The effect of dressings saturated with either a standardized suspension of probiotic bacteria or saline on healing of traumatic distal limb wounds in horses was evaluated for 24 days, and the ...systemic inflammatory effect was assessed. The wounds were divided in two groups based on the phase of healing: wounds with an incomplete (ICGB) or a complete granulation bed (CGB). The wound area was expressed as percentage of the wound area at day 0 and defined as relative wound area. The mean relative wound area decreased faster in probiotic than saline treated wounds. The difference was most obvious in CGB and increased rapidly from day 0 until day 12 up to 30%, and stabilized around 25% thereafter until the end of the observation period, but it was not statistically significant because of the large variation within the treatment groups. The mean wound area of CGB decreased to 28.4% (range: 6.3 to 49.3) with probiotic and to 51.9% (range: 29.3 to 81.7) with saline treatment at day 24. Additionally, the rate to 50% healing in CGB was 3.4 faster with probiotic compared to saline treatment, whereas in ICGB this was 1.9 faster. Topical probiotics did not increase serum amyloid A and white blood cell counts. Although the mentioned differences were not statistically significant, the clinical relevance of the effect of treatment with probiotics in CGB wounds is clear, supported by the differences in mean wound area in course of time and the time required to reach 50% healing (day 12 for probiotic vs more than day 24 for saline treated wounds). Thus the probiotic treated wounds reached 50% reduction in wound area in half of the time of the saline treated wounds. The topical use of probiotics can be considered as safe as it did not cause a systemic effect.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Vascular pathologies show locational predisposition throughout the body; further insights into the transcriptomics basis of this vascular heterogeneity are needed. We analyzed transcriptomes from ...cultured endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells from nine adult canine macrovessels: the aorta, coronary artery, vena cava, portal vein, femoral artery, femoral vein, saphenous vein, pulmonary vein, and pulmonary artery. We observed that organ-specific expression patterns persist in vitro, indicating that these genes are not regulated by blood flow or surrounding cell types but are likely fixed in the epigenetic memory. We further demonstrated the preserved location-specific expression of GATA4 protein in cultured cells and in the primary adult vessel. On a functional level, arterial and venous endothelial cells differed in vascular network morphology as the arterial networks maintained a higher complexity. Our findings prompt the rethinking of the extrapolation of results from single-origin endothelial cell systems.
Background
Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) of articular process joints (APJs) is involved in cervical vertebral compressive myelopathy (CVM). Biomechanical forces, important in development of OCD, ...depend on joint conformation. Oval and flat APJ surfaces are considered normal.
Objectives
To identify and grade gross shape variation of cervical and cranial thoracic APJ surfaces and determine association with histological evidence of osteochondrosis.
Study design
Case series.
Methods
Eight hundred and four cervical and cranial thoracic APJ surfaces of 30 foals were evaluated for shape(s) and grades, and were correlated with osteochondrosis.
Results
Three top view shapes (oval, pointed, elongated) and seven lateral view shapes (flat, convex, concave, stepped, bevelled, folded edge, raised edge) were regularly encountered. The oval top view shape was most common. Flat and bevelled were the most common lateral view shapes. General shape grade of caudal articular surfaces was significantly higher than of cranial surfaces. The combinations of an oval top view shape and the lateral view shapes folded edge, concave, or flat with additional raised edge and/or folded edge (flat +), were more likely to have OC than oval with convex, bevelled or flat lateral view shapes (normal vs. oval and folded, odds ratio OR 2.49 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.13–5.67; normal vs. oval and flat +, OR 2.77 95% CI 1.15–6.85; oval and convex vs. oval and folded, OR 3.20 95% CI 1.35–8.20; oval and convex vs. oval and flat +, OR 3.56 95% CI 1.43–9.54; oval and bevelled vs. oval and concave, OR 2.02 95% CI 1.14–3.60; oval and bevelled vs. oval and folded, OR 3.50 95% CI 1.91–6.60; oval and bevelled vs. oval and flat +, OR 3.90 95% CI 2.00–7.70).
Main limitations
Most foals (21/30) were less than 1 month old. Lack of observer reliability scores for shape and shape grade.
