Obesity is a well‐known risk factor for breast cancer formation and is associated with elevated mortality and a poor prognosis. An obesity‐mediated inflammatory microenvironment is conducive to the ...malignant progression of tumors. However, the detailed molecular mechanism is still needed to be clarified. Herein, we identified that breast cancer cells from mice with diet‐induced obesity exhibited increased growth, invasiveness, and stemness capacities. A transcriptome analysis revealed that expressions of interleukin 33 (IL33) signaling pathway‐related genes were elevated in obesity‐associated breast cancer cells. Importantly, IL33 expression was significantly associated with the yes‐associated protein (YAP) signature, and IL33 was transcriptionally regulated by YAP. Suppression of IL33 reduced tumor migration and invasion, while the addition of IL33 activated nuclear factor (NF)‐κB signaling and revived tumor mobility in YAP‐silenced cells. Furthermore, suppression of YAP attenuated IL33 expression which was accompanied by relief of obesity‐mediated immunosuppression. Clinical analyses showed that IL33 expression was markedly associated with macrophage and regulatory T cell infiltration. These findings reveal a crucial role of the YAP/IL33 axis in promoting aggressiveness and immunosuppression of obesity‐associated breast cancer progression.
Dysregulation of hormones is considered a risk factor for obesity‐mediated breast tumorigenesis; however, obesity is associated with poor outcomes among women diagnosed with triple‐negative breast ...cancer (TNBC), which is a hormone‐independent breast cancer subtype. Thus, identifying the driving force behind the obesity‐breast cancer relationship is an urgent need. Here it is identified that diet‐induced obesity (DIO) facilitates tumorigenesis of TNBC cells. Mechanistically, DIO induces a metabolic addiction to fatty acid oxidation (FAO), accompanied by coordinated activation of Yes‐associated protein (YAP) signaling. Specifically, YAP governs mitochondrial redox homeostasis via transcriptional regulation of antioxidant‐related enzymes, which renders tumor cells capable of extenuating FAO‐elicited mitochondrial oxidative stress. Moreover, adipocytes‐derived fatty acids are identified to be responsible for enhancing the FAO‐YAP axis and antioxidative capacity, and higher expression of an obesity signature in breast cancer patients is positively correlated with YAP signaling and antioxidant genes. The findings uncover the crucial role of YAP in dictating mitochondrial redox homeostasis for obesity‐mediated metabolic adaptation and breast tumor progression.
It is identified that Yes‐associated protein (YAP) governs mitochondria redox homeostasis through the regulation of antioxidant gene expressions in obesity‐associated breast cancer cells. Activation of YAP alleviates metabolic stress from fatty acid oxidation, resulting in decreased metabolic stress and the promotion of a survival advantage.
In this study, powders of steamed black soybeans and the Aspergillus awamori-fermented black soybeans (koji) were subjected to storage at 4 °C and 25 °C with or without deoxidant and desiccant for ...120 days. It was found that total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity including the DPPH radicals scavenging effect, Fe²⁺-chelating ability and reducing activity of the methanol extracts from black soybeans and koji decreased as the storage period was extended. Furthermore, storage temperature and packaging condition affected the antioxidant activity of the methanol extracts of black soybeans and koji. After 120-day storage, extract from black soybeans holding at 4 °C with deoxidant and desiccant exhibited the highest residual of DPPH radicals scavenging effect, Fe²⁺-chelating ability and reducing activity of 71.78%, 72.66% and 70.04%, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest residual of 77.78%, 81.71% and 85.05% respectively, was noted with extract from koji held at 25 °C with deoxidant and desiccant.
Black soybean koji, possessing antimutagenicity, has been suggested as a potential ingredient for the preparation of healthy food. The objective of this research was to determine the potential ...mutagenicity and the changes of antimutagenicity of the extract of
Aspergillus awamori-fermented black soybeans (koji) held at 4 and 25
°C with or without deoxidant and desiccant for a period of 120
days. It was found that no mutagenic compound formed during the storage period. Depending upon storage temperature and packaging condition, the antimutagenicity of the extract of koji reduced and was associated with a reduction in anthocyanin content during the storage period. Generally, koji stored at 4
°C with both deoxidant and desiccant retained the highest antimutagenicity among the various storage conditions examined. At the end of storage, the extract of black soybean stored at 4
°C with both deoxidant and desiccant retained 79.74 and 87.80% of its original antimutagenicity against 4-nitroquinoline-
N-oxide in
Salmonella Typhimurium TA98 and TA100, respectively. An extract of black soybean koji stored under similar storage condition showed an antimugenicity residual of 88.23 and 79.34% against benzoapyrene in
