Background: H. pylori ( Helicobacter pylori ) infections typically occur in early childhood. Although the prevalence of H. pylori in children is lower than that in adults, the eradication rate of ...this infection in children is relatively low because of resistance. In this study, we analyzed personalized treatment strategies to achieve treatment goals based on H. pylori resistance characteristics. This retrospective single-center study was conducted between January 2019 and December 2022 and enrolled 1,587 children who presented with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and underwent endoscopy. H. pylori culturing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed. Results: Culture-positive results for H. pylori were obtained in 535 children. The resistance rates to clarithromycin (CLA), metronidazole (MET), and levofloxacin (LEV) were 39.8%, 78.1%, and 20.2%, respectively. None of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline (TET), amoxicillin (AMO), or furazolidone (FZD). Double resistance rates to CLA + MET, CLA + LEV, and MET + LEV were 19.1%, 3.0%, and 5.8%, respectively. Notably, triple-resistant to CLA + MET + LEV was 9.7%. Based on susceptibility tests, individualized triple therapy proton pump inhibitor (PPI) +AMO + CLA/MET was selected for 380 children with H. pylori sensitive to MET and/or CLA. In 155 children resistant to CLA and MET, bismuth-based quadruple therapy was recommended; for unable to receive bismuth, concomitant therapy was recommended for 14 children (<8 years of age); triple therapy with TET was recommended for 141 children (>8 years of age), with 43 children (>14 years of age) requiring FZD rather than TET. Conclusion: Resistance to H. pylori in Chinese children was relatively poor. Personalized therapy regimens should be based on susceptibility tests and avoided factors associated with treatment failure.
•A novel method for investment builds from classic statistics and deep-learning.•Portfolio formation by mean-variance and deep learning for predictive finance.•Emphasis on preselection of high ...quality assets.•Considering long-term dependences in time-series fluctuation.•The results outperform other strategies with respect to potential returns and risks.
Portfolio theory is an important foundation for portfolio management which is a well-studied subject yet not fully conquered territory. This paper proposes a mixed method consisting of long short-term memory networks and mean-variance model for optimal portfolio formation in conjunction with the asset preselection, in which long-term dependences of financial time-series data can be captured. The experiment uses a large volume of sample data from the UK Stock Exchange 100 Index between March 1994 and March 2019. In the first stage, long short-term memory networks are used to forecast the return of assets and select assets with higher potential returns. After comparing the outcomes of the long short-term memory networks against support vector machine, random forest, deep neural networks, and autoregressive integrated moving average model, we discover that long short-term memory networks are appropriate for financial time-series forecasting, to beat the other benchmark models by a very clear margin. In the second stage, based on selected assets with higher returns, the mean-variance model is applied for portfolio optimisation. The validation of this methodology is carried out by comparing the proposed model with the other five baseline strategies, to which the proposed model clearly outperforms others in terms of the cumulative return per year, Sharpe ratio per triennium as well as average return to the risk per month of each triennium. i.e. potential returns and risks.
In recent years, numerous risk events of P2P online lending platforms in China have highlighted the importance of government supervision. From the perspective of government dual-objective ...optimization, two strategies "First regulate and then motivate" and "First motivate and then regulate" are presented, respectively. The timing strategy choice of supervision and incentive of P2P platform is analyzed through game theory modeling and numerical simulation. The results show that the government should first motivate and then regulate the P2P lending platforms; moreover, in the parallel stage of regulatory and incentive mechanism, the government should pay more attention to the economic benefits brought by the P2P lending industry so as to achieve the dual-objective optimization and utility maximization. This paper not only enriches the theoretical literature on management of P2P lending platforms but also provides practical guidance for the government on the supervision of P2P lending industry or other emerging industries.
•The physical properties of the bio-jet fuel can be adjusted by controlling the CC coupling conditions.•The alkane with spiro ring structure has the low freezing point.•W/O microemulsion formed by ...the NaOH solution and cyclohexane favors the aldol condensation.•The density of the jet fuel is 0.869 g·ml−1 and the freezing point is lower than −60℃.
