We construct a spectral representation of neutrino propagator in moving matter or in external magnetic field. In both cases there exists fixed four-dimensional axis of polarization, such that the ...corresponding spin projectors commute with propagator. As a result, all eigenvalues of propagator and, consequently, dispersion laws for neutrino in media are classified according to spin projection onto this axis. Use of the found spin projectors simplifies essentially the eigenvalue problem and allows to build spectral representation of propagator in moving matter or external magnetic field in analogy with the vacuum propagator.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Women are under-represented in HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) studies. Guidelines for selection of ART as initial therapy in patients with HIV-1 infection do not contain sex-specific treatment. We ...aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of the single tablet integrase inhibitor regimen containing elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate compared with a boosted protease inhibitor regimen of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir with emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
In this international, randomised, controlled, double-blind, phase 3 study (Women AntiretroViral Efficacy and Safety study WAVES), we recruited treatment-naive HIV-infected women with an estimated creatinine clearance of 70 mL/min or higher from 80 centres in 11 countries. Women were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (integrase inhibitor regimen) or ritonavir-boosted atazanavir with emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (protease inhibitor based regimen); regimens were masked with matching placebos. Randomisation was done by a computer-generated allocation sequence (block size four) and was stratified by HIV-1 RNA viral load and race. Investigators, patients, study staff, and those assessing outcomes were masked to treatment group. All participants who received one dose of study drug were included in the primary efficacy and safety analyses. The main outcome was the proportion of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL at week 48 as defined by US Food and Drug Administration snapshot algorithm (prespecified non-inferiority margin of 12%). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01705574.
Between Nov 28, 2012, and March 12, 2014, 575 women were enrolled. 289 were randomly assigned to receive the integrase inhibitor regimen and 286 to receive the protease inhibitor based regimen. 252 (87%) women in the integrase inhibitor group had plasma HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL at week 48 compared with 231 (81%) women in the protease inhibitor group (adjusted difference 6·5%; 95% CI 0·4-12·6). No participant had virological failure with resistance in the integrase inhibitor group compared with three participants (1%; all Met184Val/Ile) in the protease inhibitor group. 19 women in the protease inhibitor group discontinued because of adverse events compared with five in the integrase inhibitor group.
WAVES shows that clinical trials of ART regimens in global and diverse populations of treatment-naive women are possible. The findings support guidelines recommending integrase inhibitor based regimens in first-line antiretroviral therapy.
Gilead Sciences.
Myxobolus miyairii Kudo, 1919 was first reported from the intestines of the Amur catfish (Silurus asotus) in Japan and then in China and Russia, but with incomplete description. During the ...investigation of fish myxosporean diversity in Poyang Lake, the biggest lake along the Yangtze River, China, two Amur catfish highly infected with M. miyairii in the intestine wall were sampled. So, the complete description of this species with morphological and molecular data was presented here. A large number of whitish, round or ellipsoidal pseudocysts 0.32–0.78 mm in diameter could be found in the external intestinal wall after dissecting the infected fish. Mature spores of M. miyairii were elongated and ellipsoidal in the frontal view and narrow fusiform in the lateral view, with a slightly pointed anterior end and a bluntly rounded posterior end and measured 13.3 ± 0.49 (12.5–14.7) μm × 6.6 ± 0.27 (6.2–7.4) μm × 5.0 ± 0.26 (4.4–5.7) μm in size. Spore surface was smooth and two spore valves symmetrical, with a thin and straight sutural ridge. Interestingly, two types of caudal appendage (single or bifurcated) were occasionally present on the posterior end of some spores which has not previously been reported. The two equal pyriform polar capsules measured 6.5 ± 0.30 (6.2–7.5) μm long and 1.9 ± 0.14 (1.5–2.3) μm wide and situated at the anterior end of the spore. Polar filaments coiled with eight to nine turns, perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the polar capsules. Histopathological analysis showed that the plasmodium developed in the circular muscle layer of intestinal wall of Amur catfish, but no obvious inflammatory responses were observed. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial 18S small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences indicates that M. miyairii cluster within a clade of Siluriforme-infecting Henneguya species with the support of a high bootstrap value, but also evolutionarily independent from the Henneguya clade infecting the epithelium of fish of the Ictaluridae family. Additionally, Myxobolus species reported with caudal processes dispersed within the Henneguya-Myxobolus clade.
We present the status of research and development of a new highly efficient liquid scintillator based on linear alkylbenzene and organosilicon scintillation fluor, so called NOL (Nanostructured ...Organosilicon Luminophore). The measurements of the emission kinetics under irradiation by gamma-quanta and alpha-particles were performed. The results of long term stability measurements are decribed.
The spectral representation for the neutrino propagator in moving matter with a constant density has been derived. It has been found that matter includes a four-dimensional axis of complete ...polarization and all poles of the propagator are classified in terms of the projection of the spin on this axis.
At the Baksan Neutrino Observatory (Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow) deployed in the Caucasus mountains, it is proposed to create, at a depth corresponding ...to about 4700 mwe (meter water equivalent), a large-volume neutrino detector on the basis of a liquid scintillator with a target mass of 10 kt. This article describes the current state of the first stage of the project, namely a prototype detector with a scintillator mass of 0.5 t. The design of the detector, the equipment and methods used are described.
Some results of studies of cosmic rays obtained during the NUCLEON space experiment in 2015–2017 are presented. This experiment was intended for direct measurements of the energy spectra and chemical ...composition of cosmic rays (
Z
= 1−30) in the energy range 2–500 TeV. Results presented include energy spectra for various abundant nuclei measured using the new Kinematic Lightweight Energy Meter (KLEM). The primary energies are established using the spatial densities of secondary particles produced in inelastic interactions with a carbon target.
The article reports on the current status of the Baksan Large Neutrino Telescope project and describes some selective results of the first stage of the project, a detector prototype with a liquid ...scintillator mass of 0.5 tons. The results of the second stage of the project, a prototype with liquid scintillator mass of 5 tons, and project prospects also presented.
The article provides a rationale for a way of increasing the efficiency of the engine post-launch by transferring it to the "free acceleration-coasting" operating mode. The method allows to download ...the coupling and engine parts by means of inertial forces arising while working on non-braking unsteady speed modes, which significantly increases the efficiency of the post-start heating of internal combustion engines in relation to the steady-state idling. A comparative assessment of the run-out of parts of the main details of the major coupling of the ZMZ-4062.10 gasoline engine during the start-up period in the dynamic capacity mode and at idling is given. It remains completely acceptable and by no means can be considered threatening. It is worth noting that the application of the method is accompanied by an increase in efficiency due to the reduction of the warm-up time and fuel consumption, which makes it reasonable to consider it acceptable for use in automobile operation conditions.
Current Status of the Baksan Large Neutrino Telescope Lukanov, A. D.; Voronin, D. M.; Fazliakhmetov, A. N. ...
Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics,
07/2023, Letnik:
87, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The current state of the Baksan Large Neutrino Telescope project is reviewed. Selected results are presented from the first stage of the project, a prototype detector with a liquid scintillator ...weighing 0.5 tons. Results from the second stage of the project, a prototype with a liquid scintillator having a mass of five tons, are described along with prospects for the project.
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