Gaia Early Data Release 3 Carrasco, J. M.; Cooper, W. J.; Brown, A. G. A. ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
05/2021, Letnik:
649
Journal Article, Web Resource
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Aims.
We produce a clean and well-characterised catalogue of objects within 100 pc of the Sun from the
Gaia
Early Data Release 3. We characterise the catalogue through comparisons to the full data ...release, external catalogues, and simulations. We carry out a first analysis of the science that is possible with this sample to demonstrate its potential and best practices for its use.
Methods.
Theselection of objects within 100 pc from the full catalogue used selected training sets, machine-learning procedures, astrometric quantities, and solution quality indicators to determine a probability that the astrometric solution is reliable. The training set construction exploited the astrometric data, quality flags, and external photometry. For all candidates we calculated distance posterior probability densities using Bayesian procedures and mock catalogues to define priors. Any object with reliable astrometry and a non-zero probability of being within 100 pc is included in the catalogue.
Results.
We have produced a catalogue of 331 312 objects that we estimate contains at least 92% of stars of stellar type M9 within 100 pc of the Sun. We estimate that 9% of the stars in this catalogue probably lie outside 100 pc, but when the distance probability function is used, a correct treatment of this contamination is possible. We produced luminosity functions with a high signal-to-noise ratio for the main-sequence stars, giants, and white dwarfs. We examined in detail the Hyades cluster, the white dwarf population, and wide-binary systems and produced candidate lists for all three samples. We detected local manifestations of several streams, superclusters, and halo objects, in which we identified 12 members of
Gaia
Enceladus. We present the first direct parallaxes of five objects in multiple systems within 10 pc of the Sun.
Conclusions.
We provide the community with a large, well-characterised catalogue of objects in the solar neighbourhood. This is a primary benchmark for measuring and understanding fundamental parameters and descriptive functions in astronomy.
The present paper presents a comprehensive method for the structural design and verification of a floater, accounting for both ultimate limit state (ULS) and fatigue limit state (FLS). Three software ...are properly combined, a 3D Finite Element Method (FEM) solver, a coupled time domain hydro-servo-aero-elastic tool and a frequency domain hydrodynamic solver. The detailed analysis is performed in the 3D FEM solver through static load cases for ULS and frequency domain stochastic analysis for FLS, while the other tools provide the environmental excitation. The method is used for the detailed design and verification of the INNWIND 10MW tri-spar concrete floater that is assessed in terms of capacity ratios (for ULS) and damage ratios (for FLS), estimated at the most critical connecting positions.
Gaia Data Release 3 Montegriffo, P.; Frémat, Y.; Garabato, D. ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
06/2023, Letnik:
674
Journal Article, Web Resource
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Gaia
Data Release 3 provides novel flux-calibrated low-resolution spectrophotometry for ≃220 million sources in the wavelength range 330 nm ≤
λ
≤ 1050 nm (XP spectra). Synthetic photometry directly ...tied to a flux in physical units can be obtained from these spectra for any passband fully enclosed in this wavelength range. We describe how synthetic photometry can be obtained from XP spectra, illustrating the performance that can be achieved under a range of different conditions – for example passband width and wavelength range – as well as the limits and the problems affecting it. Existing top-quality photometry can be reproduced within a few per cent over a wide range of magnitudes and colour, for wide and medium bands, and with up to millimag accuracy when synthetic photometry is standardised with respect to these external sources. Some examples of potential scientific application are presented, including the detection of multiple populations in globular clusters, the estimation of metallicity extended to the very metal-poor regime, and the classification of white dwarfs. A catalogue providing standardised photometry for ≃2.2 × 10
8
sources in several wide bands of widely used photometric systems is provided (
Gaia
Synthetic Photometry Catalogue; GSPC) as well as a catalogue of ≃10
5
white dwarfs with DA/non-DA classification obtained with a Random Forest algorithm (
Gaia
Synthetic Photometry Catalogue for White Dwarfs; GSPC-WD).
