The purpose of our meta-analysis and systematic review was to evaluate and compare the diagnostic effectiveness of 18FFET PET and 18FFDOPA PET in detecting glioma recurrence.
Sensitivities and ...specificities were assessed using the DerSimonian and Laird methodology, and subsequently transformed using the Freeman-Tukey double inverse sine transformation. Confidence intervals were computed employing the Jackson method, while heterogeneity within and between groups was evaluated through the Cochrane Q and I² statistics. If substantial heterogeneity among the studies was observed (P < 0.10 or I² > 50%), we conducted meta-regression and sensitivity analyses. Publication bias was assessed through the test of a funnel plot and the application of Egger's test. For all statistical tests, except for assessing heterogeneity (P < 0.10), statistical significance was determined when the two-tailed P value fell below 0.05.
Initially, 579 publications were identified, and ultimately, 22 studies, involving 1514 patients(1226 patients for 18FFET PET and 288 patients for 18FFDOPA PET), were included in the analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of 18FFET PET were 0.84 (95% CI, 0.75-0.90) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.80-0.91), respectively, while for 18FFDOPA PET, the values were 0.95 (95% CI, 0.86-1.00) for sensitivity and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.77-0.98) for specificity. A statistically significant difference in sensitivity existed between these two radiotracers (P=0.04), while no significant difference was observed in specificity (P=0.58).
It seems that 18FFDOPA PET demonstrates superior sensitivity and similar specificity to 18F FET PET. Nevertheless, it's crucial to emphasize that 18FFDOPA PET results were obtained from studies with limited sample sizes. Further larger prospective studies, especially head-to-head comparisons, are needed in this issue.
identifier CRD42023463476.
When Aristolochia plants wilt and decay, aristolochic acids (AAs) are released into the soil, causing soil contamination. It has been demonstrated that aristolochic acid can be accumulated and ...enriched in crops through plant uptake. However, there is a lack of systematic studies on the migration and accumulation of AAs in a realistic simulated soil environment. In this study, Aristolochia herbal extracts were mixed with soil for growing three typical vegetables: lettuce, celery, and tomato. The contents of AAs in the above-mentioned plants were determined by an established highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method to study the migration and accumulation of AAs. We found that AAs in the soil can be transferred and accumulated in plants. AAs first entered the roots, which were more likely to accumulate AAs, and partially entered the above-ground parts. This further confirms that AAs can enter the food chain through plants and can have serious effects on human health. It was also shown that plants with vigorous growth and a large size absorbed AAs from the soil at a faster rate. The more AAs present in the soil, the more they accumulated in the plant.
The high specific capacity of transition metal sulfides (TMSs) opens up a promising new development direction for lithium-ion batteries with high energy storage. However, the poor conductivity and ...serious volume expansion during charge and discharge hinder their further development. In this work, trimetallic sulfide Zn–Co–Fe–S@nitrogen-doped carbon (Zn–Co–Fe–S@N–C) polyhedron composite with a core–shell structure is synthesized through a simple self-template method using ZnCoFe–ZIF as precursor, followed by a dopamine surface polymerization process and sulfidation during high-temperature calcination. The obvious space between the internal core and the external shell of the Zn–Co–Fe–S@N–C composites can effectively alleviate the volume expansion and shorten the diffusion path of Li ions during charge and discharge cycles. The nitrogen-doped carbon shell not only significantly improves the electrical conductivity of the material, but also strengthens the structural stability of the material. The synergistic effect between polymetallic sulfides improves the electrochemical reactivity. When used as an anode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the prepared Zn–Co–Fe–S@N–C composite exhibits a high specific capacity retention (966.6 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at current rate of 100 mA g−1) and good cyclic stability (499.17 mA h g−1 after 120 cycles at current rate of 2000 mA g−1).
