Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayers have been widely used in agriculture. With the goals of using pesticides efficiently and reducing their dosage, we evaluated the effects of adding and not ...adding special adjuvants to UAV sprayers on droplet deposition and the control effect of leaf folder insects. The deposition quantity and coverage area of UAV sprayers with the Kao Adjuvant A-200® on rice leaves were better than those without the Kao Adjuvant A-200®. Regarding the control effect on rice leaf rollers, UAV sprayers with the Kao Adjuvant A-200® were also better, and they also met the pesticide residue limit for brown rice. Kao Adjuvant A-200® can improve the UAV sprayer’s droplet deposition and pest control effect. When the pesticide dosage was reduced by 30%, UAV sprayers with Kao Adjuvant A-200® can achieve a good control effect, which is very helpful in reducing the pesticide dosage.
This study investigated microwave extraction approach to extract lipids from the black soldier fly larval containing high lipids for biodiesel production. The comparison of the effects of different ...factors (solvent types, extraction temperature, and solute-solvent ratio) on the kinetics and thermodynamic of lipids extraction from the energy insect was investigated in detail. A mathematical model of lipids extraction from the pretreatment insect powder was proposed. The solid-solvent ratio and temperature can have a pronounced effect on lipids extraction rate k. The final yield of lipids increased by a factor of about 1.0–1.04 for extraction temperature elevated by 10 °C. The diffusion of lipids in the solvent constituted the limitation step in the process of extraction. The magnitudes of the diffusion coefficients range from 6.7 × 10−12–16.1 × 10−12 m2/s for three solvents used. The values of the activation energy Ea were 84.26 kJ mol−1 during the diffusion stage (30 °C–60 °C). At last, the three thermodynamic parameters results (ΔH, ΔS, ΔG) were also obtained from the extraction process.
•A new and promising feedstock for biodiesel production has been proposed.•The kinetics and thermodynamic of lipids extraction from the energy insect were studied.•A mathematical model of lipids extraction from the pretreatment insect powder was proposed.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with ETV6::CHIC2 and basophilia is rare in hematologic malignancies with poor prognosis. Due to the small number of clinical cases, it is misdiagnosed and missed ...frequently, and it is necessary to explore laboratory detection for accurate diagnosis.OBJECTIVESAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) with ETV6::CHIC2 and basophilia is rare in hematologic malignancies with poor prognosis. Due to the small number of clinical cases, it is misdiagnosed and missed frequently, and it is necessary to explore laboratory detection for accurate diagnosis.We report a case of AML with ETV6::CHIC2 and basophilia by morphological screening, immunotyping with precise gating, interpretation of FISH results, and RNA transcriptome sequencing, thus laying the accurate diagnosis for clinical treatment.METHODSWe report a case of AML with ETV6::CHIC2 and basophilia by morphological screening, immunotyping with precise gating, interpretation of FISH results, and RNA transcriptome sequencing, thus laying the accurate diagnosis for clinical treatment.We confirmed a rare case of AML with ETV6::CHIC2 rather than FIP1L1::PDGFRA by morphological analysis, correct immunophenotyping via precise gating, rejecting one-sided view of FISH positive result and targeted RNA sequencing. Precise analysis and more advanced means avoid misdiagnosis and missed frequently. After accurate diagnosis, venetoclax and decitabine therapy were given instead of imatinib; eventually, the patient achieved a relatively good effect.RESULTSWe confirmed a rare case of AML with ETV6::CHIC2 rather than FIP1L1::PDGFRA by morphological analysis, correct immunophenotyping via precise gating, rejecting one-sided view of FISH positive result and targeted RNA sequencing. Precise analysis and more advanced means avoid misdiagnosis and missed frequently. After accurate diagnosis, venetoclax and decitabine therapy were given instead of imatinib; eventually, the patient achieved a relatively good effect.Immunophenotype analysis is necessary to detect the expression of CD7 when encountering pseudo-lymphocytes with multilineage dysplasia and basophilia. FISH and RT-PCR are still indispensable means of diagnosis of fusion genes in hematologic malignancies but can only detect a limited number of known partner genes and fusion genes with known break points. NGS can achieve sequence analysis indiscriminately and detect all fusion transcripts theoretically, greatly improving the detection range. NGS sequencing is required for t(4;12)(q11;p13) in AML that are not accompanied by eosinophilia.DISCUSSIONImmunophenotype analysis is necessary to detect the expression of CD7 when encountering pseudo-lymphocytes with multilineage dysplasia and basophilia. FISH and RT-PCR are still indispensable means of diagnosis of fusion genes in hematologic malignancies but can only detect a limited number of known partner genes and fusion genes with known break points. NGS can achieve sequence analysis indiscriminately and detect all fusion transcripts theoretically, greatly improving the detection range. NGS sequencing is required for t(4;12)(q11;p13) in AML that are not accompanied by eosinophilia.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To analyze the distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and evaluate their potential ecological risks, the concentrations of 16 PAHs were measured in 43 surface sediment ...samples from the Bering Sea and western Arctic Ocean. Total PAH (tPAH) concentrations ranged from 36.95 to 150.21ng/g (dry weight). In descending order, the surface sediment tPAH concentrations were as follows: Canada Basin>northern Chukchi Sea>Chukchi Basin>southern Chukchi Sea>Aleutian Basin>Makarov Basin>Bering Sea shelf. The Bering Sea and western Arctic Ocean mainly received PAHs of pyrogenic origin due to pollution caused by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. The concentrations of PAHs in the sediments of the study areas did not exceed effects range low (ERL) values.