Production of jet fuel with high performance is attractive in the field of biomass utilization. This paper provides a way to controllably produce renewable jet fuel with high-density and low-freezing point by the condensation of biomass-derived cyclopentanone and followed hydrodeoxygenation. It is found that the freezing point of the jet fuel decreased rapidly with the increase of the content of spirocyclic alkane and the density increased gradually with content of tricyclic alkane. And the composition of jet fuel can be adjusted by controlling the reaction conditions of cyclopentanone condensation. At 30 °C and 3 h, the precursors of jet fuel were prepared by condensation of cyclopentanone over NaOH catalyst and the final obtained HDO products were comprised of 54.56% bicyclopentane, 31.88% tricyclic alkane and 13.56% spirocyclic alkane. The density of the jet fuel was 0.869 g·ml−1 and the freezing point was less than −60 °C. These parameters are obviously superior to that of commercial Jet-A.
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•High-density fuel was obtained by one-pot Mannich–Michael reaction and subsequent HDO.•H+ derived from AcOH play a key role in the carbonyl activation and proton-transfer.•Chloroform ...with appropriate polarity promotes condensation reaction by proton transfer.•Combination of alkali-treated Hβ25 and Pd/C has higher catalytic activity for HDO.
Cycloalkanes jet fuel with high-density derived from biomass are the ideal alternative to fossil fuel. The one-pot Mannich-Michael reaction of cyclopentanone and formaldehyde followed by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a prospective route for the synthesis of cyclic high-density jet fuel. The synergistic interaction of pyrrolidine with acetic acid exhibited high catalytic activity in the one-pot Mannich-Michael reaction under mild conditions (50 ℃, 6 h). Additionally, solvents with appropriate polarity promote proton transfer to form Mannich bases, which are subsequently decomposed to produce 2-methylenecyclopentanone as the substrate for Michael addition. Thus, a high yield of condensed products (92.3%) with 93.3% conversion of cyclopentanone was obtained via an enamine catalytic pathway. The alkali-treated Hβ25-1 combined with Pd/C effectively catalyze the HDO of condensate products. The alkali-treated Hβ25-1 with larger mesoporous volume and sufficient acid sites lead to a high yield of dicyclopentylmethane (73.6%). The density and heating value of the HDO liquid products were 0.906 g/cm3 and 40.5 MJ/L, respectively. This work provided a novel route for high-density jet-fuel from lignocellulosic platform compounds.
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•An 87.01% yield of C11 was selectively synthesized at 60 °C within 3 h.•The overactivation of FFR was prevented by forming CN with the –NH2 in chitosan.•The polarity of H2O increased ...the nucleophilicity of α-C leading to the high yield.
Aldol condensation is a key step for converting the lignocellulosic platform compounds to fuel. The catalyst used in the aldol condensation requires the avoidance of the overactivation of aldehyde groups while fully activating ketone carbonyl groups. Herein, the modified chitosan (NaOH/CT-0.6) was applied for the efficient syntheses of single condensation product from biomass-derived furfural (FFR) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), achieving an 87.01% yield of C11 at 60 °C and 3 h. Catalyst characterization revealed that the exposure of –NH2 groups in chitosan after modification led to the formation of the imine with the CO groups of FFR. It was confirmed that the imine formation avoided the overactivation of aldehyde groups and improved cross-condensation product yield. Furthermore, the theoretical feasibility of the imine catalytic path was elucidated through DFT simulation and in situ DRIFTS analysis. Finally, the obtained condensation products were subjected to hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) over the 2 wt% Pd/Nb2O5, obtaining the hydrocarbon components suitable for bio-jet fuels. This work contributes significantly to the design of novel catalysts for aldol condensation reactions and the efficient conversion of biomass.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to construct a multi-relational network for an online sharing platform in the age of the sharing economy, to identify the factors impacting users’ product ...adoption behavior and to predict consumers’ purchases of user-generated products on the platform. Design/methodology/approach The study conducted multi-relational network analyses of five different sub-networks in identifying influential factors for e-book adoption. Meanwhile, the study adopted machine learning methods with different classification algorithms and feature sets to predict users’ purchasing behaviors. Findings The authors found that an individual’s adoption of a product was correlated with his or her purchasing habits and collaboration with others on the online sharing platform. Through the inclusion of network features, the authors were able to build a predictive model that forecasted consumers’ purchases of user-generated e-books with reasonable accuracy. Research limitations/implications The interdisciplinary approach used in the study can serve as a good reference for identifying factors impacting the product adoption behavior of users in the online sharing platform, through employing different sociological and computational methods. Practical implications The outcome of the study has provided important managerial implications, especially for the design of social commerce platform in the age of the sharing economy. Social implications The authors verified the social influence impacting consumers’ product adoption behavior and shed light on the value of collaboration in the age of the sharing economy. Originality/value The study was the first to identify user-generated e-book adoption on an online sharing platform from a multi-relational network perspective. The idea and the approach supplied a new method of behavioral analysis in the context of a sharing economy.