Gaia Data Release 2 Seabroke, G. M.; Babusiaux, C.; Evans, D. W. ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
08/2018, Letnik:
616, Številka:
A11
Journal Article, Web Resource
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Context.
The second
Gaia
data release (
Gaia
DR2) contains high-precision positions, parallaxes, and proper motions for 1.3 billion sources as well as line-of-sight velocities for 7.2 million stars ...brighter than
G
RVS
= 12 mag. Both samples provide a full sky coverage.
Aims.
To illustrate the potential of
Gaia
DR2, we provide a first look at the kinematics of the Milky Way disc, within a radius of several kiloparsecs around the Sun.
Methods.
We benefit for the first time from a sample of 6.4 million F-G-K stars with full 6D phase-space coordinates, precise parallaxes (
σ
ϖ
∕
ϖ
≤ 20%), and precise Galactic cylindrical velocities (median uncertainties of 0.9-1.4 km s
-1
and 20% of the stars with uncertainties smaller than 1 km s
-1
on all three components). From this sample, we extracted a sub-sample of 3.2 million giant stars to map the velocity field of the Galactic disc from ~5 kpc to ~13 kpc from the Galactic centre and up to 2 kpc above and below the plane. We also study the distribution of 0.3 million solar neighbourhood stars (
r
< 200 pc), with median velocity uncertainties of 0.4 km s
-1
, in velocity space and use the full sample to examine how the over-densities evolve in more distant regions.
Results. Gaia
DR2 allows us to draw 3D maps of the Galactocentric median velocities and velocity dispersions with unprecedented accuracy, precision, and spatial resolution. The maps show the complexity and richness of the velocity field of the galactic disc. We observe streaming motions in all the components of the velocities as well as patterns in the velocity dispersions. For example, we confirm the previously reported negative and positive galactocentric radial velocity gradients in the inner and outer disc, respectively. Here, we see them as part of a non-axisymmetric kinematic oscillation, and we map its azimuthal and vertical behaviour. We also witness a new global arrangement of stars in the velocity plane of the solar neighbourhood and in distant regions in which stars are organised in thin substructures with the shape of circular arches that are oriented approximately along the horizontal direction in the
U
−
V
plane. Moreover, in distant regions, we see variations in the velocity substructures more clearly than ever before, in particular, variations in the velocity of the Hercules stream.
Conclusions. Gaia
DR2 provides the largest existing full 6D phase-space coordinates catalogue. It also vastly increases the number of available distances and transverse velocities with respect to
Gaia
DR1.
Gaia
DR2 offers a great wealth of information on the Milky Way and reveals clear non-axisymmetric kinematic signatures within the Galactic disc, for instance. It is now up to the astronomical community to explore its full potential.
Summary
Tumor programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is associated with inferior outcomes. The first‐line immunologically‐replete setting may be an ...opportune time for PD‐1 inhibition. We evaluated pembrolizumab in combination with R‐CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) in untreated patients with DLBCL. Eligible patients were age 18 or older, had adequate organ function, and had DLBCL requiring full‐course therapy. Patients received pembrolizumab 200 mg/cycle with R‐CHOP, primarily to assess toxicity. Response assessment utilized standard criteria, and PD‐L1 staining was performed at a validated central laboratory. Among 30 patients, toxicity was comparable to standard R‐CHOP but with two grade ≥3 immune related adverse events (rash, pneumonitis). The overall and complete response rate was 90% and 77%. With 25·5 months of median follow‐up, 2‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) is 83%. PD‐L1 expression was associated with non‐GCB subtype, and improved PFS and survival. Pembrolizumab can safely be added to R‐CHOP, and is associated with a high CR rate and 2‐year PFS. Improved PFS with PR‐CHOP in PD‐L1 expressing tumors contradicts historical data in R‐CHOP treated patients, supporting evaluation of PD‐L1 as a biomarker to identify DLBCL patients who may benefit from this first‐line strategy.
