Summary
Wireless communication has been adapted for a variety of difficulties as a result of recent developments in sensor networks. The sensors are meant to communicate with network nodes located at ...a distance and to adapt to various conditions. In addition, Internet of Things (IoT) devices are becoming a part of WSN and are being tailored to various healthcare systems. Nonetheless, the presence of massive nodes and rogue nodes makes transmitting data packets difficult. The procedure, however, confronts a number of obstacles, including data security, continuous monitoring, and routing issues. A variety of ideas are explored to help with the situation, but they all have flaws. A network statistics‐based routing and path orient data encryption system has been developed to address this problem (NSR‐PDE). The strategy focuses on keeping track on patients and providing strong, decisive support systems. The model is created to access data stored on cloud servers and allows for the monitoring of multiple patients in different locations. The model begins by monitoring the whole bodily states of patients in real time using dedicated equipment. Such monitored characteristics are provided over a variety of channels, with route selection based on the patient's class and the type of information being transmitted. The approach calculates the network constraint secure route measure (NCSRM), which is calculated using route information, node behavior, and physical attributes. Similarly, data transmission is protected by path orient data encryption (PDE), which ensures data security according on the route's type and conditions.
In this study, we present the findings of a data security and healthcare monitoring project using WSN and a novel network statistic routing and path orient data encryption technique for efficient healthcare monitoring. This model monitors the patient and sends various parameters to a cloud‐based data server, which detects routes and computes the value of a node‐centric secure route measure based on the presence of IoT devices and sensor nodes. The proposed method achieves superior performance in healthcare monitoring and recommendation generating while requiring less time and effort.
Redox flow batteries are receiving wide attention for electrochemical energy storage due to their unique architecture and advantages, but progress has so far been limited by their low energy density ...(~25 Wh l(-1)). Here we report a high-energy density aqueous zinc-polyiodide flow battery. Using the highly soluble iodide/triiodide redox couple, a discharge energy density of 167 Wh l(-1) is demonstrated with a near-neutral 5.0 M ZnI2 electrolyte. Nuclear magnetic resonance study and density functional theory-based simulation along with flow test data indicate that the addition of an alcohol (ethanol) induces ligand formation between oxygen on the hydroxyl group and the zinc ions, which expands the stable electrolyte temperature window to from -20 to 50 °C, while ameliorating the zinc dendrite. With the high-energy density and its benign nature free from strong acids and corrosive components, zinc-polyiodide flow battery is a promising candidate for various energy storage applications.
Global trends in esophageal cancer Malhotra, Gautam K.; Yanala, Ujwal; Ravipati, Advaitaa ...
Journal of surgical oncology,
April 1, 2017, Letnik:
115, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Esophageal Cancer (EC) is a lethal malignancy with poor prognosis and significant variations in the incidence, mortality, and histopathology based on geographic regions. The ...aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze these variations to identify patterns and areas for further research.
METHODS
We utilized the GLOBOCAN 2012, and Cancer Incidence in five Continents, Volume X (CI5X) database to analyze variations in EC incidence and mortality.
RESULTS
We found the EC incidence and mortality is geographically varied with a particularly high burden in East Asia and Eastern/Southern Africa where esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) predominates over adenocarcinoma (AC). Interestingly, there is a dichotomy between the high incidence of esophageal SCC in East Africa and low incidence in West Africa. The global incidence and mortality from EC is expected to rise in the coming decades. Asia, and China in particular, will continue to be the areas most burdened by EC, while Africa is expected to surpass the incidence and mortality rates of Europe.
CONCLUSIONS
The global burden of EC is expected to rise in the coming years. Understanding the geographic, environmental, and genetic contributors to the development of EC will be essential in combating its prevalence.
Nanoparticles have plenty of active sites in each particle and short travel distance for photoexcitons proved to be beneficial characteristics for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Noble metal (Au, ...Ag, Pt, Pd, Ru, and Rh) attached with semiconductor photocatalyst displayed plasmonic oscillations results in localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect and schottky junction formed to pump the photoelectrons to surface for reactions. Literature reports evidenced that the choice of synthesis method and experimental conditions directly affects the catalytic and optical properties. Hence, this review discusses comprehensive information on chemical methods reported for the preparation of plasmonic photocatalyst that resulted in co-catalyst and visible light sensitizer properties. Recent developments and achievements on plasmonic photocatalyst for hydrogen production in pure water and sacrificial agent containing water are discussed and highlighted.
