College English is a compulsory course for college students. The teaching level of teachers in this course has naturally been evaluated by various schools. The teaching quality evaluation of college ...English is frequently viewed as a multiple attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) issue. The probabilistic double hierarchy linguistic not only conforms to people’s language expression habit of “adverb + adjective,” but can also accurately express its importance. Therefore, this paper comes up with the PDHL-TOPSIS mean for MAGDM based on the PDHLTS environment and applies it to the teaching quality evaluation of college English. On the one hand, we bring information entropy into the determination of target weight. The PDHL-TOPSIS technique is constructed and utilized for teaching level evaluation. Eventually, the PDHL-TOPSIS technique is compared with other decision-making means, and the novel mean turns out to be significant and valid.
Teaching effect evaluation of College English is frequently considered as a multiattribute group decision-making (MAGDM) issue. Thus, a novel MAGDM method is needed to tackle it. Depending on the ...classical TOPSIS method and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs), this paper designs a novel intuitive distance-based IVIF-TOPSIS method for teaching effect evaluation of College English. First of all, a related literature review is conducted. Furthermore, some necessary theories related to IVIFSs are briefly reviewed. In addition, the weights of attribute are decided objectively by using the CRITIC method. Afterwards, relying on novel distance measures between IVIFSs, the conventional TOPSIS method is extended to the IVIFSs to calculate closeness degree of each alternative from the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy positive ideal solution (IVIF-PIS). Finally, an empirical example about teaching effect evaluation of College English and some comparative analyses have been given. The results show that the designed method is useful for teaching effect evaluation of College English.
Disruption of cholesterol homeostasis has been identified as a major factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and strokes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as ...critical players in cellular cholesterol metabolism, but their functions are still largely unknown.
C57BL6/j mice were fed with high cholesterol diet (containing 4% cholesterol) or chow diet. Adenoviruses-lncARSR and lncARSR shRNA were used to overexpress or knockdown lncARSR expression.
The expression of lncARSR were increased both in patients with hypercholesterolemia and mice with high cholesterol diet feeding. Overexpression of lncARSR in mice resulted in elevated lipid levels in both serum and liver fragments. However, knockdown of lncARSR in mice fed with high cholesterol diet showed decreased lipid levels in serum and liver fragments compared with control mice. Furthermore, we found that the expression of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol synthesis was increased with lncARSR overexpression, which was accompanied with the increase of hepatic de novo cholesterol synthesis rate. Mechanistically, we found that lncARSR increased the expression of mature SREBP-2, which is a primary transcription factor of HMGCR. And lncARSR activated the PI3K/Akt pathway. When PI3K/Akt pathway was blocked by LY294002, the inhibitor of PI3K, the effect of lncARSR on SREBP-2 and HMGCR disappeared.
Our data indicated upregulated lncARSR promotes hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis via modulating Akt/SREBP-2/HMGCR pathway, and implied that lncARSR may serve as a therapeutic target for cholesterol disorder.
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The therapeutic effect of nanoparticles is limited in solid tumors, especially desmoplastic tumors, because the tumor matrix hinders the delivery of nanoparticles. As the most ...abundant cells in the tumor stroma, tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) produce a dense extracellular matrix, which leads to higher tissue fluid pressure, thereby creating a physical barrier for nanoparticle delivery. Therefore, researchers focused on eliminating TAFs to combat desmoplastic tumors. In recent years, a series of methods for TAFs have been developed. In this paper, we first introduced the biological mechanism of TAFs hindering the penetration of nanoparticles. Then, the different methods of eliminating TAFs were summarized, and the mechanism of nanomedicine in eliminating TAFs was highlighted. Finally, the problems and future development directions for TAFs treatment were discussed from the perspective of the treatment of desmoplastic tumors.
Liver fibrosis is the common consequence of various chronic liver injuries and is mainly characterized by the imbalance between the production and degradation of extracellular matrix, which leads to ...the accumulation of interstitial collagen and other matrix components. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their specific inhibitors, that is, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), play a crucial role in collagen synthesis and lysis. Previous in vivo and in vitro studies of our laboratory found repressing extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation by restoring the balance between MMPs and TIMPs can alleviate liver fibrosis. We conducted a review of articles published in PubMed and Science Direct in the last decade until February 1, 2023, which were searched for using these words “MMPs/TIMPs” and “Hepatic Fibrosis.” Through a literature review, this article reviews the experimental studies of liver fibrosis based on MMPs/TIMPs, summarizes the components that may exert an anti-liver fibrosis effect by affecting the expression or activity of MMPs/TIMPs, and attempts to clarify the mechanism of MMPs/TIMPs in regulating collagen homeostasis, so as to provide support for the development of anti-liver fibrosis drugs. We found the MMP-TIMP-ECM interaction can result in better understanding of the pathogenesis and progression of hepatic fibrosis from a different angle, and targeting this interaction may be a promising therapeutic strategy for hepatic fibrosis. Additionally, we summarized and analyzed the drugs that have been found to reduce liver fibrosis by changing the ratio of MMPs/TIMPs, including medicine natural products.