Gaia Data Release 3 de Laverny, P.; Spagna, A.; Vallenari, A. ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
06/2023, Letnik:
674
Journal Article, Web Resource
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Context.
The motion of stars has been used to reveal details of the complex history of the Milky Way, in constant interaction with its environment. Nevertheless, to reconstruct the Galactic history ...puzzle in its entirety, the chemo-physical characterisation of stars is essential. Previous
Gaia
data releases were supported by a smaller, heterogeneous, and spatially biased mixture of chemical data from ground-based observations.
Aims.
Gaia
Data Release 3 opens a new era of all-sky spectral analysis of stellar populations thanks to the nearly 5.6 million stars observed by the Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) and parametrised by the GSP-Spec module. In this work, we aim to demonstrate the scientific quality of
Gaia
’s Milky Way chemical cartography through a chemo-dynamical analysis of disc and halo populations.
Methods.
Stellar atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances provided by
Gaia
DR3 spectroscopy are combined with DR3 radial velocities and EDR3 astrometry to analyse the relationships between chemistry and Milky Way structure, stellar kinematics, and orbital parameters.
Results.
The all-sky
Gaia
chemical cartography allows a powerful and precise chemo-dynamical view of the Milky Way with unprecedented spatial coverage and statistical robustness. First, it reveals the strong vertical symmetry of the Galaxy and the flared structure of the disc. Second, the observed kinematic disturbances of the disc – seen as phase space correlations – and kinematic or orbital substructures are associated with chemical patterns that favour stars with enhanced metallicities and lower
α
/Fe abundance ratios compared to the median values in the radial distributions. This is detected both for young objects that trace the spiral arms and older populations. Several
α
, iron-peak elements and at least one heavy element trace the thin and thick disc properties in the solar cylinder. Third, young disc stars show a recent chemical impoverishment in several elements. Fourth, the largest chemo-dynamical sample of open clusters analysed so far shows a steepening of the radial metallicity gradient with age, which is also observed in the young field population. Finally, the
Gaia
chemical data have the required coverage and precision to unveil galaxy accretion debris and heated disc stars on halo orbits through their
α
/Fe ratio, and to allow the study of the chemo-dynamical properties of globular clusters.
Conclusions.
Gaia
DR3 chemo-dynamical diagnostics open new horizons before the era of ground-based wide-field spectroscopic surveys. They unveil a complex Milky Way that is the outcome of an eventful evolution, shaping it to the present day.
CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies; however, it is associated with toxicities ...including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and impaired hematopoietic recovery. The latter is associated with high-grade cytopenias requiring extended growth factor or transfusional support, potentially leading to additional complications such as infection or hemorrhage. To date, the factors independently associated with hematologic toxicity have not been well characterized. To address this deficit, we retrospectively analyzed 173 patients who received defined-composition CD19 CAR T-cell therapy in a phase 1/2 clinical trial (https://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01865617), with primary end points of absolute neutrophil count and platelet count at day-28 after CAR T-cell infusion. We observed cumulative incidences of neutrophil and platelet recovery of 81% and 75%, respectively, at 28 days after infusion. Hematologic toxicity was noted in a significant subset of patients, with persistent neutropenia in 9% and thrombocytopenia in 14% at last follow-up. Using debiased least absolute shrinkage selector and operator regression analysis for high-dimensional modeling and considering patient-, disease-, and treatment-related variables, we identified increased CRS severity as an independent predictor for decreased platelet count and lower prelymphodepletion platelet count as an independent predictor of both decreased neutrophil and platelet counts after CD19 CAR T-cell infusion. Furthermore, multivariable models including CRS-related cytokines identified associations between higher peak serum concentrations of interleukin-6 and lower day-28 cell counts; in contrast, higher serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-β1 were associated with higher counts. Our findings suggest that patient selection and improved CRS management may improve hematopoietic recovery after CD19 CAR T-cell therapy.