•The concentrations of PAHs in the sediments of the Bering Sea and western Arctic Ocean did not exceed the effects range low.•Fuel combustion was the primary source of PAHs in the surface sediments of the Bering Sea and the western Arctic Ocean.•The distribution and migration of PAHs in marine sediments of study areas are affected by different factors.
The flexible self-powered display system integrating a flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and flexible alternating current electroluminescence (ACEL) has attracted increasing attention for ...its promising potential in human–machine interaction applications. In this work, a performance-enhanced MXene/cellulose nanofibril (CNF)/MXene-based TENG (MCM-TENG) is reported for powering a flexible patterned ACEL device in order to realize self-powered display. The MCM multilayer composite film was self-assembled through the layer-by-layer method. The MCM film concurrently acted as a triboelectric layer and electrode layer due to its high conductivity and strength. Moreover, the effect of CNF concentration and number of layers on the output performance of TENG was investigated. It was found that the MCM-TENG realized the optimum output performance. Finally, a flexible self-powered display device was realized by integrating the flexible TENG and ACEL. The MCM-TENG with an output voltage of ≈90 V at a frequency of 2 Hz was found to be efficient enough to power the ACEL device. Therefore, the as-fabricated flexible TENG demonstrates a promising potential in terms of self-powered displays and human–machine interaction.
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Taxifolin is a kind of flavanonol, whose antioxidant ability is superior to that of ordinary flavonoids compounds owing to its special structure. However, its low bioavailability is a ...major obstacle for biomedical applications, so the experiment is designed to prepare taxifolin nanoparticles by liquid antisolvent precipitation (LAP) to improve its bioavailability. We selected ethanol as solvent, deionized water as antisolvent, and investigated primarily the type of surfactant and adding amount, drug concentration, volume ratio of antisolvent to solvent, precipitation temperature, dropping speed, stirring speed, stirring time factors affecting drug particles size. Results showed that the poloxamer 188 was selected as the surfactant and the particle size of taxifolin obviously reduced with the increase of the poloxamer 188 concentration, the drug concentration and the dropping speed from 0.08% to 0.45%, from 0.04g/ml to 0.12g/ml, from 1ml/min to 5ml/min, respectively, when the volume ratio of antisolvent to solvent increased from 2.5 to 20, the particle size of taxifolin first increased and then decreased, the influence of precipitation temperature, stirring speed, stirring time on particle size were not obvious, but along with the increase of mixing time, the drug solution would separate out crystallization. The optimum conditions were: the poloxamer 188 concentration was 0.25%, the drug concentration was 0.08g/ml, the volume ratio of antisolvent to solvent was 10, the precipitation temperature was 25°C, the dropping speed was 4ml/min, the stirring speed was 800r/min, the stirring time was 5min. Taxifolin nanosuspension with a MPS of 24.6nm was obtained under the optimum conditions. For getting taxifolin nanoparticles, the lyophilization method was chosen and correspondingly γ-cyclodextrin was selected as cryoprotectant from γ-cyclodextrin, mannitol, lactose, glucose. Then the properties of raw taxifolin and taxifolin nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermo gravimetric (TG), and the conclusion was drawn that taxifolin nanoparticles can be converted into an amorphous form but its chemical construction cannot been changed. Furthermore, dissolving capability test, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and reducing power assay, solvent residue test were also carried out. The experimental data showed that the solubility and the dissolution rate of taxifolin nanoparticles were about 1.72 times and 3 times of raw taxifolin, the bioavailability of taxifolin nanoparticles increased 7 times compared with raw taxifolin, and the antioxidant capacity of taxifolin nanoparticles was also superior to raw taxifolin. Furthermore, the residual ethanol of the taxifolin nanoparticles was less than the ICH limit for class 3 solvents of 5000ppm or 0.5% for solvents and could be used for pharmaceutical. These results suggested that taxifolin nanoparticles might have potential value to become a new oral taxifolin formulation with high bioavailability.
Glyphosate (GLY), the preeminent herbicide utilized globally, is known to be exposed to the environment and population on a chronic basis. Exposure to GLY and the consequent health risks are alarming ...public health problems that are attracting international attention. However, the cardiotoxicity of GLY has been a matter of dispute and uncertainty. Here, AC16 cardiomyocytes and zebrafish were exposed to GLY. This study found that low concentrations of GLY lead to morphological enlargement of AC16 human cardiomyocytes, indicating a senescent state. The increased expression of P16, P21, and P53 following exposure to GLY demonstrated that GLY causes senescence in AC16. Moreover, it was mechanistically confirmed that GLY-induced senescence in AC16 cardiomyocytes was produced by ROS-mediated DNA damage. In terms of in vivo cardiotoxicity, GLY decreased the proliferative capacity of cardiomyocytes in zebrafish through the notch signaling pathway, resulting in a reduction of cardiomyocytes. It was also found that GLY caused zebrafish cardiotoxicity associated with DNA damage and mitochondrial damage. KEGG analysis after RNA-seq shows a significant enrichment of protein processing pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) after GLY exposure. Importantly, GLY induced ER stress in AC16 cells and zebrafish by activating PERK–eIF2α–ATF4 pathway. Our study has thus provided the first novel insights into the mechanism underlying GLY-induced cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, our findings emphasize the need for increased attention to the potential cardiotoxic effects of GLY.