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•Previous studies found restoring balance of MMPs/TIMPs alleviate hepatic fibrosis.•Recent studies found MMPs degradating ECM play an anti-fibrosis role.•Degradating ECM and induction immune system activation inhibit hepatic fibrosis.
•The CFRs of COVID-19 varied across the epidemic periods of different VOCs.•The CFRs of COVID-19 disparities existed among continents.•VOCs, HDI value, age and coverage of vaccination were factors ...influencing the CFR.
To calculate the case fatality rates (CFR) of COVID‐19 during epidemic periods of different variants of concern (VOC) by continents.
We systematically searched five authoritative databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and MedRxiv) for epidemiological studies on the CFR of COVID-19 published between January 1, 2020, and March 31, 2023. After identifying the epidemic trends of variants, we used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled CFRs during periods of different VOCs. This meta-analysis was conducted following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023431572).
There were variations in the CFRs among different variants of COVID-19 (Alpha: 2.62%, Beta: 4.19%, Gamma: 3.60%, Delta: 2.01%, Omicron: 0.70%), and disparities in CFRs also existed among continents. On the whole, the CFRs of COVID-19 in Europe and Oceania were slightly lower than in other continents. There was a statistically significant association between the variant, HDI value, age distribution, coverage of full vaccination of cases, and the CFR.
The CFRs of COVID-19 varied across the epidemic periods of different VOCs, and disparities existed among continents. The CFR value reflected combined effects of various factors within a certain context. Caution should be exercised when comparing CFRs due to disparities in testing capabilities and age distribution among countries, etc.
New Drugs for Hepatic Fibrosis Shan, Liang; Wang, Fengling; Zhai, Dandan ...
Frontiers in pharmacology,
06/2022, Letnik:
13
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The morbidity and mortality of hepatic fibrosis caused by various etiologies are high worldwide, and the trend is increasing annually. At present, there is no effective method to cure hepatic ...fibrosis except liver transplantation, and its serious complications threaten the health of patients and cause serious medical burdens. Additionally, there is no specific drug for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis, and many drugs with anti-hepatic fibrosis effects are in the research and development stage. Recently, remarkable progress has been made in the research and development of anti-hepatic fibrosis drugs targeting different targets. We searched websites such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and
Home-ClinicalTrials.gov
and found approximately 120 drugs with anti-fibrosis properties, some of which are in phase Ⅱ or Ⅲ clinical trials. Additionally, although these drugs are effective against hepatic fibrosis in animal models, most clinical trials have shown poor results, mainly because animal models do not capture the complexity of human hepatic fibrosis. Besides, the effect of natural products on hepatic fibrosis has not been widely recognized at home and abroad. Furthermore, drugs targeting a single anti-hepatic fibrosis target are prone to adverse reactions. Therefore, currently, the treatment of hepatic fibrosis requires a combination of drugs that target multiple targets. Ten new drugs with potential for development against hepatic fibrosis were selected and highlighted in this mini-review, which provides a reference for clinical drug use.
Based on the characteristics of the video database and the basic structure of the video database and several typical video data models, the segmentation-based multi-level data model is used to ...describe the landscape information video database, the network database model and the road network management database system. Landscape information management system detailed design and implementation of a detailed preparation.
We have previously shown that adenosine A1AR antagonists, adenosine A2aAR antagonists, and caffeine have significant inhibitory effects on the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells ...in alcoholic liver fibrosis. Many recent studies have found that moderate coffee consumption is beneficial for various liver diseases. The main active ingredient of coffee is caffeine, which is a natural non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist. Moreover, numerous preclinical epidemiological studies and clinical trials have examined the association between frequent coffee consumption and the risk of developing different liver diseases. In this review, we summarize and analyze the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of caffeine on various liver diseases, with an emphasis on cellular assays, animal experiments, and clinical trials. To review the prevention and treatment effects of caffeine on different liver diseases, we searched all literature before 19 July 2022, using “caffeine” and “liver disease” as keywords from the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. We found that moderate coffee consumption has beneficial effects on various liver diseases, possibly by inhibiting adenosine binding to its receptors. Caffeine is a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of various liver diseases.
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