•Effective control of charge carrier injection and extraction on metal oxide photocatalysts.•Preparative methods for synthesis of noble metal and metal oxide-based nanocomposites.•Photocatalysts design concepts using noble metal as co-catalyst and visible light sensitizer.•Size effects of noble metal on two types of interaction between metal and metal oxides.•Present status and future directions on photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Depletion of non-renewable energy sources are at elevated manner due to the rapid growth of industrialization and transportation sector in last few decades and leads to further energy demand. ...Biodiesels especially second-generation fuels from non-edible oil resources are alternate sources for replacement of diesel fuel in CI engines due to their considerable environmental benefits. In the present work, non-edible feedstock of Calophyllum inophyllum seed oil (tamanu oil) is used for biodiesel production. Transesterification method is used for preparation of biodiesel in the existence of methanol with NaOH as catalyst. The copper nanoparticles are synthesized by electrochemical method, and it is characterized by using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD and SEM results confirm the presence of copper nanoparticle and size of around 30 nm. This paper aims to investigate the effects of the copper additive nanoparticles with biodiesel blends on the engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics of single-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine and compared that with diesel fuel. The results showed that the addition of nano-additives enhances brake thermal efficiency and reduces specific fuel consumption compared to biodiesel blends but slightly lower than diesel. Combustion characteristics also are enhanced by improved oxidation reaction inside the combustion chamber which resulted in higher heat release rate. The emissions of HC, NO
x
and O
2
are significantly reduced for nano-additive blends compared to diesel but increased CO
2
emission was observed. It is noticed that higher CO
2
emission and substantial reduction of unused O
2
emissions from engine fueled with nano-additive are evident for enhanced oxidation and better combustion. Energy and exergy analysis of the diesel engine is carried out to estimate the effect of using nanoparticle additive with biodiesel.
The all‐vanadium redox flow battery is a promising technology for large‐scale renewable and grid energy storage, but is limited by the low energy density and poor stability of the vanadium ...electrolyte solutions. A new vanadium redox flow battery with a significant improvement over the current technology is reported in this paper. This battery uses sulfate‐chloride mixed electrolytes, which are capable of dissolving 2.5 M vanadium, representing about a 70% increase in energy capacity over the current sulfate system. More importantly, the new electrolyte remains stable over a wide temperature range of −5 to 50 °C, potentially eliminating the need for electrolyte temperature control in practical applications. This development would lead to a significant reduction in the cost of energy storage, thus accelerating its market penetration.
A new vanadium redox flow battery has been developed. This battery uses sulfate‐chloride mixed electrolytes, which are capable of dissolving 2.5 M vanadium, representing about a 70% increase in energy capacity over the current sulfate system. More importantly, the new electrolyte remains stable over a wide temperature range of −5 to 50 °C, potentially eliminating the need for electrolyte temperature control in practical applications.
The ability to predict the solubility and stability of lithium polysulfide is vital in realizing longer lasting lithium-sulfur batteries. Herein we report combined experimental and computational ...analyses to understand the dissolution mechanism of lithium polysulfide species in an aprotic solvent medium. Multinuclear NMR, variable temperature ESR and sulfur K-edge XAS analyses reveal that the lithium exchange between polysulfide species and solvent molecules constitutes the first step in the dissolution process. Lithium exchange leads to de-lithiated polysulfide ions (Sn(2-)) which subsequently form highly reactive free radicals through dissociation reaction (Sn(2-) → 2Sn/2˙(-)). The energy required for the dissociation and possible dimer formation reactions of the polysulfide species is analyzed using density functional theory (DFT) based calculations. Based on these findings, we discuss approaches to optimize the electrolyte in order to control the polysulfide solubility.
Nonaqueous redox flow batteries are emerging flow‐based energy storage technologies that have the potential for higher energy densities than their aqueous counterparts because of their wider voltage ...windows. However, their performance has lagged far behind their inherent capability due to one major limitation of low solubility of the redox species. Here, a molecular structure engineering strategy towards high performance nonaqueous electrolyte is reported with significantly increased solubility. Its performance outweighs that of the state‐of‐the‐art nonaqueous redox flow batteries. In particular, an ionic‐derivatized ferrocene compound is designed and synthesized that has more than 20 times increased solubility in the supporting electrolyte. The solvation chemistry of the modified ferrocene compound. Electrochemical cycling testing in a hybrid lithium–organic redox flow battery using the as‐synthesized ionic‐derivatized ferrocene as the catholyte active material demonstrates that the incorporation of the ionic‐charged pendant significantly improves the system energy density. When coupled with a lithium‐graphite hybrid anode, the hybrid flow battery exhibits a cell voltage of 3.49 V, energy density about 50 Wh L−1, and energy efficiency over 75%. These results reveal a generic design route towards high performance nonaqueous electrolyte by rational functionalization of the organic redox species with selective ligand.
A viable strategy to design a high‐performance nonaqueous electrolyte using molecular structure engineering is demonstrated. A high electroactive material concentration of 0.8 M is obtained by derivatizing pristine ferrocene into an ionic charged form. The flow cell delivers an energy density as high as 50 Wh L−1 and energy efficiency of >75%.
India has a rich tradition of plant-based knowledge on healthcare. A large number of plants/plant extracts/decoctions or pastes are equally used by tribals and folklore traditions in India for ...treatment of cuts, wounds, and burns. The present review thus attempts to analyze the ethnobotanical knowledge base for treatment of cuts and wounds which includes a usage of plants, methods employed by tribals and folklore practices prevailing in India. Pharmacological reports available on Indian medicinal plants employing various wound healing models and its underlying molecular mechanism, wherever available, has also been briefly reviewed. This pharmacological validation on Indian medicinal plants is very limited and a large number of plants used in tribal and folklore with enormous potential have not been validated for their wound healing activity. This review therefore attempts to bridge the lacunae in the existing literature and offers immense scope for researchers engaged in validation of the traditional claims and development of safe and effective and globally accepted herbal drugs for cuts and wounds.
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