Conclusion
APJs shape might contribute to CVM by increased likelihood to have OC.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) der Facettengelenke (APJs) ist an der zervikalen Kompressionsmyelopathie (CVM) beteiligt. Die biomechanischen Kräfte, die für die Entwicklung der OCD von Bedeutung sind, hängen von der Gelenkskonformation ab. Ovale und flache APJ‐Oberflächen werden als normal angesehen.
Ziele
Identifizierung und Einstufung von Formveränderungen der zervikalen und kranialen thorakalen APJ‐Oberflächen. Feststellung eines Zusammenhangs mit histologischen Anzeichen von Osteochondrose (OC).
Studiendesign
Fallserie.
Methoden
Zervikale und kraniale thorakale APJ‐Oberflächen (804) von 30 Fohlen wurden nach der Form und dem Grad bewertet und mit der Korrelation einer OC bestimmt.
Resultate
Drei Formen in der Ansicht von Oben (oval, spitz, länglich) und 7 Formen in der Seitenansicht (flach, konvex, konkav, gestuft, abgeschrägt, mit gefaltetem oder erhötem Rand) wurden regelmäßig angetroffen. Die ovale Form in der Ansicht von Oben war am häufigsten. In der Aansicht von der Seite waren flache und abgeschrägte Formen am verbreitetsten. Allgemeinen war der Formgrad der kaudalen Gelenkflächen war deutlich höher als jener der kranialen Flächen. Die Kombination einer ovalen Form in der Ansicht von Oben mit einer konkaven, flachen Form mit gefaltetem und/oder erhöthten Rand (flach +), oder mit gefaltete Rand in derAnsicht von der Seite waren häufiger von OC betroffen als jene mit konvexen, abgeschrägten oder flachen Ansichten von der Seite. Odds Ratio (OR) und 95% Konfidenzintervalle (95% CI) waren wie folgt: OR 2.49 (95% CI 1.13–5.67); normal versus oval und flach +, OR 2. 77 (95% CI 1.15–6.85); oval und konvex versus oval und mit gefaltetem Randt, OR 3.20 (95% CI 1.35–8.20); oval und konvex versus oval und flach +, OR 3.56 (95% CI 1.43–9.54); oval und abgeschrägt versus oval und konkav, OR 2.02 (95% CI 1.14–3.60); oval und abgeschrägt versus oval und mit gefaltetem Rand, OR 3.50 (95% CI 1.91–6.60); oval und abgeschrägt versus oval und flach +, OR 3.90 (95% CI 2.00–7.70).
Wichtigste Einschränkungen
Die meisten Fohlen (21/30) waren jünger als 1 Monat. Mangelnde Zuverlässigkeit der Werte für Form und Formgrad durch einmalige Messung.
Zusammenfassung
Die Form von APJs könnte zur CVM beitragen, indem sie die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer OC‐Entwicklung erhöht.
The COVID-19 pandemic raised concerns that companion animals might be infected with, and could become a reservoir of, SARS-CoV-2. As cats are popular pets and susceptible to Coronavirus, we ...investigated the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in shelter cats housed in Dutch animal shelters during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this large-scale cross-sectional study, serum samples of shelter cats were collected during the second wave of human COVID-19 infections in The Netherlands. Seroprevalence was determined by using an indirect protein-based ELISA validated for cats, and a Virus Neutralization Test (VNT) as confirmation. To screen for feline SARS-CoV-2 shedding, oropharyngeal and rectal swabs of cats positive for ELISA and/or VNT were analyzed using PCR tests. In 28 Dutch animal shelters, 240 shelter cats were convenience sampled. Two of these cats (0.8%; CI 95%: 0.1–3.0%) were seropositive, as evidenced by the presence of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. The seropositive animals tested PCR negative for SARS-CoV-2. Based on the results of this study, it is unlikely that shelter cats could be a reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 or pose a (significant) risk to public health.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the suckling period length (SPL) on weight status among adult cats while taking into account putative risk factors. To this end, the body fat ...percentage of 69 client-owned cats was determined. A body fat percentage of >30% was used for overweight classification. Cat owners were interviewed using a standardised questionnaire to collect information about the SPL, age, breed, sex, feeding amount and frequency, daily playing and outdoor access. SPL was categorized into four groups (0-6, 7-11, 12-16, 17-24 weeks). Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between overweight and SPL after adjusting for identified risk factors. Of the 69 cats, 37 were overweight. The odds for overweight was three times lower in cats with a SPL > 6 weeks (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.10-0.99). This study identified a possible novel, modifiable early life risk factor for overweight in cats; the SPL. The results of this study indicate that allowing cats to nurse longer than 12 weeks might be a simple intervention to improve cat health and welfare.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Background
Chronic low back pain, a leading contributor to disease burden worldwide, is often caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Modic changes (MCs) are MRI signal intensity ...changes due to lesions in vertebral bone marrow adjacent to degenerated IVDs. Only a few studies described the histopathological changes associated with MC to date. MC type 1 is suggested to be associated with bone marrow infiltration of fibrovascular tissue, type 2 with fatty infiltration, and type 3 with bone sclerosis in humans.