Arising incidence of metabolic disorders and related diseases caused by obesity is a global health concern. Elucidating the role of the immune system in this process will help to understand the ...related mechanisms and develop treatment strategies. Here, we have focused on innate immune cells in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and summarized the roles of these cells in maintaining the homeostasis of VAT. Furthermore, this review reveals the importance of quantitative and functional changes of innate immune cells when the metabolic microenvironment changes due to obesity or excess lipids, and confirms that these changes eventually lead to the occurrence of chronic inflammation and metabolic diseases of VAT. Two perspectives are reviewed, which include sequential changes in various innate immune cells in the steady state of VAT and its imbalance during obesity. Cross-sectional interactions between various innate immune cells at the same time point are also reviewed. Through delineation of a comprehensive perspective of VAT homeostasis in obesity-induced chronic inflammation, and ultimately metabolic dysfunction and disease, we expect to clarify the complex interactive networks among distinct cell populations and propose that these interactions should be taken into account in the development of biotherapeutic strategies.
In future, wings will be deployed in the span direction during flight. The deployment system improves flight ability and saves storage space in the airplane. For the safe design of the wing, the ...deployment motion needs to be simulated. In the simulation, the structural flexibility and aerodynamic unsteadiness should be considered because they may lead to undesirable phenomena such as a residual vibration after the deployment or a flutter during the deployment. In this study, the deployment motion is simulated in the time domain by using a nonlinear folding wing model based on multibody dynamics, absolute nodal coordinate formulation, and two-dimensional aerodynamics with strip theory. We investigate the effect of the structural flexibility and aerodynamic unsteadiness on the time-domain deployment simulation.
The tendency of zinc (Zn) anodes to form uncontrolled Zn electrodeposits and the occurrence of side‐reactions at Zn‐electrolyte interfaces are a fundamental barrier hampering broad applications of ...aqueous rechargeable Zn‐based batteries. Herein, a ferroelectric domain‐mediated strategy is proposed to manipulate the Zn plating behavior and achieve controllable Zn growth orientation by coating Zn foil with a ferroelectric tetragonal KTN (t‐KTN) layer. The ferroelectric domain of t‐KTN single crystals exhibits periodic distribution of upward and downward polarizations, corresponding to alternating positively and negatively charged surfaces. The charged ferroelectric surfaces can manipulate the transfer kinetics of Zn ions and the concentration distribution of anions via the interplay between ferroelectric dipoles and adsorbed ions. With the synergistic effect of the ferroelectric polarization and domain configurations, the well‐aligned interlamellar arrays composed of electrodeposited Zn are formed in the initial deposition process, which enable selective deposition within interlamellar arrays and eliminate the dendrite growth during the following plating process. As a result, the t‐KTN layer‐modified Zn anode enables reversible Zn plating/stripping with low voltage hysteresis for over 1200 h at 1 mA cm−2 in symmetric cells, and the assembled full cell exhibits a significantly enhanced cycling stability of over 5500 cycles at 5 A g−1.
A ferroelectric domain‐mediated strategy is proposed to manipulate the zinc (Zn) plating behavior and achieve controllable Zn growth orientation by a ferroelectric tetragonal KTa0.54Nb0.46O3 (t‐KTN) coating. With the synergistic effect of the ferroelectric polarization and domain configurations, there forms well‐aligned Zn interlamellar arrays with low tortuosity in the initial stage of Zn deposition, enabling selective deposition within interlamellar arrays.
We report a new method using re-designed guide RNAs with internal barcodes (iBARs) embedded in their loop regions. Our iBAR approach outperforms the conventional method by producing screening results ...with much lower false-positive and false-negative rates especially with a high multiplicity of infection (MOI). Importantly, the iBAR approach reduces the starting cells at high MOI significantly with greatly improved efficiency and accuracy compared with the canonical CRISPR screens at a low MOI. This new system is particularly useful when the source of cells is limited or when it is difficult to control viral infection for in vivo screening.
