Linked Content
This article is linked to Hu et al and Shah and Chey papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14319 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14372.
Magmatic and metamorphic zircons have been dated from ductilely deformed gabbroic dykes defining a dyke swarm and signifying crustal extension in the northern part of the Hengshan Complex of the ...North China Craton. These dykes now occur as boudins and deformed sheets within migmatitic tonalitic, trondhjemitic, granodioritic and granitic gneisses and are conspicuous due to relics of high-pressure granulite or even former eclogite facies garnet
+
pyroxene-bearing assemblages. SHRIMP ages for magmatic zircons from two dykes reflect the time of dyke emplacement at ∼1915
Ma, whereas metamorphic zircons dated by both SHRIMP and evaporation techniques are consistently in the range 1848–1888
Ma. The youngest granitoid gneiss yet dated in the Hengshan has an emplacement age of 1872
±
17
Ma. These results complement recent geochronological studies from the neighbouring Wutai and Fuping Complexes, to the SE of the Hengshan, showing that a crustal extension event occurred in the late Palaeoproterozoic. This preceded a major high-pressure collision-type metamorphic event in the central part of the North China Craton that occurred in the Palaeoproterozoic and not in the late Archaean as previously thought. Our data support recent suggestions that the North China Craton experienced a major, craton-wide orogenic event in the late Palaeoproterozoic after which it became cratonized and acted as a stable block.
Plasma energy dispersion properties inside reconnection jet flows observed inside the low‐latitude boundary layer are used to determine the distances of observing satellites to reconnection sites. ...The locations of the reconnection sites are then retrieved by tracing the modeled field lines by those distances. The controlling effects of the dipole tilt angle to the location of X lines or reconnection sites are investigated. Our results show that the Earth's dipole tilt angles strongly modify the location of X lines predicted by Cooling et al's model, which is thought to be the result of magnetopause reshaping due to finite dipole tilt angles.
Key Points
Particle energy dispersion is used to determine reconnection sites
X line locations are controlled by the dipole tilt angle
The locations of reconnection sites are retrieved by tracing modeled field lines
Foreign object damage (FOD) is a common accident that happens in aeroengines, especially in fan and compressor blades. Accurate prediction of the fatigue strength of the fan/compressor blade ...materials following FOD is important for the repair and maintenance of aeroengines. This paper was based on the experiment part of Ref. 13, and fatigue strength prediction of TC4 alloy following simulated FOD was carried out by the theory of critical distances (TCD). The FOD notch bottom morphology was characterized by structured light scanning, and a superimposed notch model containing the characteristic of FOD contour was proposed for fatigue prediction. The results show that the prediction based on the FOD macro size overrates the fatigue strength. This overrated prediction is mainly caused by ignorance of the irregular local defects at the FOD notch bottom. By taking the local defects into consideration, the superimposed notch model can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of fatigue strength, and the relative error is within ±30 %.
To determine the significance of miR-214 expression in ischemic post-conditioning. Sixty rats were grouped to establish animal models. Immuno- luminescence and chemical methods were used to detect ...oxidative stress indicators. Hemodynamics indexes were measured by carotid artery intubation, and ischemia and infarction areas by Evans blue and 2,3-5 triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining. TargetScan was used for identification and luciferase assays for verification of target genes.miR-214 and hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit inhibitor (HIF1AN) were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Ischemia reperfusion significantly decreased left ventricular systolic pressure, +dp/dtmax, and -dp/dtmax and increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; ischemic post-conditioning had contrasting effects. Compared to the sham group, the ischemic/reperfusion (IR) group showed increased creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the myocardium and decreased SOD. miR-214 in the IR group was down-regulated, and HIF1AN, up-regulated. Compared with the IR group, the ischemia postconditioning (IPC) group showed decreased CK-MB and MDA in the myocardium and increased SOD. The proportion of infarction area to ischemia area in IPC group declined compared to IR group. miR-214 and HIF1AN in the IPC group showed significant up- and down-regulation, respectively. Ischemic postconditioning can improve myocardial function, reduce myocardial infarction area, and prevent the ischemia reperfusion injury. miR-214 may participate in the protective function of ischemic post-conditioning by down-regulating HIF1AN.
Objective
To investigate the prevalence of obesity in young adults and to analyze the influencing factors on renal functions and proteinuria in this population.
Methods
This study comprised civil ...servants between 20 and 39 years old, who received physical examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. The subjects were categorized into four groups based on age (20–24, 25–29, 30–34 and 35–39 years) and the number of risk factors they had (hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia). The relationships between obesity and the prevalence of proteinuria, between obesity and risk factors and between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria were analyzed.
Results
Among the 2293 young civil servants, in men the prevalence of obesity was 33.3 % and proteinuria was 2.5 %. However in women the prevalence of obesity and proteinuria was 7.5 % and 1.7 %, respectively. The levels of blood pressure, serum uric acid (UA), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), fasting glucose (FBG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were lower and the level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher in nonobese groups compared with obese groups. There were no significant differences in eGFR between the two groups. The eGFR in male subjects was associated with age, UA, body mass index (BMI), FBG, TC, TG, LDL and HDL, and in female subjects associated with UA, age, BMI, diastolic blood pressure, FBG and LDL. BMI in both males and females increased with the higher number of risk factors. Multiple regression analysis revealed that hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia were independently associated with obesity. eGFR decreased with a higher number of risk factors. Obesity, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia were independently associated with proteinuria.
