The study reports on an analysis of a chosen corpus in the emergent domain of digital humanities (DH). In contrast to other studies of the DH literature that focus on publications in the west, this ...study examines 129 papers published in the proceedings of the International Conferences of Digital Archives and Digital Humanities that were held in Taiwan between 2009 and 2016. In all, 236 individual authors from 15 countries contributed at least one paper; 50 domains were represented. Three East Asian countries (Taiwan, China, and Japan) show a dominating presence, and top three domains (computer science, history, and Chinese) have the highest numbers of participants and highest numbers of first authors. Unlike their counterparts in the humanities, the papers in the study have a much higher percentage of collaborative works. More than half of the papers that are collaborative works are interdisciplinary, but only one-fifth involve international collaboration. Proportionally, computer scientists' participation rate decreases and humanists' rate increases, however modestly, from 2012 onward. The study also investigates digital technology's impact on DH in various stages of the information lifecycle. More than two-thirds of the papers discuss technology's impact in the area of consuming data from digital collections for various purposes, with the impact on building retrieval systems/online platforms coming in second at 26.6%. Among different years, the first year is exceptional in showing high interest in the impact on building digital collections, building knowledge organization systems, and building retrieval systems but low interest in the impact on data consumption. Humanists in general are more attentive to the impact on consumption than technologists, while the latter lean toward the impact on building retrieval systems. Without any claim to comprehensiveness or representativeness, the study provides a snapshot of the DH literary output.
This article aims to examine the intellectual landscape of the domain of culture and ethics in knowledge organization (KO). A domain analysis was conducted on a corpus of 206 relevant papers using ...bibliometric methods such as author co-citation analysis. The findings revealed a core group of influential authors consisting of Olson, Beghtol, and other influential KO researchers. The most prominent research themes that constitute this scientific community have also been investigated by reviewing some fundamental concepts and influential works in the domain.
Abstract
Objective
This article reports results from a systematic literature review of the current state of mobile health (mHealth) technologies that have the potential to support self-management for ...people with diabetes and hypertension. The review aims to (a) characterize mHealth technologies used or described in the mHealth literature and (b) summarize their effects on self-management for people with diabetes and hypertension from the clinical and technical standpoints.
Materials and Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Online databases were searched in September 2018 to identify eligible studies for review that had been published since 2007, the start of the smartphone era. Data were extracted from included studies based on the PICOS framework.
Results
Of the 11 studies included for in-depth review, 5 were clinical research examining patient health outcomes and 6 were technology-focused studies examining users’ experiences with mHealth technologies under development. The most frequently used mHealth technology features involved self-management support (n = 11) followed by decision support (n = 6) and shared decision-making (n = 6). Most clinical studies reported benefits associated with mHealth interventions. These included reported improvements in objectively measured patient health outcomes (n = 3) and perceptual or behavioral outcomes (n = 4).
Discussion
Although most studies reported promising results in terms of the effects of mHealth interventions on patient health outcomes and experience, the strength of evidence was limited by the study designs.
Conclusion
More randomized clinical trials are needed to examine the promise and limitations of mHealth technologies as assistive tools to facilitate the self-management of highly prevalent comorbidity of chronic conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension.
•The proposed three-layer coding scheme could help analyze features of mHealth apps.•mHealth apps for multiple chronic conditions (MCC) should help record different types of user data.•mHealth apps ...for MCC should help export and share desired types of data.
Diabetes and hypertension are two prevalent and related chronic conditions. To inform the design and development of mobile health applications (mHealth apps) for people living with multiple chronic conditions, this paper examines features mentioned in developers’ descriptions and user reviews of mHealth apps, along with users’ attitudes toward associated features.
Eleven top apps for diabetes and hypertension were identified from Google Play as of January 2020. Based on a stratified sampling strategy, 1,100 user reviews were selected to form the final dataset. Developers’ descriptions were also collected for analysis. Using the grounded theory approach, we developed a feature-oriented coding scheme, which was used to identify three levels of features mentioned in app descriptions and user reviews: feature group (the highest level), feature type (the second level), and individual feature (the lowest level). Users’ attitudes toward app features mentioned in user reviews were also analyzed.
Most top-rated apps for diabetes and hypertension under study were multifeatured, incorporating self-management, information sharing, and decision support features. At the feature-group level, most informative user reviews commented on features related to self-management, followed by decision support and information sharing. The four most frequently mentioned feature types were data entry, data export/import, data visualization, and assessment. Users expressed overwhelming positive attitudes toward app features across all feature categories. Based on users’ assessments of existing features and requests for additional features, design implications for app development are provided.
Despite the diversity of app features provided by mHealth apps and users’ primarily positive attitudes toward existing app features, more comprehensive and personalized features are expected by app users to satisfy their health needs. Beyond identifying app features in user reviews, future research may seek more in-depth feedback from real-life patients for app development and design using methods like interviews and focus groups, to further enhance the overall quality of relevant mHealth apps to better support users.
Current sight-centered designs and services in library and information science (LIS) do not effectively support blind and visually impaired (BVI) users. Simultaneously, there is a lack of studies ...focused on the research methods utilized in BVI research. This study analyzed 165 research papers retrieved from four LIS databases over a 40-year period. The uniqueness of BVI research methods on research design, data collection, and data analysis is highlighted. While survey and experiment are the two most commonly applied research designs in LIS research, survey and evaluation are the main research designs for BVI research. Concurrently, assessment report is a unique data collection method employed. More quantitative analysis was also applied in BVI research, and most of the qualitative analysis was not specified. This study reveals an opportunity to enhance the diverse approaches to BVI research and further satisfy BVI users' unique needs.