Methods
This study investigated whether the dog can be a valuable animal model to research MCs, by examining the prevalence, imaging, and histological characteristics of lumbar MCs in dogs (340 dogs, 2496 spinal segments).
Results
Logistic regression analysis indicated that the presence of lumbosacral MCs was associated with age and disc herniation (annulus fibrosis protrusion and/or nucleus pulposus extrusion). According to MRI analysis, MCs were mostly detected at the lumbosacral junction in dogs. Most signal intensity changes represented MC type 3, while previous spinal surgery seemed to predispose for the development of MC type 1 and 2. Histological analysis (16 dogs, 39 spinal segments) indicated that IVDs with MCs showed more histopathological abnormalities in the endplate and vertebral bone marrow than IVDs without MCs. Mostly chondroid proliferation in the bone marrow was encountered, while the histologic anomalies described in humans associated with MCs, such as fibrovascular or fatty infiltration, were scarcely detected.
Conclusions
Dogs spontaneously develop MCs, but may exhibit other pathological processes or more chronic bone marrow pathologies than humans with MCs. Therefore, more research is needed to determine the translatability of the MCs encountered in dog low‐back‐pain patients.
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection has a major effect on the health of cows and consequently on herd performance. Many countries have implemented control or eradication programs to mitigate ...BVDV infection and its negative effects. These negative effects of BVDV infection on dairy herds are well documented, but there is much less information about the effects of new introduction of BVDV on dairy herds already participating in a BVDV control program. The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of a new BVDV introduction in BVDV-free herds participating in the Dutch BVDV-free program on herd performance. Longitudinal herd-level surveillance data were combined with herd information data to create 4 unique data sets, including a monthly test-day somatic cell count (SCC) data set, annual calving interval (CIV) and culling risk (CR) data sets, and a quarterly calf mortality rate (CMR) data set. Each database contained 2 types of herds: herds that remained BVDV free during the whole study period (defined as free herds), and herds that lost their BVDV-free status during the study period (defined as breakdown herds). The date of losing the BVDV-free status was defined as breakdown date. To compare breakdown herds with free herds, a random breakdown date was artificially generated for free herds by simple random sampling from the distribution of the breakdown month of the breakdown herds. The SCC and CIV before and after a new introduction of BVDV were compared through linear mixed-effects models with a Gaussian distribution, and the CR and CMR were modeled using a negative binomial distribution in generalized linear mixed-effects models. The explanatory variables for all models included herd type, BVDV status, year, and a random herd effect. Herd size was included as an explanatory variable in the SCC, CIV, and CMR model. Season was included as an explanatory variable in the SCC and CMR model. Results showed that free herds have lower SCC, CR, CMR, and shorter CIV than the breakdown herds. Within the breakdown herds, the new BVDV introduction affected the SCC and CMR. In the year after BVDV introduction, the SCC was higher than that in the year before BVDV introduction, with a factor of 1.011 2.5th to 97.5th percentile (95% PCTL): 1.002, 1.020. Compared with the year before BVDV breakdown, the CMR in the year of breakdown and the year after breakdown was higher, with factors of 1.170 (95% PCTL: 1.120; 1.218) and 1.096 (95% PCTL: 1.048; 1.153), respectively. This study reveals that a new introduction of BVDV had a negative but on average relatively small effect on herd performance in herds participating in a BVDV control program.
Highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza viruses (AIV) can spread globally through migratory birds and cause massive outbreaks in commercial poultry. AIV outbreaks have been associated with proximity ...to waterbodies, presence of waterfowl or wild bird cases near poultry farms. In this study, we compared densities of selected HPAI high‐risk wild bird species around 7 locations (H farms) infected with HPAIV H5N8 in the Netherlands in 2016–2017 to densities around 21 non‐infected reference farms. Nine reference farms were in low‐lying water‐rich areas (R‐W) and 12 in higher non‐water‐rich areas (R‐NW). Average monthly numbers/km2 of Eurasian wigeons, tufted ducks, Anatidae (ducks, geese and swans) and Laridae (gulls) were calculated between September and April in rings of 0–1, 1–3, 3–6 and 6–10 km around the farms. Linear mixed model analyses showed generally higher bird densities for H and R‐W compared to R‐NW farms between October and March. This was most striking for Eurasian wigeons, with in peak month December 105 (95% CI:17–642) and 40 (7–214) times higher densities around H and R‐W farms, respectively, compared to R‐NW farms. Increased densities around H farms for Eurasian wigeons and Anatidae were more pronounced for distances up to 10 km compared to 0–1 km that mostly consists of the farm yard, which is an unattractive habitat for waterfowl. This distance effect was not observed in gulls, nor in tufted ducks that live on large open waterbodies which are unlikely to be within 0–1 km of farms. This study provides insights into spatio‐temporal density dynamics of HPAI high‐risk birds around farms and their associations with poultry outbreaks. The outcomes indicate that knowledge of environmental and ecological drivers for wild bird presence and abundance may facilitate identification of priority areas for surveillance and biosecurity measures and decisions on establishments of poultry farms to reduce risk of HPAI outbreaks.
Urinary pH manipulation by therapeutic foods or supplements is part of the treatment for urolithiasis. The effectiveness of these diets and supplements should be studied to determine which of these ...strategies is most effective.
To assess the effect of the oral supplementation of potassium citrate, an ammonium chloride solution (Urical) and two dry therapeutic foods-Hill's® Prescription Diet® u/d® Canine (u/d diet) and Royal Canin® Urinary S/O dog (S/O diet)-on a dog's urinary pH at different time points over 8 h.
Seven healthy adult male research beagle dogs.
A prospective interventional study lasting 31 days. The dogs either received a supplement (potassium citrate or rical) with a dry adult maintenance diet (control diet) or the therapeutic diet (u/d diet or S/O diet). Each treatment had a duration of 2-5 days, with 2- to 4-day washout periods in between. Urinary pH measurements were performed every 2 h between 07h00 and 15h00, with the food being given at 07h00 and 15h00, right after urine collection. The pH measurements obtained in each of the four treatments were compared to control (same dogs fed the control diet exclusively).
When compared to the control diet at the same time points, biologically relevant changes in urinary pH (defined as ≥0.5) were: increase with potassium citrate at 7h00 and 13h00; increase with u/d diet at 9h00, 13h00, and 15h00; decrease with S/O diet at 9h00 and 11h00; Urical did not have a detectable effect on urinary pH.
The present study confirms that therapeutic foods S/O and u/d, and potassium citrate supplement affected acid-base balance in healthy adult male beagle dogs, with the tested diets being more effective than the administered doses of the tested supplements at influencing urinary pH.
Background
Allergen‐specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is an effective therapy for canine atopic dermatitis (cAD). Intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) is potentially beneficial in decreasing time to ...clinical effectiveness.
Objective
To compare clinical efficacy of six monthly ILIT injections combined with three monthly injections of lokivetmab (LVM) with monthly LVM monotherapy at Day (D)168. To monitor dogs treated with ILIT for an additional six months of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).
Animals
Thirty‐six client‐owned dogs with cAD.