Conclusion
Obesity can pose an independent risk factor for proteinuria in young adults. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia were independently associated with obesity. eGFR decreased with a higher number of risk factors.
A series of experiments were performed for toluene decomposition from a
gaseous influent at normal temperature and atmospheric pressure by
nonthermal plasma coupled with a combination of catalysts ...technology.
Nonthermal plasma was generated by dielectric barrier discharge.
γ-Al2O3 was used to be a sorbent and a catalyst carrier.
Nanocatalysts were MnO2/γ-Al2O3 coupled with modified
ferroelectric of nano-Ba0.8Sr0.2Zr0.1 Ti0.9O3. γ-Al2O3 played an
important role in prolonging reaction time of nonthermal plasma with
volatile organic compounds molecules. MnO2/γ-Al2O3 has an
advantage for ozone removal, while nano-Ba0.8Sr0.2Zr0.1 Ti0.9O3 is a
kind of good ferroelectric material for improving energy efficiency.
Thus these packed materials were incorporated together to strengthen
nonthermal plasma power for volatile organic compounds decomposition.
The results showed the synergistic technology resulted in greater
enhancement of toluene removal and energy efficiencies and a better
inhibition for ozone formation in the gas exhaust. Based on the data
analysis of the Fourier transforms infrared spectrum, the reaction
process of toluene decomposition and the mechanism of synergistic
effect are discussed. The results showed in a complex oxidation
mechanism of toluene via several pathways, producing either
ringretaining or ringopening products. The final products were carbon
dioxide and water.
Triploid and pentaploid breeding is of great importance in agricultural production, but it is not always easy to obtain double ploidy parents. However, in fishes, chromosome ploidy is diversiform, ...which may provide natural parental resources for triploid and pentaploid breeding. Both tetraploid and hexaploid exist in Schizothorax fishes, which were thought to belong to different subfamilies with tetraploid Percocypris fishes in morphology, but they are sister genera in molecule. Fortunately, the pentaploid hybrid fishes have been successfully obtained by hybridization of Schizothorax wangchiachii (♀, 2n = 6X = 148) × Percocypris pingi (♂, 2n = 4X = 98). To understand the genetic and morphological difference among the hybrid fishes and their parents, four methods were used in this study: morphology, karyotype, red blood cell (RBC) DNA content determination and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). In morphology, the hybrid fishes were steady, and between their parents with no obvious preference. The chromosome numbers of P. pingi have been reported as 2n = 4X = 98. In this study, the karyotype of S. wangchiachii was 2n = 6X = 148 = 36m + 34sm + 12st + 66t, while that the hybrid fishes was 2n = 5X = 123 = 39m + 28sm + 5st + 51t. Similarly, the RBC DNA content of the hybrid fishes was intermediate among their parents. In ISSR, the within-group genetic diversity of hybrid fishes was higher than that of their parents. Moreover, the genetic distance of hybrid fishes between P. pingi and S.wangchiachii was closely related to that of their parental ploidy, suggesting that parental genetic material stably coexisted in the hybrid fishes. This is the first report to show a stable pentaploid F1 hybrids produced by hybridization of a hexaploid and a tetraploid in aquaculture.
Double porosity is a substantial microstructure characteristic in a wide range of geomaterials. It is a natural phenomenon that can be found in many types of soil, and it can result from biological, ...chemical or mechanical damage. In this paper, the influence of macro-pores on dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) migration in double-porosity medium was investigated using light transmission visualization technique. Three experiments were carried out in two-dimensional flow chambers filled with a double-porosity medium composed of a mixture of local sand and sintered kaolin clay spheres arranged in a periodic manner. In each experiment, a different volumetric fraction of macro-pores and micropores was used. Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) was used to simulate DNAPL, and it was dyed using Oil-Red-O for better visualization. A predetermined amount of PCE was injected into the flow chambers and this amount was re-calculated using image analysis. A very strong correlation was found between the PCE amount injected and the amount calculated from image analysis in each experiment. The experiment was repeated by filling the flow chamber with silica sand to represent single-porosity medium. The results show that the macro-pores have a considerable effect on the PCE migration in double-porosity soil as the PCE movement was the fastest in the third experiment which contained the largest macro-pores volume. The accuracy of the method was validated using statistical analysis. The results show a slight difference between the means of the three experiments, indicating that the method is viable for monitoring NAPL migration in double-porosity medium under different volumetric fractions of macro-pores and micropores.
Deeper and broader sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has identified a wealth of cancer markers in the circulation, resulting in a paradigm shift towards data science-driven liquid biopsies ...in oncology. Although panel sequencing for actionable mutations in plasma is moving towards the clinic, the next generation of liquid biopsies is increasingly shifting from analyzing digital mutation signals towards analog signals, requiring a greater role for machine learning. Concomitantly, there is an increasing acceptance that these cancer signals do not have to arise from the tumor itself. In this Opinion, we discuss the opportunities and challenges arising from increasingly complex cancer liquid biopsy data.
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