Shrimp aquaculture is the biggest source of export income in Vietnam. However, the development of the shrimp poses a serious threat to coastal mangroves by converting coastal mangroves into shrimp ...farms. Much effort has been made to replant mangroves and reduce the impacts of shrimp farming on the environment, and maintaining mangrove coverage at 30–50% of total farm area has provided the highest benefits in the integrated mangrove shrimp model. In this study, we re-examine the benefits of forest cover on the survival and yield of tiger shrimp (
Penaeus monodon
) in the integrated mangrove shrimp farming systems in Ca Mau province, Vietnam. The study found positive linear correlations of log transformed survival and yield of tiger shrimp with forest cover of the forms: Ln (survival) = − 1.39 + 0.038 × forest coverage (
r
2
= 0.22;
p
value = 0.0007); Ln (yield) = 3.55 + 0.026 × forest coverage (
r
2
= 0.16;
p
value = 0.004). The households with high forest cover (i.e., > 45%) also had 1.07 ± 0.29 and 1.39 ± 0.36 (CI 95%,
p
value = 0.000) kg ha
−1
higher yield per night harvest than those with medium and low forest cover, respectively. As a result, households with high forest cover have higher benefits than those with lower forest cover. Our findings together with previous published studies lead to the recommendation that farmers maintain mangroves in farming systems for better economic and environmental benefits.
The Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped RNA virus that caused a dangerous COVID-19 pandemic following an outbreak in Wuhan, China in 2019. In response to the pandemic, the development of lateral ...flow assays (LFAs) has been crucial for the detection of viruses, commonly targeting the spike (S) or nucleocapsid (N) protein in nasopharyngeal swab (NS) specimens. COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, predominantly manifests as a respiratory tract infection-like illness, characterized by symptoms such as fever, dry cough, upper airway congestion, runny nose, sore throat, myalgia, headache, and exhaustion. This study presents the development of an LFA targeting the N protein to detect the coronavirus in saliva specimens, using a sandwich format. The use of 80 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been investigated, and the application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and TMB substrate has been employed to enhance the limit of detection (LOD). The results demonstrate a significant 200-fold improvement in LOD, from 10 to 50 pg/ml, for N protein spiked in saliva samples after the application of HRP-TMB. This finding highlights an important advancement towards the utilization of saliva samples in diagnostic applications.
To evaluate the efficacy of bee venom acupuncture in humeroscapularis (PHS) patients.
One hundred and twenty patients diagnosed with PHS were assigned into four groups: BV1 (0.01 mg/kg), BV2 (0.005 ...mg/kg), BV3 (0.0025 mg/kg), and control group (vitamin B1 plus novocain 3% injection) with 15 d of treatment. The outcomes of the study including visual analogue scale (VAS) score and β-endorphin, inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and shoulder function score were assessed at baseline, after 10 and 15 d of treatment.
All four groups reported statistically significant improvement in VAS score, motion range, and shoulder function score ( < 0.01), only the BV3 group showed significant increase of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and decrease of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, TNF-α) cytokines after treatment ( < 0.05). The BV3 group presented a significant difference between all outcomes compared to the control and other groups.
BV3 groups showed better recovery including reduced pain, improved motor function and normalized inflammatory cytokines than current therapy used in Vietnam and other groups.
The identification and quantification of actionable mutations are critical for guiding targeted therapy and monitoring drug response in colorectal cancer. Liquid biopsy (LB) based on plasma cell-free ...DNA analysis has emerged as a noninvasive approach with many clinical advantages over conventional tissue sampling. Here, we developed a LB protocol using ultra-deep massive parallel sequencing and validated its clinical performance for detection and quantification of actionable mutations in three major driver genes (KRAS, NRAS and BRAF). The assay showed a 92% concordance for mutation detection between plasma and paired tissues and great reliability in quantification of variant allele frequency.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objectives
To assess the safety and efficacy of introducing robotic‐assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (RALDN) to the standard retroperitoneal endoscopic donor nephrectomy (REDN).