Multiple miRNA detection is often limited by sample, time-consuming, and complicated procedures. To address such challenges, we present a relatively simple and amplification-free fluorescent strategy ...based on hybridization-initiated exonuclease resistance for simultaneous detection of multiple miRNAs in a single tube. Single-stranded linear DNA probes were designed with dual roles of capture and reporter DNA, i.e. each DNA probe was labeled with biotin at the 3′-end for signal readout and amino at the 5′-end for probe immobilization. After target miRNAs specifically hybridized with the corresponding probes, the formation of double-stranded probe-target duplex protected the biotin on the probe from Exonuclease I digestion, thus resulting in high fluorescent intensities through the reaction between biotin and streptavidin-phycoerythrin. Coupling with the 3-plex fluorescent microsphere-based assay system, herein we successfully demonstrated the simultaneous and quantitative measurement of three sequence-specific miRNAs at concentration range of 2.5 pM to 1.25 nM and detection limits of 2 pM. To meet high throughput and rapid turnaround time requirements, we have also exemplified that, even shortening the total reaction time within 1 h, wider linear response range and lower detection limit were guaranteed. We further applied this assay to detect endogenous target miRNA levels from five kinds of cancer cell line and one normal cell line HEK 293T. This simple and rapid strategy will hold great potential for monitoring of multiple miRNAs biomarkers in biomedical research and early clinical diagnosis.
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•A multiple miRNAs detection assay based on the hybridization-initiated exonuclease resistance strategy and xMAP array.•One single-stranded linear probe with dual roles of capture and reporter DNA.•Simultaneous detection of miR-21, miR-155 and miR-141 in cell lysates.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for diseases such as bacteremia, chronic lung infection, and acute ulcerative keratitis. P. aeruginosa induced diseases can be fatal as ...the exotoxins and endotoxins released by the bacterium continue to damage host tissues even after the administration of antibiotics. As bacterial adhesion on cell surfaces is the first step in bacterial based pathogen infections, the control of bacteria–cell interactions is a worthwhile research target. In this work, thermally responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) P(NIPAAm) based biomimetic surfaces were developed to study the two major bacterial infection mechanisms, which is believed to be mediated by hydrophobic or lectin–carbohydrate interactions, using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Although, a greater number of P. aeruginosa adhered to the NIPAAm homopolymer modified surfaces at temperatures higher than the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), the bacterium–substratum bond stiffness was stronger between P. aeruginosa and a galactose based P(NIPAAm) surface. The high bacterial adhesion bond stiffness observed on the galactose based thermally responsive surface at 37 °C might suggest that both hydrophobic and lectin–carbohydrate interactions contribute to bacterial adhesion on cell surfaces. Our investigation also suggests that the lectin–carbohydrate interaction play a significant role in bacterial infections.
Vehicle view object detection technology is the key to the environment perception modules of autonomous vehicles, which is crucial for driving safety. In view of the characteristics of complex ...scenes, such as dim light, occlusion, and long distance, an improved YOLOv4-based vehicle view object detection model, VV-YOLO, is proposed in this paper. The VV-YOLO model adopts the implementation mode based on anchor frames. In the anchor frame clustering, the improved K-means++ algorithm is used to reduce the possibility of instability in anchor frame clustering results caused by the random selection of a cluster center, so that the model can obtain a reasonable original anchor frame. Firstly, the CA-PAN network was designed by adding a coordinate attention mechanism, which was used in the neck network of the VV-YOLO model; the multidimensional modeling of image feature channel relationships was realized; and the extraction effect of complex image features was improved. Secondly, in order to ensure the sufficiency of model training, the loss function of the VV-YOLO model was reconstructed based on the focus function, which alleviated the problem of training imbalance caused by the unbalanced distribution of training data. Finally, the KITTI dataset was selected as the test set to conduct the index quantification experiment. The results showed that the precision and average precision of the VV-YOLO model were 90.68% and 80.01%, respectively, which were 6.88% and 3.44% higher than those of the YOLOv4 model, and the model's calculation time on the same hardware platform did not increase significantly. In addition to testing on the KITTI dataset, we also selected the BDD100K dataset and typical complex traffic scene data collected in the field to conduct a visual comparison test of the results, and then the validity and robustness of the VV-YOLO model were verified.
![Comparing [18F]FET PET and ...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/2234-943X/small "Comparing [18F]FET PET and [18F]FDOPA PET for glioma recurrence diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis")
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