To promote the intelligent and efficient development of new energy grid connection management, this work first analyzes the current situation and problems in cost management for new energy grid ...connections. It is found that existing models are not effectively adaptable to complex and dynamic energy systems. Therefore, this work constructs a comprehensive monitoring system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This system monitors and collects the energy production and consumption data in real-time to simulate the processes of new energy generation, storage, transmission, and consumption. The model considers different types of new energy resources, including solar, wind, and a time-series production simulation method is employed to simulate the energy production process. Finally, an improved Informer model for intelligent cost management for new energy grid connection is built. The research results indicate that with the penetration of new energy, the system's idle capacity gradually increases, and the solar power generation also increases, but the utilization hours of solar energy slightly decrease. Moreover, the improved Informer model performs well in the management of new energy grid connections. The introduced Wasserstein distance improvement method positively enhances the model's prediction accuracy, with a decrease of 208.4 in Mean Squared Error, a reduction of 145.6 in Root Mean Squared Error, and a decrease of 7.14 in Mean Absolute Error. This work provides an innovative solution for IoT-based cost management of new energy grid connections, having theoretical significance and practical value.
Up against the energy shortage and aggravating environmental pollution, it is extremely urgent to develop renewable clean energy. With efficient energy storage and energy conversion, electrochemical ...energy storage is the key direction for the development of energy storage technology in the future. Besides, aqueous zinc ion battery has attracted researchers because of its low cost and high theoretical specific capacity. Cathode materials for aqueous zinc ion batteries are roughly divided into manganese-based compounds, vanadium-based compounds, Prussian blue analogues, etc, which usually use zinc metal as an anode. Electrolytes include solid hydrogel electrolytes and liquid ion electrolytes. However, some problems exist in cathode materials, such as elements dissolution and low discharge voltage, while anode materials have problems in zinc dendrite growth and side reactions, and water decomposition occurs in electrolytes. In recent years, researchers have devoted themselves to optimizing aqueous zinc ion batteries in different ways, so as to obtain their high performance. In this paper, the general situation of zinc ion battery is introduced at first, and then the research status is emphatically expounded from the perspectives of problems existing in cathode materials, anode materials, electrolyte, and their optimization methods, which provides references for developing high-performance aqueous zinc ion battery.
Medicine counterfeiting is a serious issue worldwide, involving potentially devastating health repercussions. Advanced anti-counterfeit technology for drugs has therefore aroused intensive interest. ...However, existing anti-counterfeit technologies are associated with drawbacks such as the high cost, complex fabrication process, sophisticated operation and incapability in authenticating drug ingredients. In this contribution, we developed a smart phone recognition based upconversion fluorescent three-dimensional (3D) quick response (QR) code for tracking and anti-counterfeiting of drugs. We firstly formulated three colored inks incorporating upconversion nanoparticles with RGB (i.e., red, green and blue) emission colors. Using a modified inkjet printer, we printed a series of colors by precisely regulating the overlap of these three inks. Meanwhile, we developed a multilayer printing and splitting technology, which significantly increases the information storage capacity per unit area. As an example, we directly printed the upconversion fluorescent 3D QR code on the surface of drug capsules. The 3D QR code consisted of three different color layers with each layer encoded by information of different aspects of the drug. A smart phone APP was designed to decode the multicolor 3D QR code, providing the authenticity and related information of drugs. The developed technology possesses merits in terms of low cost, ease of operation, high throughput and high information capacity, thus holds great potential for drug anti-counterfeiting.
Heart failure (HF) is the end-stage of cardiovascular diseases, which is associated with a high mortality rate and high readmission rate. Household early diagnosis and real-time prognosis of HF at ...bedside are of significant importance. Here, we developed a highly sensitive and quantitative household prognosis platform (termed as UC-LFS platform), integrating a smartphone-based reader with multiplexed upconversion fluorescent lateral flow strip (LFS). Dual-color core–shell upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were synthesized as probes for simultaneously quantifying two target antigens associated with HF, i.e., brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2). With the fluorescent LFS, we achieved the specific detection of BNP and ST2 antigens in spiked samples with detection limits of 5 pg/mL and 1 ng/mL, respectively, both of which are of one order lower than their clinical cutoff. Subsequently, a smartphone-based portable reader and an analysis app were developed, which could rapidly quantify the result and share prognosis results with doctors. To confirm the usage of UC-LFS platform for clinical samples, we detected 38 clinical serum samples using the platform and successfully detected the minimal concentration of 29.92 ng/mL for ST2 and 17.46 pg/mL for BNP in these clinical samples. Comparing the detection results from FDA approved clinical methods, we obtained a good linear correlation, indicating the practical reliability and stability of our developed UC-LFS platform. Therefore, the developed UC-LFS platform is demonstrated to be highly sensitive and specific for sample-to-answer prognosis of HF, which holds great potential for risk assessment and health monitoring of post-treatment patients at home.