Europium-doped barium thioaluminate sputtering target was synthesized by powder sintering method and thin film was deposited by radio frequency(RF) sputtering.X-ray diffractometer(XRD) pattern ...indicated that the main compound of the target was BaAl4S7.Oxygen was the main impurity which led to the formation of BaAl2O4.It was shown that both BaAl4S7 and BaAl2S4 were contained in the as-grown thin films and a 471.7 nm emission peak in the PL spectra appeared due to a combination of BaAl4S7:Eu2+ and BaAl2S4:Eu2...
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to construct a multi-relational network for an online sharing platform in the age of the sharing economy, to identify the factors impacting users’ product ...adoption behavior and to predict consumers’ purchases of user-generated products on the platform.
Design/methodology/approach
The study conducted multi-relational network analyses of five different sub-networks in identifying influential factors for e-book adoption. Meanwhile, the study adopted machine learning methods with different classification algorithms and feature sets to predict users’ purchasing behaviors.
Findings
The authors found that an individual’s adoption of a product was correlated with his or her purchasing habits and collaboration with others on the online sharing platform. Through the inclusion of network features, the authors were able to build a predictive model that forecasted consumers’ purchases of user-generated e-books with reasonable accuracy.
Research limitations/implications
The interdisciplinary approach used in the study can serve as a good reference for identifying factors impacting the product adoption behavior of users in the online sharing platform, through employing different sociological and computational methods.
Practical implications
The outcome of the study has provided important managerial implications, especially for the design of social commerce platform in the age of the sharing economy.
Social implications
The authors verified the social influence impacting consumers’ product adoption behavior and shed light on the value of collaboration in the age of the sharing economy.
Originality/value
The study was the first to identify user-generated e-book adoption on an online sharing platform from a multi-relational network perspective. The idea and the approach supplied a new method of behavioral analysis in the context of a sharing economy.
Inorganic buffer layers such as SiO2 or TiO2 and transparent conductive indium-tin-oxide （ITO） films were prepared on polyethylene terephthalate （PET） substrates by ion assisted deposition （IAD） at ...room temperature, and the effects of SiO2 and TiOzon the bending resistance performance of flexible ITO films were investigated. The results show that ITO films with SiO2 or TiO2 buffer layer have better resistance stabilities compared to ones without the buffer layer when the ITO films are inwards bent at a bending radius more than 1.2 cm and when the ITO films are outwards bent at a bending radius from 0.8 cm to 1.2 cm. 1TO films with SiO2 buffer layer have better resistance sta- bilities compared to ones with TiO2 buffer layer after the ITO fdms are bent several hundreds of cycles at the same bending radius, for the adhesion of SiO2 is stronger than that of TiO2. The compressive stress resulted from inward bending leads to the formation of more defects in the ITO films compared with the tensile stress arising from outward bending. SiO2 and TiO2 buffer layers can effectively improve the crystallinity of ITO films in （400）, （440） directions.
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