Electrochemical performances can be effectively improved by introducing metal-organic units (MOUs) into polyoxometalates (POMs). However, regulating the bonding strength between POMs and MOUs at the ...molecular level to improve the electrochemical performance is a challenging task. Three new POM-based metal-organic complexes (MOCs), namely H{Zn
2
(Hpytty)
2
(H
2
O)
8
CrMo
6
(OH)
6
O
18
}·2H
2
O (
1
), H{Zn
2
(Hpyttz)
2
(H
2
O)
6
CrMo
6
(OH)
6
O
18
}·8H
2
O (
2
), and {(μ
2
-OH)
2
Zn
6
(pyttz)
2
(H
2
O)
10
TeMo
6
O
24
}·2H
2
O (
3
) (H
2
pytty = 3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-5-(1
H
-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazolyl, H
2
pyttz = 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-5-(1
H
-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazolyl), were obtained. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction shows that the bonding strength (from the hydrogen bond to the coordination bond) between Zn-bistriazole-pyrazine/pyridine units and diverse Anderson-type POMs gradually increases from complexes
1
to
3
. Glassy carbon electrodes modified with complex
3
(
3
-GCE) has the highest specific capacitance, which is 930 F g
−1
at 1 A g
−1
. Moreover, carbon paste electrodes (
1-3
-CPEs) modified with complexes
1-3
are used as electrochemical sensors for detecting Cr(
vi
) ions, with limits of detection well below the World Health Organization (WHO) maximum level in drinking water.
This study achieved a controllable bond transition from hydrogen to coordination bonds by tuning nitrogen sites in ligands and Anderson POMs, enhancing the Anderson POM-MOUs interaction to improve capacitance and electrocatalytic activity.
In Dunaliella tertiolecta, a microalga renowned for its extraordinary tolerance to high salinity levels up to 4.5 M NaCl, the mechanisms underlying its stress response have largely remained a ...mystery. In a groundbreaking discovery, this study identifies a choline dehydrogenase enzyme, termed DtCHDH, capable of converting choline to betaine aldehyde. Remarkably, this is the first identification of such an enzyme not just in D. tertiolecta but across the entire Chlorophyta. A 3D model of DtCHDH was constructed, and molecular docking with choline was performed, revealing a potential binding site for the substrate. The enzyme was heterologously expressed in E. coli Rosetta (DE3) and subsequently purified, achieving enzyme activity of 672.2 U/mg. To elucidate the role of DtCHDH in the salt tolerance of D. tertiolecta, RNAi was employed to knock down DtCHDH gene expression. The results indicated that the Ri‐12 strain exhibited compromised growth under both high and low salt conditions, along with consistent levels of DtCHDH gene expression and betaine content. Additionally, fatty acid analysis indicated that DtCHDH might also be a FAPs enzyme, catalyzing reactions with decarboxylase activity. This study not only illuminates the role of choline metabolism in D. tertiolecta's adaptation to high salinity but also identifies a novel target for enhancing the NaCl tolerance of microalgae in biotechnological applications.
By targeted introduction of 6-nitrobenzimidazole into polymolybdate, two new polymolybdate-based copper-organic complexes were successfully synthesized, namely {Cu
2
(6-nbm)
4
β-Mo
8
O
26
(H
2
O)
2
...}·(6-nbm)
2
·4H
2
O (
1
) and H
2
{Cu
2
(6-nbm)
4
TeMo
6
O
24
(H
2
O)
4
}·(6-nbm)
2
·4H
2
O (
2
) (6-nbm = 6-nitrobenzimidazole), and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Complexes
1
and
2
are both one-dimensional (1D) chain structures, in which 6-nbm hangs on the 1D chain in a monodentate coordination mode, appearing with a butterfly-like configuration. Complexes
1
and
2
both display bifunctional electrocatalytic activity toward the reduction of KNO
2
, as well as the oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA). The title complexes, used to prepare bulk-modified carbon paste electrodes (
1
-CPE and
2
-CPE), can be used as electrochemical sensors, which show lower detection limit, good selectivity and anti-interference ability. In addition, the carbon cloth-based electrode modified with complex
1
(
1
-CC) exhibits ideal capacitance and long-term cycle stability, indicating that complex
1
can be a potential candidate for a pseudocapacitive material. In addition, complexes
1
and
2
show catalytic activity for the CO
2
reduction reaction.