Materials and Methods
In this double‐blinded, randomised study, dogs received either six monthly injections of ILIT combined with three monthly LVM injections (ILIT group) or six monthly LVM injections (LVM group). Monthly evaluations with pruritus Visual Analogue Scale (pVAS), Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration (CADESI‐04) and medication scores (MS) were undertaken. Owners completed a Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaire. Treatment success was predefined as ≥50% reduction in pVAS and CADESI‐04 score ≤ 10. After D168, the ILIT group continued with SCIT until subjective assessment at 12 months.
Results
The treatment benchmark at D168 was achieved by 11.1% of the ILIT group and 11.8% of LVM group. A significant decrease in mean pVAS and CADESI scores was observed in both groups (p < 0.001). The ILIT group had a trend towards higher MS compared to LVM. QoL was better in LVM (p = 0.01). At 12 months subjective good‐to‐excellent response in 77.8% of dogs in the ILIT/SCIT group was seen.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance
The efficacy of this ILIT protocol was comparable with LVM monotherapy at six months. When ILIT was continued with SCIT, a favourable response was seen.
Résumé
Contexte
L'immunothérapie spécifique aux allergènes (ASIT) est une thérapeutique efficace pour la dermatite atopique canine (cAD). L'immunothérapie intralymphatique (ILIT) est potentiellement bénéfique pour réduire le délai d’action clinique.
Objectif
Comparer l'efficacité clinique de six injections mensuelles d'ILIT associées à trois injections mensuelles de lokivetmab (LVM) avec une monothérapie mensuelle de LVM au jour (J)168. Évaluer les chiens traités par ILIT durant six mois supplémentaires d'immunothérapie sous‐cutanée (SCIT).
Animaux
Trente‐six chiens de clients souffrant de cAD.
Matériels et méthodes
Dans cette étude randomisée en double aveugle, les chiens reçoivent soit six injections mensuelles d'ILIT combinées à trois injections mensuelles de LVM (groupe ILIT), ou six injections mensuelles de LVM (groupe LVM). Des évaluations mensuelles sont effectuées avec l'échelle visuelle analogique du prurit (pVAS), l'indice d'étendue et de sévérité de la dermatite atopique canine, 4e édition (CADESI‐04) et les scores de traitement (ST). Un questionnaire de qualité de vie (QoL) est également remis. Un succès thérapeutique est défini comme une réduction ≥ 50 % de la pVAS et un score CADESI‐04 ≤ 10. Après J168, le groupe ILIT poursuit avec le protocole SCIT jusqu'à l'évaluation subjective à 12 mois
Résultats
Le repère thérapeutique à J168 est atteint par 11,1% des chiens du groupe ILIT et 11,8% du groupe LVM. Une diminution significative des scores pVAS et CADESI moyens est observée dans les deux groupes (p < 0,001). Le groupe ILIT avait une tendance à un ST plus élevé par comparaison au LVM. La qualité de vie était meilleure pour le groupe LVM (p = 0,01). À 12 mois, une réponse subjective bonne à excellente chez 77,8 % des chiens du groupe ILIT/SCIT a été observée.
Conclusion et pertinence clinique
L'efficacité de ce protocole ILIT est comparable à la monothérapie LVM à six mois. Lorsque ILIT est poursuivi avec SCIT, une réponse favorable est observée.
Resumen
Introducción
la inmunoterapia específica para alérgenos (ASIT) es una terapia eficaz para la dermatitis atópica canina (cAD). La inmunoterapia intralinfática (ILIT) es potencialmente beneficiosa para disminuir el tiempo hasta la efectividad clínica.
Objetivo
comparar la eficacia clínica de seis inyecciones mensuales de ILIT combinadas con tres inyecciones mensuales de lokivetmab (LVM) con monoterapia mensual de LVM en el día (D)168. Monitorear perros tratados con ILIT durante seis meses adicionales de inmunoterapia subcutánea (SCIT).
Animales
Treinta y seis perros de propietarios particulares con AD.
