiada y se utiliza principalmente como bioprótesis cardiaca. Debido a su fácil preparación y uso, este material se ha empleado para reparar defectos hemiarios de la pared abdominal, la pared torácica, de diafragma y para sustituir vasos y tráquea; sin embargo, causa reacción de rechazo y tipo cuerpo extraño, los que han sido estudiados ampliamente para evitarlos. Presentamos una revisión de la literatura sobre el uso y estudio de la bioprótesis de pericardio bovino tratado con glutaraldehído.
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