Background
Obesity and weight gain have been associated with poor disease-specific and health-related outcomes in breast cancer survivors (BCS). But the benefits of weight loss in managing BCS have ...not been elucidated.
Objective
To evaluate the beneficial effects of weight loss programs in randomized controlled trials on BCS.
Methods
We searched English databases PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Chinese databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Weipu Information Chinese Periodical Service Platform (VIP), China Biomedical Literature Service System (SinoMed), and Wanfang from the inception to January 2021 and collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of weight loss programs for BCS. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. The data synthesis was performed on RevMan (version 5.3), and the publication bias was calculated with STATA (version 15.1).
Results
Ten RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The current study showed that diet and exercise interventions resulted in significant improvements in body weight (MD = − 4.43 kg, 95%CI: − 6.23 to − 2.63,
P
< 0.00001), waist circumference (MD = − 2.81 cm, 95%CI: − 4.37 to − 1.26,
P
= 0.004), hip circumference (MD = − 3.01 cm, 95%CI: − 4.24 to − 1.77,
P
< 0.0001), body mass index (MD = − 1.69 kg/m
2
, 95%CI: − 2.16 to − 1.21,
P
< 0.00001), systolic blood pressure (MD = − 12.12 mmHg, 95%CI: − 18.97 to − 5.27),
p
= 0.0005), C-reactive protein (MD = − 1.83 mg/L, 95% CI: − 2.74 to − 0.91,
p
< 0.0001), body fat (MD = − 1.19 kg, 95%CI: − 1.75 to − 0.63,
P
< 0.001), fat mass (MD = − 2.29 kg, 95%CI: − 3.12 to − 1.46,
P
< 0.0001), and lean body mass (MD = − 2.15 kg, 95%CI: − 3.66 to − 0.65,
P
= 0.005). Alternatively, compared with the effects of control interventions, weight loss programs did not affect fat-free mass, total cholesterol, low-density leptin cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and leptin (
P
> 0.05).
Conclusions
This review summarizes the benefits of weight loss programs for BCS. The results indicated that weight loss programs could significantly improve specific anthropometric outcomes but not affect biochemical indicators. Researchers should tailor weight loss interventions to the body fat status of BCS. Evidence to support the translation of effective weight loss intervention programs into wider-scale implementation is needed to be part of routine survivorship care.
Abstract Background The intricacies of nucleotide metabolism within tumor cells specific to colorectal cancer (CRC) remain insufficiently characterized. A nuanced examination of particular tumor ...clusters and their dynamic interplay with the tumor microenvironment (TME) may yield profound insights into these therapeutically auspicious communicative networks. Methods By integrating ten types of single-cell enrichment scoring methods, we carried out enrichment analysis on CRC cell types, which was validated through four additional single-cell cohorts. Groups of tumor cells were determined using the average values of the scores. Using cellphonedb, monocle, inferCNV, SCENIC, and Cytotrace, functional analyses were performed. Utilizing the RCTD approach, single-cell groupings were mapped onto spatial transcriptomics, analyzing cell dependency and pathway activity to distinguish between tumor cell subtypes. Differential expression analysis identified core genes in nucleotide metabolism, with single-cell and spatial transcriptomics analyses elucidating the function of these genes in tumor cells and the immune microenvironment. Prognostic models were developed from bulk transcriptome cohorts to forecast responses to immune therapy. Laboratory experiments were conducted to verify the biological function of the core gene. Results Nucleotide metabolism is significantly elevated in tumor cells, dividing them into two groups: NUhighepi and NUlowepi. The phenotype NUhighepi was discerned to exhibit pronounced malignant attributes. Utilizing the analytical tool stlearn for cell-to-cell communication assessment, it was ascertained that NUhighepi engages in intimate interactions with fibroblasts. Corroborating this observation, spatial transcriptome cell interaction assessment through MISTy unveiled a particular reliance of NUhighepi on fibroblasts. Subsequently, we pinpointed NME1, a key gene in nucleotide metabolism, affirming its role in thwarting metastasis via in vitro examination. Utilizing multiple machine learning algorithms, a stable prognostic model (NRS) has been developed, capable of predicting survival and responses to immune therapy. In addition, targeted drugs have been identified for both high and low scoring groups. Laboratory experiments have revealed that NME1 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of CRC tumor cells. Conclusion Our study elucidates the potential pro-tumor mechanism of NUhighepi and the role of NME1 in inhibiting metastasis, further deepening the understanding of the role of nucleotide metabolism in colorectal cancer, and providing valuable targets for disrupting its properties.
Purpose
To systematically assess the efficacy and side effects of scalp cooling in patients with breast cancer.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in October 2020 across Cochrane ...Library, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and four Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, and VIP database). Our review included all randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies. Two authors independently searched databases, screened studies, extracted data, and evaluated each included study’s methodological quality and risk bias. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.1 software package and Revman 5.3 software, with estimates of scalp cooling effect and its side effects from pooled using a random-effects model. This study has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42020216224).