•Research methods applied to LIS studies of blind and visually impaired (BVI) users were examined for the first time.•Survey and evaluation were the main research designs for BVI research.•Assessment report was identified as a unique data collection method employed in BVI research.•BVI research involved more quantitative than qualitative analysis and was mostly descriptive.
This is the first study that compares types of orientation tactics that blind and sighted users applied in their initial interactions with a digital library (DL) and the associated factors. Multiple ...methods were employed for data collection: questionnaires, think‐aloud protocols, and transaction logs. The paper identifies seven types of orientation tactics applied by the two groups of users. While sighted users focused on skimming DL content, blind users concentrated on exploring DL structure. Moreover, the authors discovered 13 types of system, user, and interaction factors that led to the use of orientation tactics. More system factors than user factors affect blind users' tactics in browsing DL structures. The findings of this study support the social model that the sight‐centered design of DLs, rather than blind users' disability, prohibits them from effectively interacting with a DL. Simultaneously, the results reveal the limitation of existing interactive information retrieval models that do not take people with disabilities into consideration. DL design implications are discussed based on the identified factors.
•This is the first study to investigate blind and visually impaired (BVI) users’ coping tactics and their associated help-seeking situations•It clearly defines coping tactics in terms of their ...actions, goals, and associated situations•Eleven coping tactics that BVI users applied in non-DL environments were identified in the DL context; Narrowing down, broadening up, or paralleling search, and exploring relevant features were the tactics most often employed•Eight unique coping tactics were identified within the DL environments; Exploring DL page structure and exploring an accessible alternative were the most frequently applied tactics
The authors conducted the first study to investigate the types of coping tactics that blind and visually impaired (BVI) users applied when they encountered difficulties interacting with digital libraries (DLs). Coping tactics are defined as diverse action choices used by BVI users to accomplish specific goals in response to different types of help-seeking situations. Sixty-four participants were recruited throughout the United States. Multiple data collection methods were employed to collect data: pre-questionnaires, think-aloud protocols, transaction logs, and diaries. The study identified 19 types of coping tactics associated with the top five help-seeking situations. The findings were further compared with prior research to highlight the tactics previously identified from non-DL environments and unique coping tactics found only in the DL context. On the one hand, BVI participants brought their 11 types of coping tactics from non-DL environments into the DL context. Among them, Searching for keywords and Seeking human help are the coping tactics employed to address all of the top five situations in the DL environment. On the other hand, the combination of structural complexity, use of multimedia formats, and sight-centered designs found in DLs force BVI users to apply eight unique coping tactics in the DL context. The linear way of going through the DL structure led BVI users to explore DL page structure. At the same time, they had to Explore an accessible alternative to deal with inaccessible multimedia content. To support the coping tactics adopted from non-DL environments, the design suggestions focus on directly resolving situations, offering more options within DLs, and creating or enhancing features based on BVI users’ coping tactics. To support the unique coping tactics, the design implications concentrate on ways of reducing help-seeking situations.
Introduction. This study compares 30 blind and visually impaired users’ assessment of accessibility and usability of the two mobile platforms (mobile app and mobile web) of a digital library.
...Method. Triangulation of data collection was applied, including interviews, think-aloud protocols, transaction logs, post-platform interviews, and post-search interviews.
Analysis. Two steps of analysis were used. First, quantitative analysis was applied to compare assessments of participants towards two mobile platforms’ accessibility and usability. Second, qualitative data were analysed to identify types of design factors.
Results. Mobile app performs significantly better in all accessibility and usability variables except accessing information/objects. Most importantly, nine types of design factors are revealed in relation to blind and visually impaired users’ assessment of accessibility and usability for the two mobile platforms. Furthermore, the design problems of Mobile Web are associated with a responsive design that adjusts the digital library interface to a mobile device, the complexity of digital library structure and formats, and a sight-centred design that excludes blind and visually impaired users’ unique information-seeking behaviours.
Conclusion. Mobile platforms of digital libraries, especially mobile web, need to improve their designs. Design implications for mobile web are further discussed.
The goal of the administrative team of the Milwaukee Public Library (MPL) is to create policies that ensure successful use of the library services and collections on an uninterrupted basis by all the ...members of their community. The team has pursued strategies over a period of years to address potential barriers to use caused specifically by overdue materials and subsequent fines. The latest of these strategies produced a data set, available to MPL through the shared Milwaukee County Federated Library System, that allowed authorized MPL staff, in partnership with the School of Information Studies of the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (SOIS), to engage fine-constricted patrons in a review of library policies. Utilizing a telephone survey and focus groups, MPL/SOIS identified a constellation of issues that affect patrons’ use of the library beyond the single question of fines to engage the broader question of the impact of policies. Patrons indicated a desire for more communication strategies initiated by the library and an elimination of the collection agency and the associated fee, as well as a concern about who benefits from the fines that are collected. They also identified an underlying value for the library that supports that use. This dialogue produced a study that extends beyond simply the elimination of “barriers to use” to a more affirmative approach of supporting not just access, but relationship between the library and their patrons.
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