Professional Service: A Few Perspectives Cox, Christopher; Fitzgerald, Sarah; Totleben, Kristen ...
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2023, Letnik:
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An ongoing topic I continue to think about is what professional service means to others and to myself. Considering many facets of professional service, such as internally to the library, ...university-wide, to service in professional organizations on local, regional, national, international levels, I’m sure there are other types of professional service I haven’t even thought about. I have found professional service essential to understanding how to do my job, developing new skills, to making lasting connections with colleagues that have become close friends and collaborators. As Editor and one of many stewards of C&RL, I see the work and time put in by peer reviewers, the authors, the Editorial Board and ACRL staff who all work together to generate each issue. Recognizing how professional service is interpreted can vary within individuals, but also within their institutional cultures, I mentioned this in a conversation with former C&RL Editor Wendi Arant-Kaspar. She had the insightful idea of asking for viewpoints from the Editorial Board members to write an editorial—so here we are!
Chaucer and Religious Controversies in the Medieval and Early Modern Eras adopts a comparative, boundary-crossing approach to consider one of the most canonical of literary figures, Geoffrey Chaucer. ...The idea that Chaucer is an international writer raises no eyebrows. Similarly, a claim that Chaucer's writings participate in English confessional controversies in his own day and afterward provokes no surprise. This book breaks new ground by considering Chaucer's Continental interests as they inform his participation in religious debates concerning such subjects as female spirituality and Lollardy. Similarly, this project explores the little-studied ways in which those who took religious vows, especially nuns, engaged with works by Chaucer and in the Chaucerian tradition. Furthermore, while the early modern "Protestant Chaucer" is a familiar figure, this book explores the creation and circulation of an early modern "Catholic Chaucer" that has not received much attention. This study seeks to fill gaps in Chaucer scholarship by situating Chaucer and the Chaucerian tradition in an international textual environment of religious controversy spanning four centuries and crossing both the English Channel and the Atlantic Ocean. This book presents a nuanced analysis of the high stakes religiopolitical struggle inherent in the creation of the canon of English literature, a struggle that participates in the complex processes of national identity formation in Europe and the New World alike.
This essay explores Thomas More's understanding of the role of the recipient's virtue in activating the full power of Christ's body in the Eucharist in his
and
. Though passionately committed to the ...doctrine of the Real Presence, More writes that the body of Christ, while fully present, is not in and of itself entirely sufficient to complete the work of the sacrament if the recipient is not virtuous and receives the sacrament unworthily. An unvirtuous recipient receives
bodily, which is to say not completely — not, in More's terms, virtually. An unvirtuous recipient is not the only means by which the full power of the Eucharist may be compromised. Because the Incarnation and transubstantiation involve transformations of word and bodies into each other, it is not surprising that More's concerns with the sacrament, virtue, and the virtual also involve language. In the
, More strenuously criticizes Tyndale's translation of scripture. This essay also examines the ways in which More's objections to Tyndale's translation understand its destructive power as rooted in linguistic choices that disrupt the crucial nexus of virtue, the virtual, and the corporeal. In More's view, Tyndale's Bible thus deserves immolation along with the heretics themselves.
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•Improved thiolysis and LC-HRMS analysis were applied to grape seed extract proanthocyanidins (PACs).•GSE PACs with DPs up to 16 were identified by improved HRMS data processing.•DP ...affected interactions of PAC with cream proteins and the physical property of cream.•Low-DP PACs primarily engaged in hydrogen bonding with cream proteins.•High-DP PACs mainly utilized multiple hydrophobic interaction to form aggregates.
This study aimed to comprehensively characterize chemical profiles of proanthocyanidins (PACs) from grape seed extract (GSE), examine their interactions with proteins in a cream system, and define the mechanisms mediating PAC-protein interactions. GSE PACs were fractionated and characterized by thiolysis followed by liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis. New PACs with a degree of polymerization (DP) up to 16 were identified by improved HRMS data processing methods. In the model cream system, high-DP PACs exhibited greater precipitation capacity and protein binding than low-DP PACs. Low-DP PACs primarily engaged in hydrogen bonding, while high-DP PACs predominantly utilized multiple hydrophobic interaction sites to form cream protein aggregates. Furthermore, particle size and viscosity measurement of cream revealed a progressively DP-dependent increase in aggregated fat globules and cream viscosity. These findings enhanced our understanding of PACs’ structural intricacies and highlighted their functional role as PAC-rich natural ingredients in creating structured cream systems.
