Being Media Literate in Croatia Brajdić Vuković, Marija; Bilić, Paško
Revija za sociologiju,
2023, Letnik:
53, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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This paper combines social practice theory, new literacy studies, and critical media literacy. Media literacy allows citizens to participate in society through traditional and digital media. Using ...existing survey instruments such as the News Literacy Scale and the Internet Skills Survey with originally developed items, we observe media literacy as a social practice encompassing the dimensions of critical thinking, content production, and technical skills. The three dimensions were further operationalised into additive scales of the Critical perception of traditional news media (CPTNMS), Critical perception of digital tools (CPODTS), Media and social justice issues (MSJIS), Content production (CPSS), and Internet information search skills (IISSS). The results from a stratified survey conducted on a sample of adult Croatian citizens (n=1033), representative of gender, age, region, and education, show that age is the main predictor for all scales. The relation between scales shows a positive correlation between CPTNMS, CPODTS, and MSJIS. At the same time, CPTNMS, CPODTS, and MSJIS correlate negatively with the IISS. Those less skilled in internet search are less critical of traditional media and digital tools and are less convinced that media should cover social justice issues. Additionally, being more skilled in content production does not imply any other attitudinal relationship except for a negative association with the lack of IISSS. This paper contributes to the operationalisation of media literacy for sociological research and a better understanding of media literacy in the general population of Croatia.
U ovom se radu koriste teorije društvene prakse, nove studije pismenosti i kritike medijske pismenosti. Medijska pismenost omogućuje građanima sudjelovanje u društvu putem tradicionalnih i digitalnih medija. Primjenom odabranih dimenzija postojećih instrumenata kao što su News media literacy scale i Internet skills survey te originalno razvijenih čestica, medijsku pismenost promatramo kao društvenu praksu kritičkog mišljenja, proizvodnje sadržaja i dimenzije tehničkih vještina. Tri su dimenzije dalje operacionalizirane u aditivne ljestvice kritičke percepcije tradicionalnih medija (KPTM), kritičke percepcije digitalnih alata (KPDA), društvene uključivosti u medijima (DUM), proizvodnje sadržaja (PS) i vještina pretraživanja internetskih informacija (PII). Rezultati istraživanja provedenog na uzorku odraslih hrvatskih građana (n=1033) reprezentativnih za spol, dob, regiju i obrazovanje pokazuju da je dob glavni prediktor za sve ljestvice. Odnos između ljestvica pokazuje pozitivnu korelaciju između KPTM-a, KPDA-a i DUM-a. U isto vrijeme, KPTM, KPDA i DUM u negativnoj su korelaciji s PII-jem. Oni manje vješti u internetskom pretraživanju manje su kritični prema tradicionalnim medijima i digitalnim alatima i manje su uvjereni da mediji trebaju pokrivati pitanja društvene uključivosti. Također, biti vještiji u proizvodnji sadržaja ne podrazumijeva nikakav drugi odnos, samo onaj koji se odnosi na negativnu povezanost s nedostatkom PII-ja. Ovaj rad pridonosi operacionalizaciji medijske pismenosti za sociološka istraživanja i boljem razumijevanju medijske pismenosti u općoj populaciji u Hrvatskoj.
The problem of selecting an optimal set of investment stocks is of a huge interest for both individual and institutional investors. This paper compares the hybrid multiple criteria decision making ...(MCDM) approach to selecting the best stock to invest in, with the stock selection using modern portfolio theory (MPT). When selecting stocks, it is very important to thoroughly analyse stocks, according to multiple criteria, including their equity market indicators, as well as financial indicators. The objective of the research is to compare the stock selection using a hybrid MCDM approach and MPT, which includes only the equity market indicators. The analysed sample includes 18 stocks, which are CROBEX components on the Croatian capital market from January 2017 to January 2019. The rankings of stocks were calculated using five MCDM methods. These were then used to obtain the final hybrid stock ranking, which was compared to the MPT stock selection. The results show that there is a significant difference in the stock rankings. However, the stocks which have not entered any portfolio in MPT selection were ranked as lowest according to the hybrid MCDM approach, which confirms that those stocks are the worst to invest in. The research can serve as a guidance for investors to use all available stock information in their decision making process of investment.