Methods
Data ...were collected prospectively from 124 consecutive living kidney donors (93 for REDN subgroup and 31 for RALDN subgroup) from February 2018 to December 2020. Donor baseline demographics, perioperative outcomes and recipient outcomes were recorded, and these parameters were compared between the two subgroups before and after propensity‐score matching.
Results
Mean age was 51.1 ± 9.1 years; 42.7% were males; mean body mass index was 22.7 ± 2.4; and there were 109 (88%) left kidneys. The following data of REDN and RALDN was, respectively, recorded: operative time (213 ± 43 versus 216 ± 39 min, p = 0.721), warm ischemic time (4.7 ± 1.2 versus 4.9 ± 1.4 min, p = 0.399), postoperative complications (5.4% versus 6.5%, p = 1), haemoglobin (g/L) drop (9.4 ± 7.2 versus 9.7 ± 6.6, p = 0.836), blood creatinine at 6 month (1.15 ± 0.23 versus 1.13 ± 0.24 mg/dL, p = 0.734) and at 1 year (1.09 ± 0.22 versus 1.17 ± 0.28 mg/dL, p = 0.591). In post‐propensity score matched analyses, there was no significant differences between the two groups including intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Conclusions
RALDN could be safely introduced into a living donor program experienced in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. The outcomes of our study comparing these minimally invasive techniques are mostly similar in terms of intraoperative and postoperative outcomes for kidney donors.
Robotic‐assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy could be safely introduced into a living donor program experienced in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. The outcomes of our study comparing these minimally invasive techniques are mostly similar in terms of intraoperative and postoperative outcomes for kidney donors.
The epoxidized rubber seed oil (EeRSO) was a mixture of epoxidized triglyceride, and epoxidized methyl ester of free fatty acids was used as a secondary plasticizer for PVC. An increase in tensile ...properties was observed by substituting the 10 phr DOP plasticizer with the EeRSO in PVC formulation. A leaching test was performed in five media to evaluate the plasticizing effect. The sample weight increased slightly after soaking in water and 30 wt.% acetic solution, decreased slightly in 10 wt.% KOH solution, and reduced sharply and strongly in sunflower oil and n-hexane. The 10 phr EeRSO in PVC formulation has presented an improvement in migration, volatilization characteristics, and thermal property of PVC. After 72 hours of soaking in n-hexane, the shore A hardness of the EeRSO plasticized PVC sample increased by 14.5% while the PVC sample without EeRSO was blistered and its shore A hardness could not be measured. This was the clearest evidence for the positive effect of EeRSO as a secondary plasticizer. The morphology of the fractured surface of the samples after immersing in n-hexane was studied by using scanning electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis showed the role of EeRSO in significant improvement in thermal stability. In general, EeRSO not only acts as a primary plasticizer to improve the migration, extraction, and volatilization characteristics but also contributes to the thermal stability of PVC.