PURPOSETo examine the validity of ultrasound (via cloud-based software that measures pixilation intensity according to a scale of 0–100) to noninvasively assess muscle glycogen in human skeletal ...muscle.
METHODSIn study 1, 14 professional male rugby league players competed in an 80-min competitive rugby league game. In study 2 (in a randomized repeated measures design), 16 recreationally active males completed an exhaustive cycling protocol to deplete muscle glycogen followed by 36 h of HIGH or LOW carbohydrate intake (8 g·kg vs 3 g·kg body mass). In both studies, muscle biopsies and ultrasound scans were obtained from the vastus lateralis (at 50% of the muscle length) before and after match play in study 1 and at 36 h after glycogen depletion in study 2.
RESULTSDespite match play reducing (P < 0.01) muscle glycogen concentration (pregame443 ± 65; postgame271 ± 94 mmol·kg dw, respectively) in study 1, there were no significant changes (P = 0.4) in ultrasound scores (pregame47 ± 6, postgame49 ± 7). In study 2, muscle glycogen concentration was significantly different (P < 0.01) between HIGH (531 ±129 mmol·kg dw) and LOW (252 ± 64 mmol·kg dw) yet there was no difference (P = 0.9) in corresponding ultrasound scores (HIGH56 ± 7, LOW54 ± 6). In both studies, no significant correlations (P > 0.05) were present between changes in muscle glycogen concentration and changes in ultrasound scores.
CONCLUSIONSData demonstrate that ultrasound (as based on measures of pixilation intensity) is not valid to measure muscle glycogen status within the physiological range (i.e., 200–500 mmol·kg dw) that is applicable to exercise-induced muscle glycogen utilization and postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis.
ABSTRACTBradley, WJ, Cavanagh, BP, Douglas, W, Donovan, TF, Morton, JP, and Close, GL. Quantification of training load, energy intake, and physiological adaptations during a rugby preseasonA case ...study from an Elite European Rugby Union Squad. J Strength Cond Res 29(2)534–544, 2015—Rugby Union (RU) is a high-speed collision sport consisting of an intermittent activity profile. Given the extreme physical demands of the sport, significant emphasis is placed on players possessing high lean body mass while minimizing body fat. Anecdotally, the most significant changes in body composition are observed during the preseason; however, there are no objective data on the physiological demands and energy intake during this time. We therefore monitored 45 elite European RU players over the 10-week preseason period by assessing training load using Global Positioning System and session rate of perceived exertion (sRPE) while also assessing changes in anthropometry and physical performance. For forwards and backs, respectively, mean weekly distance covered was 9,774 m (1,404) and 11,585 m (1,810) with a total mean weekly sRPE of 3,398 (335) arbitrary units and 2,944 (410) arbitrary units. Mean daily energy intake was 14.8 MJ (1.9) and 13.3 MJ (1.9), carbohydrate (CHO) intake was 3.3 (0.7) and 4.14 (0.4) g·kg body mass, protein intake was 2.52 (0.3) and 2.59 (0.6) g·kg body mass, and fat intake was 1.0 (0.3) and 0.95 (0.3) g·kg body mass for forwards and backs, respectively. Markers of physical performance (1 repetition maximum strength, speed, and repeated sprint tests) and anthropometry (body fat and estimated lean mass) improved in all players. Interestingly, all players self-selected a “low” CHO “high” protein diet. Based on physiological improvements the training load and energy intake seems appropriate, although further research is required to evaluate if such energy intakes would also be suitable for match day performance.
PURPOSESupplementation with dietary forms of vitamin D is commonplace in clinical medicine, elite athletic cohorts, and the general population, yet the response of all major vitamin D metabolites to ...high doses of vitamin D is poorly characterized. We aimed to identify the responses of all major vitamin D metabolites to moderate- and high-dose supplemental vitamin D3.