Aim: To define the clinical profile of patients with unilateral optic neuritis (ON) presented to our clinic and to identify baseline clinical features and demographic data associated with one-month ...visual acuity (VA) outcome. Methods: Patients with suspected ON referred to our clinic were consecutively assessed for inclusion between February 2017 and November 2019. VA was measured using Snellen charts. Clinical and demographic, baseline and after one-month follow-up data were analyzed in a multivariate model. Results: Overall, 71 patients were included, of which six were considered lost to follow-up. The median age was 50 years old (interquartile range 37-57 years old) and the female to male ratio was 3:1. 14.1 % had a severe attack and 83.1 % recovered completely one month after the diagnosis. Multivariate analysis of data from 65 patients showed that baseline VA of the affected eye (P=0.011) and fellow eye (P=0.015) were factors associated with VA of the affected eye at follow up. Conclusion: Our cohort was older, had a higher female to male ratio and on average, a less severe ON clinical presentation compared to reports from other countries. Baseline VA of both the affected and fellow eye are predictors of one-month VA recovery
The use of Internet machine translators is a common and frequent practice in everyday life, as one of the most accessible and at the same time the easiest way to translate technical literature and ...other variety of texts. In addition, the number of published translations containing many errors increases on a daily basis. This paper presents a pilot study which is based on ten students' papers dealing with the analysis of machine translations of short, identical, technical texts in the time frame of three school years. The aim of this paper is to investigate the reliability of machine translators in the past and present and whether there are any changes in translations and which. The types of errors as well as percentage to what extent they occurred were analysed. The reverse translation was performed and based on that the results presented in the paper are obtained. The period of three years has shown that the differences in translation are significant. This indicates that the machine translation management is possible, especially in the field of information technology development and mutual co-operation of linguists and information technology experts. The cooperation in the domain of machine translation is necessary and must be permanent.
The tax system must be in accordance with the requirements and interests of the tax authorities, but also with the goals of taxpayers. Fiscal intervention should reflect the taxpayer's fiscal power ...as well as certain forms of taxation. In that regard, agricultural production activities are also the subject of taxation as they are conducted by a large number of entities who have different financial positions and conditions of production. The holders of agricultural production activities achieve their goals, and thus the economic interests of the country are fulfilled. The government show through various measurements that agriculture is an important economic sector and encourage its growth and development. As an instrument of their economic policy, the government can also use the taxation system for agriculture. Taxation of agriculture leads to the achievement of the economic and fiscal goals of the country as well as non-taxation goals. Tax policy measures can, therefore, either encourage or discourage agricultural production activities.
This paper investigates whether creditors and company owners recognize greater financial reporting quality and reward those companies with lower cost of financing. Quality and transparent reporting ...enables owners and potential investors to accurately estimate future cash flows of the company, the value of the company and it reduces the risk of making the wrong investment decisions. Also, creditors can more accurately determine the actual credit ability and indebtedness of the company based on true and fair financial statements. Accordingly, it is assumed that creditors and owners will reward the companies with higher quality financial reporting with lower financing costs. The research was conducted on a sample of companies listed on the capital market in seven Southeastern European countries. Multiple regression models have been used in the analysis of results, which showed that the quality of financial reporting in those Southeastern European countries affects the reduction of debt, but not the cost of capital.
Discovery of Plastics-degrading Enzymes Mehmet Mervan Çakar; Marija Vuković Domanovac; Zvjezdana Findrik Blažević
Kemija u industriji,
07/2023, Letnik:
72, Številka:
7-8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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Plastics are highly advanced materials that have a vast array of applications and are produced globally in an approximate amount of 350 to 400 million tons every year. Nevertheless, there are serious ...concerns about plastic waste and pollution as a result of the misuse and lack of control of their use in industries, including packaging, transportation, manufacturing, and agriculture. Approximately 1,000 years are required for plastic bags to decompose efficiently. Additionally, CO2 and dioxins are released into the atmosphere by burning plastics, and they contribute to global warming. The Earth’s environment is overwhelmed with waste, mostly from poor recycling practices and low circular usage, resulting in millions of tons of waste generated annually. To combat this, new technologies for recycling post-consumer plastics are desperately needed to decrease plastic waste and improve the environment, while also finding ways to utilise these materials. Due to the inadequate disposal methods currently available for plastic waste, there has been increased interest in the use of microorganisms and enzymes designed for the biodegradation of non-degradable synthetic polymers via biocatalytic depolymerisation indicating that plastics treatment and recycling can be more efficient and sustainable.