Materiales y métodos
en este estudio al azar, doble ciego, los perros recibieron seis inyecciones mensuales de ILIT combinadas con tres inyecciones mensuales de LVM (grupo ILIT) o seis inyecciones mensuales de LVM (grupo LVM). Se realizaron evaluaciones mensuales con Escala Visual Análoga de Prurito (pVAS), Índice de Severidad y Extensión de Dermatitis Atópica Canina, cuarta revisión (CADESI‐04) y valores de medicación (MS). También se administró un cuestionario de calidad de vida (QoL). El éxito se predefinió como una reducción de ≥50 % en pVAS y una puntuación de CADESI‐04 ≤10. Después de D168, el grupo ILIT continuó con SCIT hasta la evaluación subjetiva a los 12 meses.
Resultados
El punto de referencia del tratamiento en D168 fue alcanzado por el 11,1 % del grupo ILIT y el 11,8 % del grupo LVM. Se observó una disminución significativa en las puntuaciones medias de pVAS y CADESI en ambos grupos (p < 0,001). El grupo ILIT tuvo una tendencia hacia una mayor MS en comparación con LVM. QoL fue mejor en el grupo LVM (p = 0,01). A los 12 meses se observó una respuesta subjetiva de buena a excelente en el 77,8 % de los perros del grupo ILIT/SCIT.
Conclusión y relevancia clínica
la eficacia de este protocolo ILIT fue comparable con la monoterapia con LVM a los seis meses. Cuando ILIT se continuó con SCIT, se observó una respuesta favorable.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Allergen‐spezifische Immuntherapie (ASIT) ist eine wirksame Therapie für die atopische Dermatitis (cAD) des Hundes. Die intralymphatische Immuntherapie (ILIT) ist möglicherweise nützlich, um die Zeit bis zur klinischen Wirksamkeit zu reduzieren.
Ziel
Ein Vergleich der klinischen Wirksamkeit von ILIT‐Injektionen alle sechs Monate in Kombination mit Injektionen von Lokivetmab (LVM) alle drei Monate mit monatlicher LVM Monotherapie am Tag (D) 168. Das Ziel war es, Hunde, die mit ILIT behandelt worden waren, für weitere sechs Monate, während sie eine subkutane Immuntherapie (SCIT) erhielten, zu beobachten.
Tiere
Sechsunddreißig Hunde mit cAD, die in Privatbesitz waren.
Materialien und Methoden
In dieser doppelt‐blinden, randomisierten Studie, erhielten Hunde entweder alle sechs Monate Injektionen von ILIT in Kombination mit LVM‐Injektionen alle drei Monate (ILIT Gruppe) oder LVM Injektionen alle sechs Monate (LVM Gruppe). Es wurden monatliche Evaluierungen mittels Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (pVAS), Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4. Ausgabe (CADESI‐04) und medizinische Bewertungen (MS) durchgeführt. Ebenso wurde ein Fragebogen zur Lebensqualität (QoL) eingesetzt. Erfolg wurde vorab definiert als ≥ 50% Reduzierung der pVAS und CADESI‐04 Werte ≤ 10. Nach dem D168 wurde die ILIT Gruppe mit SCIT bis zu einer subjektiven Bewertung nach 12 Monaten fortgeführt.
Ergebnisse
Der festgelegte Maßstab der Behandlung am D168 wurde von 11,1% der ILIT Gruppe und 11,8% der LVM Gruppe erreicht. Eine signifikante Abnahme der durchschnittlichen pVAS und CADESI Werte wurde in beiden Gruppen beobachtet (p < 0,001). Die ILIT Gruppe zeigte im Vergleich zu LVM einen Trend zu höheren MS. QoL war bei der LVM Gruppe besser (p = 0,01). Nach 12 Monaten wurde eine subjektive gute‐bis‐exzellente Antwort bei 77,8% der Hunde in der ILIT/SCIT Gruppe gesehen.
Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Bedeutung
Die Wirksamkeit des ILIT Protokolls war nach sechs Monaten mit einer LVM Monotherapie vergleichbar. Wenn die ILIT mit SCIT weitergeführt wurde, konnte eine günstige Antwort gesehen werden.