S. Typhimurium TA98 and TA100, respectively.
具強化機能特性之Aspergillus awamori發酵黑豆被認爲是健康食品配方中具有潛力之機能性配料。本研究乃在探討加熱處理（4-100℃，30分鐘）對此發酵黑豆中總酚類化合物及對花青素含量變化之影響，此外以Salmonella Thphimurium TA 100及 TA ...98爲測試菌株測試加熱處理後此發酵黑豆甲醇萃出物之致突變性及對4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide，一種直接型致突變劑與benzoapyrene，一種間接型致突變劑之抗致突變活性。結果顯示發酵黑豆經加熱處理後不具致突變性，在80℃或100℃加熱30分鐘，會降低其甲醇萃出物之抗致突變活性。此抗致突變活性之降低因所測試之S. Thphimurium 及致突變劑之不同而有所差異。而在100℃下加熱30分鐘仍具抗致突變活性。在40℃以上加熱亦會降低發酵黑豆中總酚類化合物之含量，至於花青素含量則維持相當穩定，直到加熱溫度提高至80℃以上。除外，此花青素含量之下降與抗致突變活性之降低具相關性。
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Aspergillus awamori-fermented black soybeans, a potential healthy food ingredient, possess antimutagenicity against 4-nitroquinoline-
N-oxide (4-NQO); a direct mutagen and benzo
apyrene (B
aP; an ...indirect mutagen). Results of this study revealed that antimutagenic, desmutagenic, and blocking effects all contributed to the antimutagenicity of the methanol of fermented black soybean. However, the desmutagenic effect of the fermented black soybean extract on B
aP is not caused by the interaction of intact B
aP or S9 mixture with the extract. Instead, it is due to the interaction of B
aP metabolites with the antimutagenic factors in the extract. Exposure to simulated gastric juice (pH 1.2) for 30
min or intestinal juice for 2
h resulted in a reduced antimutagenicity of fermented black soybean extract. Nevertheless, the simulated gastric juice treated-fermented black soybean extracts and the simulated intestinal juice treated-fermented black soybean extracts still possessed a considerable antimutagenic effect against 4-NQO and B
aP.
Measurements on an experimental active power line conditioner with a novel switch control scheme for the neural network controller, called "fixed-frequency with variable slope" control, are ...described. The results agree with simulations and show that the new system is a simple yet effective approach to line current harmonic compensation.
Summary Background Although there are several extensive studies on stroke risks and prevention, stroke has remained one of the top ten causes of death in Taiwan for many years. The key factor is a ...lack of an effective and non-invasive screening tool for stroke risk. The arterial stiffness index (ASI), which measures artery distensibility and is correlated with arthrosclerosis, is gaining popularity nowadays for stroke risk assessment. In our study, we investigated the relationship between stroke and ASI as well as other noninvasive screening tools such as the ankle brachial index (ABI) and arterial wave pattern. Methods This community-based prospective study was conducted between August 2005 and June 2006. The control group consisted of 629 volunteer adults above 30 years of age living in the northern Taipei area. The stroke group consisted of 266 newly diagnosed stroke patients. Participants completed a structured questionnaire, and blood samples were collected. In addition, a validated oscillometric automated digital blood pressure device was used to measure the participant's ASI, ABI and arterial wave pattern. The odds ratio was then computed to evaluate the association between each factor and stroke. Results Our study showed that abnormal ASI (ASI < 70) was associated with a six times higher risk of stroke. Even after adjustment, the adjusted odds ratio was still 1.8. We also found a significant association between stroke and both ABI and arterial wave pattern (odds ratios, 2.15 and 2.98, respectively). In addition, when we employed ASI and arterial wave pattern together, the adjusted odds ratio for stroke was 1.87. The odds ratio increased significantly to 10.53 when all three factors were taken into consideration. Conclusion Our study showed that ASI, arterial wave pattern and ABI are correlated with stroke risk. In addition, when all these factors are taken into consideration, they create a synergistic effect in evaluating the risk of stroke risk.
碩士
國立臺北大學
會計學系
105
If enterprises lack of internal control, CEOs may make harm to the companies interests and shareholders’ behavior. According to the optimal contracting theory, the boards ...understand the nature and connotation of the reporting figure and then adjust the compensation contracts. However, the managerial power approach considers that top executives will influence their contracts to obtain excess compensation. CEOs’ cash dividends affected by the accounting earnings, so for their own interests, CEOs have incentives to earnings management. And CEOs’ stock market dividends affected by market performance, lack of internal control will result in stock prices fall, so CEO have incentives to improve the quality of internal control. Therefore, this study explores whether the proportion of the cash dividends relative to the stock dividends will affect the sensitivity of internal control to compensation performance sensitivity.
In this study, the US listed companies, excluding financial industries, were s
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