Results
In total, 755 articles were screened and data from 27 studies involving 2202 participants were used in the meta-analysis. Studies meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were three randomized clinical trials, 12 cohort studies, and 12 cross-sectional studies. The effectiveness rate of using a scalp cooling device to protect hair was 61% (95% CI: 55 to 67%,
I
2
= 88%,
P
= 0.000). However, scalp cooling therapy’s side effects are not be ignored, such as headache, dizziness, scalp pain, neck pain, feeling cold, heaviness of the head, skin rash, nausea, and overtightened strap.
Conclusions
This review shows that scalp cooling devices can significantly improve the patients with breast cancer chemotherapy–induced alopecia, but the implications of its side effects provide guide for the implementation of this technology.
Our study aimed to investigate the C-peptide-releasing effect associated with the risk of elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the ...cross-sectional study, 345 patients with T2DM hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were consecutively enrolled, and their baseline data were collected. The study design used two parameters for C-peptide releasing effects: the multiplication effect of 1 h postprandial C-peptide to fasting C-peptide ratio (1hCp/FCp) and 2hCp/FCp; the incremental effect of 1hCp minus FCp (1hΔCp) and 2hΔCp. The patients with T2DM in the upper quartiles of SUA had higher FCp, 1hCp, 1hΔCp, 2hCp, and 2hΔCp. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that after adjusting all the confounding factors, the serum C-peptide including 1hCp (β = 5.14, p = 0.036), 1hΔCp (β = 7.80, p = 0.010), 2hCp (β = 4.27, p = 0.009) and 2hΔCp (β = 5.20, p = 0.005) were still positively correlated with SUA levels in patients with T2DM. In female patients, only the 2hCp (β = 4.78, p = 0.017) and 2hΔCp (β = 5.28, p = 0.019) were associated with SUA level; however, in male patients, no C-peptide parameter was associated with SUA levels in T2DM (all p > 0.05). Within a certain range, the elevated SUA levels might be associated with the better C-peptide incremental effect of islet β cell function in T2DM, especially in female patients.
Purpose
Coexistence of frailty and breast cancer (BC) is related to a higher risk of hospitalization, mortality, and falls. Given the potential reversibility of frailty, investigating its ...epidemiology in BC is of great importance. However, estimates of the prevalence of frailty in BC patients vary considerably. We synthesized the existing body of literature on the prevalence of frailty among BC patients.
Methods
We searched English databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) and Chinese databases (CNKI, WanFang, CBM, and VIP database) from the inception to April 15, 2021, and collected observational studies about the prevalence of frailty among BC patients. The robustness of the pooled estimates was validated by analysis of different subgroups, meta-regression, and sensitivity. All data were analyzed using Stata 15.1.
Results
In total, 4645 articles were screened and data from 24 studies involving 13,510 subjects were used in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of frailty among BC patients in individual studies varied from 5 to 71%. The pooled prevalence of frailty was 43% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 36% to 50%,
I
2
= 98.4%,
P
< 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that the therapeutic method, frailty scales, age, frailty stage, regions, publication years, and study quality were associated with the prevalence of frailty among BC patients.
Conclusions
The prevalence of frailty among BC patients was relatively high, and the conditions of BC treatment can increase the risk of frailty. Understanding the effects of frailty on BC, especially in elderly patients, can provide the healthcare personnel with the theoretical basis for patients’ management and treatment.
Using electronic devices at night can easily cause visual fatigue. We investigated the conjoint effects of color mode and luminance contrast on visual fatigue and subjective preference when using ...electronic devices under low screen luminance and low ambient illumination at night. A multidimensional approach based on eye and subjective measures was used to test 2 color modes (dark mode, light mode) and 6 luminance contrast ratios (0.969, 0.935, 0.868, 0.855, 0.725, 0.469) in a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">2 \times 6 </tex-math></inline-formula> experimental design. We used eye movement tracking technology to collect blink rate and pupil diameters, and used the Likert scale to measure subjective visual fatigue scale and preference. Results showed that reading in the dark mode reduced visual fatigue, as reflected by an increase in blink rate and pupil accommodation. Lower subjective visual fatigue scale and higher preference were found in the light mode due to subjects' using habits of dark texts on a light background. There was a significant negative correlation between (text-background) luminance contrast and visual fatigue, and subjects preferred higher luminance contrast. We observed the lowest visual fatigue under the luminance contrast of 0.969 in the dark mode, and the lowest subjective preference when the luminance contrast was lower than 0.725. We suggest the users should choose the dark mode to reduce visual fatigue when using electronic devices at night. These findings also provide a reference for the design of interactive interfaces such as tablets and mobile phones, and have practical implications for reducing visual fatigue.
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