要約
背景
アレルゲン特異的免疫療法(ASIT)は、犬アトピー性皮膚炎(cAD)に対して有効な治療法である。また、リンパ内免疫療法(ILIT)は，臨床効果発現までの時間を短縮する効果が期待される。
目的
本研究の目的は、ILIT月6回注射とlokivetmab月3回注射を併用した場合の臨床効果をlokivetmab月1回注射と168日後に比較することであった。ILITで治療した犬を、さらに6ヶ月間の皮下免疫療法(SCIT)でモニターすること。
供試動物
cADを有するオーナー所有犬36頭。
材料と方法
この二重盲検無作為化試験において、犬はILITの月6回の注射と月3回のLVM注射の併用(ILIT群)または月6回のlokivetmab注射(LVM群)のいずれかを受けた。毎月、痒みのVisual Analog Scale(pVAS)、Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration(CADESI‐04)、投薬スコア(MS)で評価した。また、QoL(Quality of Life)質問票も実施された。成功は、pVASが50%以上減少し、CADESI‐04のスコアが10以下であることと定義された。168日以降、ILIT群は12ヶ月後の主観的評価までSCITを継続した
結果
168日後の治療基準は、ILIT群11.1%、LVM群11.8%が達成した。両群とも平均pVASスコアおよびCADESIスコアの有意な低下が認められた(p < 0.001)。ILIT群はLVM群と比較してMSが高い傾向にあった。QOLはLVM群で良好であった(p = 0.01)。12ヶ月後、ILIT/SCIT群の77.8%の犬で主観的な良〜優の反応が見られた。
結論と臨床的関連性
このILITプロトコルの有効性は、6カ月時点でLVM単剤療法と同等であった。ILITをSCITで継続した場合、良好な反応が見られた。
摘要
背景
过敏原特异性免疫疗法(ASIT)是治疗犬特应性皮炎(cAD)的有效方法。淋巴结内免疫疗法(ILIT)可能有助于缩短临床疗效。
目的
比较6个月ILIT注射联合3个月洛基韦单抗(LVM)注射，与每月LVM单药治疗在第168天的临床疗效。监测接受ILIT治疗的犬额外六个月的皮下免疫疗法(SCIT)。
动物
36只客户饲养的cAD患犬。
材料和方法
在这项双盲随机研究中，犬接受了六个月的ILIT注射，并结合三个月的LVM注射(ILIT组)或六个月的LV注射(LVM组)。采用瘙痒视觉模拟量表(pVAS)、犬特应性皮炎程度和严重程度指数第4次迭代(CADESI‐04)和药物评分(MS)进行每月评估。还进行了生活质量(QoL)问卷调查。成功率预先定义为pVAS降低≥50%，CADESI‐04评分≤10。D168后，ILIT组继续进行SCIT，直到12个月时进行主观评估
结果
ILIT组11.1%和LVM组11.8%的患犬在D168达到了治疗基准。两组患者的平均pVAS和CADESI评分均显著下降(p<0.001)。与LVM相比，ILIT组有MS升高的趋势。LVM的生活质量更好(p=0.01)。在12个月时，ILIT/SCIT组77.8%的犬的主观性反应达到良好至极好。
结论和临床相关性
此ILIT方案在6个月时的疗效与LVM单药治疗相当。当继续进行ILIT和SCIT时，可以看到有利的反应。
Resumo
Contexto
A imunoterapia alérgeno‐específica (ASIT) é uma terapia eficaz para a dermatite atópica canina (cAD). A imunoterapia intralinfática (ILIT) é potencialmente benéfica na diminuição do tempo de eficácia clínica.
Objetivo
Comparar a eficácia clínica de seis injeções mensais de ILIT combinadas com três injeções mensais de lokivetmab (LVM) com LVM mensal em monoterapia no Dia (D)168. Monitorar cães tratados com ILIT por mais seis meses de imunoterapia subcutânea (SCIT).
Animais
Trinta e seis cães de clientes com DAC.
Materiais e Métodos
Neste estudo randomizado, duplo‐cego, os cães receberam injeções mensais de ILIT durante seis meses combinadas com três injeções mensais de L
PDF