6-Nitrobenzimidazole ligand was first introduced into polyoxometalate-based metal-organic architecture, and two unique butterfly-like complexes were obtained. Their applications in electrochemical energy storage and electrocatalysis were studied.
To explore the mechanisms of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA)‐improved plant salt tolerance, strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. ‘Benihoppe’) were treated with 10 mg l−1 ALA under 100 mmol l−1 ...NaCl stress. We found that the amount of Na+ increased in the roots but decreased in the leaves. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) observations showed that ALA‐induced roots had more Na+ accumulation than NaCl alone. Measurement of the xylem sap revealed that ALA repressed Na+ concentrations to a large extent. The electron microprobe X‐ray assay also confirmed ALA‐induced Na+ retention in roots. qRT‐PCR showed that ALA upregulated the gene expressions of SOS1 (encoding a plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter), NHX1 (encoding a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter) and HKT1 (encoding a protein of high‐affinity K+ uptake), which are associated with Na+ exclusion in the roots, Na+ sequestration in vacuoles and Na+ unloading from the xylem vessels to the parenchyma cells, respectively. Furthermore, we found that ALA treatment reduced the H2O2 content in the leaves but increased it in the roots. The exogenous H2O2 promoted plant growth, increased root Na+ retention and stimulated the gene expressions of NHX1, SOS1 and HKT1. Diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of H2O2 generation, suppressed the effects of ALA or H2O2 on Na+ retention, gene expressions and salt tolerance. Therefore, we propose that ALA induces H2O2 accumulation in roots, which mediates Na+ transporter gene expression and more Na+ retention in roots, thereby improving plant salt tolerance.
Air quality effect on the hotel industry Wang, Liang-Ju; Chen, Ming-Hsiang; Lu, Lu
Tourism economics : the business and finance of tourism and recreation,
06/2022, Letnik:
28, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This article makes an original contribution to the hospitality research literature. It proposes a curvilinear impact of air quality (AQ) on hotel sales (HS) and then empirically tests this nonlinear ...effect using data from 26 major tourist cities in China from 2002 to 2016. The results of dynamic panel regression test based on estimations of the system generalized method of moments reveal an inverse U-shaped impact of AQ (measured by concentrations of the fine particulate matter, i.e. PM2.5) on HS and thus validate the proposal. Empirical findings offer valuable policy implications for hotel business owners and tourism authorities and policymakers.
The agreed participants were requested to provide us relevant information consisting of characteristics, chronic disease history, and for females, age at menopause. The radiograph was taken in the ...respective Community Health Service Center (CHSC), and the same protocol was adapted in each CHSC. Fasting blood samples included routine blood examinations (mainly hemoglobin), hepatic function (mainly alanine transaminase), renal function (mainly serum creatinine), serum lipids (mainly serum cholesterol), and fasting blood glucose. In this study, we collected 11 characteristics of all participants: age, BMI, YSM for females, and disease history including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, hyperlipidemia, chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, and malignant tumor.
We have found 31 confirmed and 27 suspected cases of babesiosis caused by a previously unreported Babesia crassa-like species in northeastern China.
Abstract
Background
Human babesiosis is an ...emerging health problem in China.
Methods
Babesia were identified in ticks, sheep, and humans in northeastern China using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by genetic sequencing. We enrolled residents who experienced a viral-like illness after recent tick bite or were healthy residents. We defined a case using the definition for babesiosis developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Results
A Babesia crassa-like agent was identified in Ixodes persulcatus and Haemaphysalis concinna ticks using PCR followed by sequencing. The agent was characterized through phylogenetic analyses of the 18S rRNA gene, the β-tubulin gene, and the internal transcribed spacer region. We tested sheep as a possible reservoir and found that 1.1% were infected with the B. crassa-like agent. We screened 1125 human participants following tick bites using B. crassa-specific PCR and identified 31 confirmed and 27 suspected cases. All the patients were previously healthy except for 1 with an ovarian tumor. Headache (74%), nausea or vomiting (52%), and fever (48%) were the most common clinical manifestations of confirmed cases. Six of 10 cases remained PCR positive for B. crassa-like infection 9 months after initial diagnosis. Asymptomatic infections were detected in 7.5% of 160 local residents.