METHODSA repeated-measures design was implemented in which 46 elite professional European athletes were block randomized based on their basal 25OHD concentration into two treatment groups. Athletes received either 35,000 or 70,000 IU·wk vitamin D3 for 12 wk, and 42 athletes completed the trial. Blood samples were collected for 18 wk to monitor the response to supplementation and withdrawal from supplementation.
RESULTSBoth doses led to significant increases in serum 25OHD, and 1,25OH2D3. 70,000 IU·wk also resulted in a significant increase of the metabolite 24,25OH2D at weeks 6 and 12 that persisted after supplementation withdrawal at week 18, despite a marked decrease in 1,25OH2D3. Intact parathyroid hormone was decreased in both groups by week 6 and remained suppressed throughout the trial.
CONCLUSIONSHigh-dose vitamin D3 supplementation (70,000 IU·wk) may be detrimental for its intended purposes because of increased 24,25OH2D production. Rapid withdrawal from high-dose supplementation may inhibit the bioactivity of 1,25OH2D3 as a consequence of sustained increases in 24,25OH2D that persist as 25OHD and 1,25OH2D concentrations decrease. These data imply that lower doses of vitamin D3 ingested frequently may be most appropriate and gradual withdrawal from supplementation as opposed to rapid withdrawal may be favorable.
Explore the feasibility of lower-limb garment-integrated BFR-training.
Observational study.
Human performance laboratory.
Healthy males with no experience of BFR-training.
Feasibility was determined ...by a priori thresholds for recruitment, adherence, and data collection. Safety was determined by measuring BFR torniquet pressure and the incidence of side effects. Efficacy was determined by measuring body anthropometry and knee isokinetic dynamometry. Feasibility and safety outcomes were reported descriptively or as a proportion with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), with mean change, 95% CIs, and effect sizes for efficacy outcomes.
Twelve participants (mean age 24.8 years 6.5) were successfully recruited; 11 completed the study. 134/136 sessions were completed (adherence = 98.5%) and 100% of data were collected. There was one event of excessive pain during exercise (0.7%, 95% CI 0.0%, 4.0%), two events of excessive pain post-exercise (1.5%, 95% CI 0.4%, 5.5%), and one event of persistent paraesthesia post-exercise (0.7%, 95% CI 0.0%, 4.0%). Mean maximal BFR torniquet pressure was <200 mmHg. We observed an increase in knee extension peak torque (mean change 12.4 Nm), but no notable changes in body anthropometry.
Lower-limb garment-integrated BFR-training is feasible, has no signal of important harm, and could be used independently.
•Lower limb garment-integrated blood flow restriction training was feasible and safe in healthy males.•Healthy males were adherent to a six-week garment-integrated blood flow restriction training programme.•No changes in body anthropometry were observed.•Small increases in knee extension strength were observed.•Garment-integrated blood flow restriction training is feasible for use in a large scale randomised controlled trial.
Rugby union (RU) is a complex high-intensity intermittent collision sport with emphasis placed on players possessing high lean body mass and low body fat. After an 8 to 12-week pre-season focused on ...physiological adaptations, emphasis shifts towards competitive performance. However, there are no objective data on the physiological demands or energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE) for elite players during this period. Accordingly, in-season training load using global positioning system and session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), alongside six-day assessments of EE and EI were measured in 44 elite RU players. Mean weekly distance covered was 7827 ± 954 m and 9572 ± 1233 m with a total mean weekly sRPE of 1776 ± 355 and 1523 ± 434 AU for forwards and backs, respectively. Mean weekly EI was 16.6 ± 1.5 and 14.2 ± 1.2 megajoules (MJ) and EE was 15.9 ± 0.5 and 14 ± 0.5 MJ. Mean carbohydrate (CHO) intake was 3.5 ± 0.8 and 3.4 ± 0.7 g.kg
−1
body mass, protein intake was 2.7 ± 0.3 and 2.7 ± 0.5 g.kg
−1
body mass, and fat intake was 1.4 ± 0.2 and 1.4 ± 0.3 g.kg
−1
body mass. All players who completed the food diary self-selected a 'low' CHO 'high' protein diet during the early part of the week, with CHO intake increasing in the days leading up to a match, resulting in the mean EI matching EE. Based on EE and training load data, the EI and composition seems appropriate, although further research is required to evaluate if this diet is optimal for match day performance
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