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•Glyphosate induced senescence in AC16 cell.•Glyphosate inhibited cardiomyocyte proliferation in zebrafish.•Glyphosate induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in AC16 cell and zebrafish.•GLY activated the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling pathway.
This study aimed to assess the radii of the distal and posterior articular surfaces of the medial femoral condyle in a Chinese population and provide detailed parameters of the knee joint for the ...future design of UKA components.
This study included 500 consecutive Chinese patients who underwent knee MRI from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020. The two most appropriate circles were used to reveal the distal and posterior joint surfaces in the sagittal plane of the MRI images. The radius of the circle representing the distal articular surface in the sagittal plane was measured as R1, and the radius of the posterior articular surface was measured as R2. The distance between the centers of the two rotation circles was recorded as d. An independent t test was used to compare the differences between men and women. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to analyze the correlation between R1 and R2. SPSS v19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.
The average values of R1, R2, R1/R2 and d were calculated. Scatter plots were constructed to show the trend of changes in the radius of the distal and posterior articular surfaces of the femoral condyle. R1, R2 and d differed significantly between men and women (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that R1 was positively correlated with R2 (r = 0.61, p < 0.05).
The data of the radii of the distal and posterior articular surfaces of the medial femoral condyle were provided. In the UKA design, the relationships between the radii of the distal and posterior articular surfaces should be taken into account.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The liquefaction in saturated sands under blast loading is an important research topic in geotechnical engineering. The effect of blast loading on the liquefaction characteristics of saturated sands ...was studied through a large-scale millisecond delay blasting (MDB) liquefaction field test. Based on the field test, a numerical model was established by the LS-DYNA finite element program to study the propagation of blast waves and the effects of explosive mass, scaled distance, and blast delay on the liquefaction characteristics of saturated sands. The results show that there was a significant sand boiling phenomenon in saturated sands under blast loading, and high values of the excess pore water pressure ratio were observed at monitoring points during the field test. The numerical simulation results show that the scaled distance and the blast delay significantly affected the excess pore water pressure. While the blast delay increased from 110 ms to 330 ms, the excess pore water pressure of the central area can increase by more than 18%. Based on the field and numerical tests, an empirical equation is established that can take into account both the scaled distance and blast delay, which provides a theoretical basis for future large-scale liquefaction sites by MDB.
•Liquefaction and sand boiling in saturated sands by millisecond delay blasting (MDB) was observed.•Based on field test, the effects of explosive mass and blast delay on liquefaction were investigated by LS-DYNA.•The empirical equation of the liquefaction caused by MDB was established.
In order to improve the solubility of its oral drug deliver system, amphotericin B (AmB) nanoparticles were prepared by liquid antisolvent precipitation, followed by freeze-drying. The amorphous AmB ...nanoparticles were obtained with MPS of 135.1nm. The AmB nanoparticles exhibit 2.1 times faster dissolution rate and 13 times equilibrium solubility compared with raw drug. AmB nanoparticles show the potential of improving its oral absorption. Display omitted
We prepared amphotericin B (AmB) nanoparticles through liquid antisolvent precipitation (LAP) and by freeze-drying to improve the solubility of AmB for oral administration. The LAP was optimized through a single-factor experiment. We determined the effects of surfactants and their concentration, the stirring time, the precipitation temperature, the stirring intensity, the drug concentration and the volume ratio of antisolvent to solvent on the mean particle size (MPS) of the AmB nanoparticles. Increased stirring intensity and precipitation time favored AmB nanoparticles with smaller MPS, but precipitation times exceeding 30min did not further reduce the MPS. Increased Tween-80 concentration and the drug concentration decreased the MPS of the AmB nanoparticles. Increased precipitation temperature and antisolvent to solvent volume ratio initially decreased the MPS of the AmB nanoparticles, which increased thereafter. Optimum conditions produced AmB nanoparticles with an MPS of 135.1nm. The AmB nanoparticles were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mass spectrometry (MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TG), solvent residue, drug purity test, and dissolution testing. The analyses indicated that the chemical structure of AmB remained unchanged in the nanoparticles, but the structure was changed from crystalline to amorphous. The residual DMSO in the nanoparticles was 0.24% less than the standard set by the International Conference on Harmonization limit for class III solvents. The AmB nanoparticles exhibited 2.1 times faster dissolution rates and 13 times equilibrium solubility compared with the raw drug. The detection results indicate that the AmB nanoparticles potentially improved the oral absorption of AmB.
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