A genome‐wide association study (GWAS) is a powerful tool in investigating genetic contribution, which is a crucial factor in the development of complex multifactorial diseases, such as type 2 ...diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major healthcare burden in the Western Pacific region; however, there is limited availability of genetic‐associated data for type 2 diabetes in Southeast Asia, especially among the Kinh Vietnamese population. This lack of information exacerbates global healthcare disparities. In this study, 997 Kinh Vietnamese individuals (503 with type 2 diabetes and 494 controls) were prospectively recruited and their clinical and paraclinical information was recorded. DNA samples were collected and whole genome genotyping was performed. Standard quality control and genetic imputation using the 1000 Genomes database were executed. A polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes was generated in different models using East Asian, European, and mix ancestry GWAS summary statistics as training datasets. After quality control and genetic imputation, 107 polymorphisms reached suggestive statistical significance for GWAS (≤5 × 10−6) and rs11079784 was one of the potential markers strongly associated with type 2 diabetes in the studied population. The best polygenic risk score model predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus had AUC = 0.70 (95% confidence interval = 0.62–0.77) based on a mix of ancestral GWAS summary statistics. These data show promising results for genetic association with a polygenic risk score estimation in the Kinh Vietnamese population; the results also highlight the essential role of population diversity in a GWAS of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are used extensively in HICs to detect and control antibiotic resistance (AMR) in laboratories and clinical institutions. ML is ...designed to predict outcome variables using an algorithm to enable "machines" to learn the "rules" from the data. ML is increasingly being applied in intensive care units to identify AMR and to assist empiric antibiotic therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of ML models for predicting AMR bacteria and resistance to antibiotics in two Vietnamese hospitals. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study combined with retrospective was conducted from 1st January 2020 to 30th June 2022. Five models were developed to predict antibiotic resistance of bacterial infections of ICU patients. Two datasets were prepared to predict AMR bacteria and antibiotics with ML models. The performance of the prediction models was evaluated by various indicators (sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy, F1-score, PRC, AuROC, and NormMCC) to determine the optimal time point for data selection. Python version 3.8 was used for statistical analyses. Results: The accuracy, F1-score, AuROC, and normMMC of LightGBM, XGBoost, and Random Forest models were higher than those of other models in both datasets. In both datasets 1 and 2, accuracy, F1- score, AuROC and normMCC of the XGBoost model were the highest among five models (from 0.890 to 1.000). Only Random Forest models had specificity scores higher than 0.850. High scores of sensitivity, accuracy, precision, F1-score, and normMCC indicated that the models were making accurate predictions for datasets 1 and 2. Conclusion: XGBoost, LightGBM, and Random Forest were the best-performed machine learning models to predict antibiotic resistance of bacterial infections of ICUs patients using the patients' EMRs. Keywords: antibiotic resistance, machine learning, XGBoost, LightGBM, random forest
Chemical bonding of the 3d transition metal-doped germanium Ge
2
M (M = Sc–Zn) clusters is investigated by using quantum chemical calculations combined with the analyses of natural atomic orbital ...(NAO), natural bond orbital (NBO) and natural resonance theory (NRT). All of the clusters have ground state structure of isosceles triangle whose chemical bonding can be described by orbital overlaps and electron transfers between M atom and Ge
2
unit. Among the series, Ge
2
Ti is found to be the most stable cluster due to the best electron pairing between AO-4
s
and AOs-3
d
of Ti atom and the three bonding orbitals of the Ge
2
unit, whereas Ge
2
Zn is the least stable thanks to the only overlap between AO–4
s
(Zn) and MO-π
y
of the Ge
2
unit. While the Ge–Ge bond is of most covalent character, the Ge–M bond is of half-half covalent and ionic character. The double Ge=Ge bond of Ge
2
is either enhanced (M = Cr, Mn, Cu and Zn) or depleted (M = Sc–Ti, Fe–Ni) upon interacting with the transition metal atom due to the electron transfer between the metal atom and the Ge
2
unit. Finally, the 3d shell of the dopant atoms remains most of their own character in these clusters, especially magnetic moment, which is very interesting for potential magnetic materials.
The endangered Dipterocarpus dyeri is distributed in forests of southeast Vietnam, which is expected to have low genetic diversity and high genetic population structure due to habitat loss and ...over-exploitation. To provide valuable information for conservation measures, nine polymorphic microsatellites were used to analyze 151 adult trees from six populations, representing the natural range of D. dyeri in Vietnam. Contrary to the expectation, this species has relatively high genetic diversity within populations, low genetic differentiation among populations, and suggesting high gene flow. Results of bottleneck tests showed evidence of a bottleneck in the TaKou population. Analysis of molecular variance showed a high genetic variation within populations compared to among populations. Bayesian analysis also indicated two genetic lineages related to geographical distances. These results highlight the importance of conserving the genetic resources of D. dyeri and will provide guidelines for species conservation in Vietnam.
PDF