Conclusions
We identified B. crassa-like infection in people in northeastern China that caused mild to moderate symptoms. The possibility of more severe disease in immunocompromised patients and of transmission through the blood supply due to asymptomatic infections justifies further investigation of this reported infection.
Bioadhesives have been widely used in hemostasis and tissue repair, but the overmoist and wet nature of wound surface (due to the presence of blood and/or wound exudate) has led to poor wet adhesion ...of bioadhesives, which interrupts the continuous care of wounds. Here, a thirsty polyphenolic silk granule (Tan@SF-pwd-hydro), which absorbs blood and exudate to self-convert to robust bioadhesives (Tan@SF-gel-hydro) in situ, was facilely developed in this study for enhanced wet adhesion toward hemostasis and tissue repair. Tan@SF-pwd-hydro could shield wounds’ wetness and immediately convert itself to Tan@SF-gel-hydro to seal wounds for hemorrhage control and wound healing. The maximum adhesiveness of Tan@SF-gel-hydro over wet pigskin was as high as 59.8 ± 2.1 kPa. Tan@SF-pwd-hydro is a promising transformative dressing for hemostasis and tissue repair since its hemostatic time was approximately half of that of the commercial hemostatic product, CeloxTM, and its healing period was much shorter than that of the commercial bioadhesive product, TegadermTM. This pioneering study utilized adverse wetness over wounds to arouse robust adhesiveness by converting thirsty granules to bioadhesives in situ, creatively turning adversity into opportunities. The facile fabrication approach also offers new perspectives for manufacturing sustainability of biomaterials.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Besides targeting the well‐known oncogenic c‐Met, crizotinib is the first oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor inhibiting anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in clinical trials for the ...treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer. Here, we assessed the possible reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) by crizotinib in vitro and in vivo.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
1‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐3,5‐ diphenylformazan was used in vitro and xenografts in nude mice were used in vivo to investigate reversal of MDR by crizotinib. To understand the mechanisms for MDR reversal, the alterations of intracellular doxorubicin or rhodamine 123 accumulation, doxorubicin efflux, ABCB1 expression level, ATPase activity of ABCB1 and crizotinib‐induced c‐Met, Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were examined.
KEY RESULTS
Crizotinib significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents which are also ABCB1 substrates, in MDR cells with no effect found on sensitive cells in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, crizotinib significantly increased intracellular accumulation of rhodamine 123 and doxorubicin and inhibited the drug efflux in ABCB1‐overexpressing MDR cells. Further studies showed that crizotinib enhanced the ATPase activity of ABCB1 in a concentration‐dependent manner. However, expression of ABCB1 was not affected, and reversal of MDR by crizotinib was not related to the phosphorylation of c‐Met, Akt or ERK1/2. Importantly, crizotinib significantly enhanced the effect of paclitaxel against KBv200 cell xenografts in nude mice.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
Crizotinib reversed ABCB1‐mediated MDR by inhibiting ABCB1 transport function without affecting ABCB1 expression or blocking the Akt or ERK1/2 pathways. These findings are useful for planning combination chemotherapy of crizotinib with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
We conducted an investigation of Borrelia miyamotoi infections in humans and ticks in northeastern China. Of 984 patients reporting recent tick bites, 14 (1.4%) were found to be infected with B. ...miyamotoi by PCR and genomic sequencing. The 14 patients had nonspecific febrile manifestations, including fever, headache, anorexia, asthenia, and arthralgia. Rash, eschar, and regional lymphadenopathy were each observed in 1 patient. Four (28.6%) patients were hospitalized because of severe disease. B. miyamotoi was detected in 3.0% (19/627) of Ixodes persulcatus, 1 (2.8%) of 36 Haemaphysalis concinna, and none of 29 Dermacentor silvarum ticks. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of a nearly entire 16s rRNA gene, a partial flagellin gene, and the glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase gene revealed that B. miyamotoi identified in patients and ticks were clustered in the group of the Siberian type. These findings indicate that B. miyamotoi is endemic in northeastern China and its public health significance deserves further investigation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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