A prescription is presented for the interpolation between multi-dimensional distribution templates based on one or multiple model parameters. The technique uses a linear combination of templates, ...each created using fixed values of the model׳s parameters and transformed according to a specific procedure, to model a non-linear dependency on model parameters and the dependency between them. By construction the technique scales well with the number of input templates used, which is a useful feature in modern day particle physics, where a large number of templates are often required to model the impact of systematic uncertainties.
Phenylpropanoid volatiles are responsible for the key tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum) aroma attribute termed "smoky." Release of these volatiles from their glycosylated precursors, rather than ...their biosynthesis, is the major determinant of smoky aroma in cultivated tomato. Using a combinatorial omics approach, we identified the NON-SMOKY GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE1 (NSGT1) gene. Expression of NSGT1 is induced during fruit ripening, and the encoded enzyme converts the cleavable diglycosides of the smoky-related phenylpropanoid volatiles into noncleavable triglycosides, thereby preventing their deglycosylation and release from tomato fruit upon tissue disruption. In an nsgt1/nsgt1 background, further glycosylation of phenylpropanoid volatile diglycosides does not occur, thereby enabling their cleavage and the release of corresponding volatiles. Using reverse genetics approaches, the NSGT1-mediated glycosylation was shown to be the molecular mechanism underlying the major quantitative trait locus for smoky aroma. Sensory trials with transgenic fruits, in which the inactive nsgt1 was complemented with the functional NSGT1, showed a significant and perceivable reduction in smoky aroma. NSGT1 may be used in a precision breeding strategy toward development of tomato fruits with distinct flavor phenotypes.
Irrigation surplus is a commonly used strategy in soil grown crops in greenhouses in the European Union. This leads to emissions of both nutrients and plant protection agents, resulting in problems ...with the quality of ground and surface water. New European regulations will be implemented, limiting the amount of nutrients and plant protection agents to be released in the environment. These developments pose a serious challenge - or threat - to commercial growers in Europe. We develop innovative solutions that aim at social, economic and environmental sustainable production systems. These solutions can only be implemented successfully when all stakeholders are involved in the process and show their commitment. An overview of our strategy, actions and projects is presented.
We present an updated measurement of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in neutral B decays with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. This result uses an additional ...sample of Upsilon(4S) decays collected in 2001, bringing the data available to 32 x 10(6) BB macro pairs. We select events in which one neutral B meson is fully reconstructed in a final state containing charmonium and the flavor of the other neutral B meson is determined from its decay products. The amplitude of the CP-violating asymmetry, which in the standard model is proportional to sin2 beta, is derived from the decay time distributions in such events. The result sin2 beta = 0.59+/-0.14(stat)+/-0.05(syst) establishes CP violation in the B(0) meson system. We also determine absolute value of lambda = 0.93+/-0.09(stat)+/-0.03(syst), consistent with no direct CP violation.
Status and prospects of the BaBar SVT Re, V.; Bruinsma, M.; Curry, S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2006, Letnik:
560, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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The
BaBaR Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) has been efficiently operated for five years since the start of data taking in 1999. It has met design requirements and no degradation in its performance has ...been observed thus far. However, because of higher than expected background levels, and anticipated further increases in luminosity and dose rates, we have done a thorough study to assess the viability of operating the SVT until the end of the decade.
Growing strawberries in autumn and spring crop cycle in greenhouses requires a start in the first week of August. Light intensity in this period ensures a good quality of crop with enough flower ...capacity for the spring crop cycle. A disadvantage of this early start is the almost non controllability of the start of harvest in autumn. An early start of harvest results in low prices and a low production. To control this, cooling of the greenhouse is required. Using a greenhouse climate model the effects on greenhouse climate of a number of cooling methods such as mechanical cooling, misting, misting with forced ventilation and insulation of the greenhouse soil were calculated. The most promising solutions were implemented in a greenhouse with four sections of a commercial grower. One section was used as reference. All sections were equipped with a misting system and vertical fans to improve air movement around the crop. The model predicted that the best solution was mechanical cooling in combination with insulation of the soil. Results of the autumn crop showed good agreement of the model calculations with the measured data. A reduction in growing degree hours of more than 10% by beginning of November was achieved. Night time temperature dropped up to 4°C compared with the reference. The start of the harvest was delayed by 10 days. Initially, a higher average fruit weight was achieved, but the overall production was not influenced. The overall energy use of the different treatments was reduced by 30% compared to the standard due to the use of several energy saving techniques.
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