•Hematologic toxicity was observed in ∼20% of patients receiving anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy.•Higher CRS severity and CRS-related cytokine levels and lower prelymphodepletion platelet count predicted hematologic toxicity.
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This is a corrigendum for Gaia Collaboration (2021). It corrects errors in Sects. 6.3.2 and 7.2 and Appendix A, which erroneously state that the correction to theG-band fluxes and magnitudes ...presented in Riello et al. (2021) (their Table 5) should be applied to sources in Gaia EDR3 with six-parameter astrometric solutions. In fact, the corrections should be applied to sources with twoparameter or six-parameter astrometric solutions. The corrected Astronomical Data Query Language (ADQL) query and Python source code from Appendix A are presented in the new version of Appendix A below. Following the discovery of the above error, a more detailed investigation was done for the sources with two-parameter (2-p) astrometric solutions. Out of the 344 million 2-p sources present in Gaia EDR3, about 20 million have an astrometric solution in which the actual source colour was used instead of a default colour. This means that for these 20 million 2-p sources the Gband correction should actually not be applied. These sources are mostly faint, with 96% at magnitudes G > 20, and for 75% of these 20 million sources the correction that is (wrongly) applied amounts to less than 4 milli-magnitudes. It was thus decided not to make a special effort to exclude these sources from the correction. Should a user of the Gaia EDR3 data wish to undo the wrong correction for one or more of these 20 million sources, the list of source IDs and applied corrections can be provided on request. Appendix A: G-band corrections for sources with two-parameter or six-parameter astrometric solutions Figure A.1 shows how to formulate an ADQL query, to be executed in the Gaia EDR3 archive, that contains an on-the-fly calculation of the corrected G-band fluxes or magnitudes. These queries are somewhat complex and create a performance overhead. Hence downloading the requisite Gaia EDR3 fields and calculating the corrections a posteriori may be more efficient. Example Python code to do this is included in Fig. A.2. The Python code is also available as a Jupyter notebook1. Appendix A: G-band corrections for sources with two-parameter or six-parameter astrometric solutions Figure A.1 shows how to formulate an ADQL query, to be executed in the Gaia EDR3 archive, that contains an on-the-fly calculation of the corrected G-band fluxes or magnitudes. These queries are somewhat complex and create a performance overhead. Hence downloading the requisite Gaia EDR3 fields and calculating the corrections a posteriori may be more efficient. Example Python code to do this is included in Fig. A.2. The Python code is also available as a Jupyter notebook.
Geldanamycin (GA) can be considered a relatively new component with a promising mode of action against human malignancies. It specifically targets heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and interferes with ...its function as a molecular chaperone.
In this study, we have investigated the effects of geldanamycin on the regulation of Hsp90-dependent oncogenic signaling pathways directly implicated in cell cycle progression, survival and motility of human urinary bladder cancer cells. In order to assess the biological outcome of Hsp90 inhibition on RT4 (grade I) and T24 (grade III) human urinary bladder cancer cell lines, we applied MTT assay, FACS analysis, Western blotting, semi-quantitative (sq) RT-PCR, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunofluorescence and scratch-wound assay.
We have herein demonstrated that, upon geldanamycin treatment, bladder cancer cells are prominently arrested in the G1 phase of cell cycle and eventually undergo programmed cell death via combined activation of apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, geldanamycin administration proved to induce prominent downregulation of several Hsp90 protein clients and downstream effectors, such as membrane receptors (IGF-IR and c-Met), protein kinases (Akt, IKKα, IKKβ and Erk1/2) and transcription factors (FOXOs and NF-κΒ), therefore resulting in the impairment of proliferative -oncogenic- signaling and reduction of cell motility.
In toto, we have evinced the dose-dependent and cell line-specific actions of geldanamycin on cell cycle progression, survival and motility of human bladder cancer cells, due to downregulation of critical Hsp90 clients and subsequent disruption of signaling -oncogenic- integrity.
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