Specific Funding of Fiscal Deficit in Serbis Vukovic, Marija; Andelic, Milosav
Ekonomika, Journal for Economic Theory and Practice and Social Issues,
06/2016, Letnik:
62, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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This paper will examine whether the privatization receipts were used as a means of reducing the fiscal deficit and public debt servicing in the Republic of Serbia. The empirical study incorporates ...monthly data series from 2005 to 2012. The results of the study show that revenues from privatization in Serbia increased the fiscal deficit and public spending, and thus jeopardize the long-term fiscal sustainability. The paper analyzes the level of reduction of external debt and the movement of foreign exchange reserves as an alternative to the use of privatization funds. The analysis shows, although on the short sample, that revenues from privatization in Serbia are not used to pay off debt, but were partially preserved (and accumulated in the form of foreign currency reserves) and partly used to finance current expenditures of the state (and to a lesser extent for financing capital expenditures).
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma among children and represents half of all soft tissue sarcomas. The tumor is derived from primitive mesenchymal stem cells which develop into ...striated muscle and common sites of occurrence are the head and neck region, genitourinary tract and extremities. Treatment is multimodal and includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Application of combined treatment led to significant improvement in treatment outcome. Due to long-term survival, great importance is given to the expected treatment complications. Therapy for pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma requires a delicate balance between the need to intensify therapy for certain group of patients and the desire to reduce potentially toxic therapy and risk for secondary malignancies for patients with good prognosis. Radiotherapy plays an important role in local control of disease and is performed in nearly all patients. Since it is applied to organs and tissues that are in growth and development phase, radiotherapy in childhood has its own specificity and represents greater challenge in relation to the treatment of adult patients. The use of modern radiotherapy techniques ensures excellent local control of disease with better sparing of normal surrounding tissues which reduces radiotherapy toxicity and preserves quality of life of treated children.
Analiza novačkog sustava pokazala je da formalnopravni okvir, kao i nedostatno definiranje ciljeva politike osposobljavanja mladih istraživača u Hrvatskoj, generiraju neka od obilježja radnopravne ...nesigurnosti ili prekarnosti na tržištu rada poput neizvjesnosti budućeg zapošljavanja i/ili zadržavanja niše u profesiji. No, podaci o uspješnosti novačkog sustava ukazuju na ozbiljne manjkavosti i u ishodima profesionalne socijalizacije što upućuje na probleme profesionalnog osposobljavanja u smislu reprodukcije znanja i vještina u okviru znanstvenog i visokoobrazovnog sustava. Ova kvalitativna studija istražuje koje su prepreke procesu profesionalne socijalizacije mladih istraživača u prirodnim i društvenim znanostima te koja je priroda i koje su okolnosti nastanka navedenih prepreka. Istraživanje putem polustrukturiranih intervjua provedeno na uzorku od 40 mladih istraživača iz različitih polja društvenih i prirodnih znanosti pokazalo je da su ozbiljne prepreke procesa profesionalne socijalizacije više povezane s načinom svakodnevnog praktičnog funkcioniranja znanstveno-novačkog sustava, nego sa samim radnopravnim okvirom. Tako su kao najveće prepreke u oba područja znanosti prepoznati problemi poput prekomjernog rada novaka u nastavi i/ili na tržišnim projektima trećih naručitelja, problemi s formalnom supervizijom i/ili mentorstvom, prepreke vezane uz nedostatno financiranje znanstvenih istraživanja, premali istraživački timovi i nedostatak stručnog i tehničkog osoblja, te problemi povezani s dominantnim vrijednostima akademske zajednice koje se izražavaju i kao generacijski jaz između mlađih i starijih istraživača. Rad zaključuje da unatoč činjenici da je novaštvo komparativno povoljniji formalnopravni okvir istraživačke socijalizacije u odnosu na internacionalna iskustva, praktično provođenje sustava upravo istraživačku, a naročito disciplinarnu socijalizaciju, često onemogućuje te da je kontradikcija formalnopravnog okvira i praktičnog funkcioniranja prisutna na svim socijalizacijskim razinama. Razmatrajući u istraživanju prepoznate probleme profesionalne socijalizacije mladih istraživača u svijetlu novijih znanstvenih politika, primjećuje se da one idu u smjeru povećanja radnopravne nesigurnosti mladih istraživača, a da pritom ne rješavaju aktualne probleme novačkog sustava, već ih potencijalno i produbljuju.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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