Russia's Theatrical Past Jensen, Claudia R; Maier, Ingrid; Shamin, Stepan ...
06/2021
eBook, Book
In the 17th century, only Moscow's
elite had access to the magical, vibrant world of the
theater.
In Russia's Theatrical Past , Claudia Jensen, Ingrid
Maier, Stepan Shamin, and Daniel C. Waugh mine ...Russian and Western
archival sources to document the history of these productions as
they developed at the court of the Russian tsar. Using such sources
as European newspapers, diplomats' reports, foreign travel
accounts, witness accounts, and payment records, they also uncover
unique aspects of local culture and politics of the time. Focusing
on Northern European theatrical traditions, the authors explore the
concept of intertheater, which describes transmissions between
performing traditions, and reveal how the Muscovite court's
interest in theater and other musical entertainment was strongly
influenced by diplomatic contacts.
Russia's Theatrical Past , made possible by an
international research collaborative, offers fresh insight into how
and why Russians went to such great efforts to rapidly develop
court theater in the 17th century.
Four decades after his monograph on the apocryphal correspondence of the Ottoman sultan was published, the author reviews the previous study of the subject, the origins of his book, its skeptical ...reception then, and the current acceptance of its main argument that most of the Russian versions of that correspondence are translations from Western European pamphlets and newspapers. Recent scholarship has located additional proof, and the current article presents further information which should help identify the sources for some of the Russian texts.
Scholars of Russian culture have always paid close attention to texts and their authors, but they have often forgotten about the readers. These volumes illuminate encounters between the Russians and ...their favorite texts, a centuries-long and continent spanning “love story” that shaped the way people think, feel, and communicate. The fruit of thirty-one specialists’ research, Reading Russia represents the first attempt to systematically depict the evolution of reading in Russia from the eighteenth century to the present day. The first volume of Reading Russia describes the slow evolution of reading between the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century. During the reign of Peter the Great, the changes initially concerned a limited number of readers from court circles, the ecclesiastical world, the higher aristocracy and the Academy of Sciences, that considered reading as a potent way of regulating the conduct of the people. It was only under the modernisation programme inaugurated by Catherine the Great that transformations began to gain pace: the birth of private publishers and the widening currency of translations soon led to the formation of an initial limited public of readers from the nobility, characterised by an increasing responsiveness to European models and by its gradual emancipation from the cultural practices typical of the ecclesiastical world and of the court.
While well documented in the Muscovite customs registers (tamozhennye knigi), the commercial and communications networks of the Russian North have yet to receive the scholarly attention they deserve. ...Despite the low population density of that region and its ostensibly forbidding natural environment, communications were comparatively fast and frequent. This essay examines the evidence concerning the commercial activities of the Tatars and connected non-Russian groups, the Udmurts and Besermiane, who lived in and near the village of Karino east of Khlynov (Viatka). Their lucrative business dealings, especially in wax and honey, drew on resources to the south and east, took them regularly to Velikii Ustiug, and on some occasions all the way to the White Sea. To a considerable degree, this is the story of kinship networking and family enterprise.
The impact of Mongol conquests across Eurasia is still controversial: did they destroy everything in their path or rather create a “Mongol peace” under which the Silk Road exchanges flourished? Too ...often medieval authors are cited merely for their negative reaction to the Mongols. Yet both the written sources and evidence from archeology show a picture of some complexity that requires critical analysis. The emphasis here is on archeology, often ignored or slighted by historians of the Mongols, and on evidence from Central Asia and Eastern Europe, primarily as reported in Russian-language scholarship. The impact of the Mongols varied depending on the location and the priorities of the new conquerors.
Ventilation of the Southern Ocean Pycnocline Morrison, Adele K; Waugh, Darryn W; Hogg, Andrew McC ...
Annual review of marine science,
01/2022, Letnik:
14, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Ocean ventilation is the transfer of tracers and young water from the surface down into the ocean interior. The tracers that can be transported to depth include anthropogenic heat and carbon, both of ...which are critical to understanding future climate trajectories. Ventilation occurs in both high- and midlatitude regions, but it is the southern midlatitudes that are responsible for the largest fraction of anthropogenic heat and carbon uptake; such Southern Ocean ventilation is the focus of this review. Southern Ocean ventilation occurs through a chain of interconnected mechanisms, including the zonally averaged meridional overturning circulation, localized subduction, eddy-driven mixing along isopycnals, and lateral transport by subtropical gyres. To unravel the complex pathways of ventilation and reconcile conflicting results, here we assess the relative contribution of each of thesemechanisms, emphasizing the three-dimensional and temporally varying nature of the ventilation of the Southern Ocean pycnocline. We conclude that Southern Ocean ventilation depends on multiple processes and that simplified frameworks that explain ventilation changes through a single process are insufficient.
Статья является продолжением публикации, представленной в предыдущем номере QR. В первой части исследования обсуждались интерес в Голландии к публикации списков восточных товаров, русские переводы ...таких списков в 1628 и 1646 гг. и интерес со стороны России к голландским морским делам в середине 1660‑х гг. В предлагаемой второй части исследования анализируются переводы со списков 1667 и 1671 гг. и вероятные причины того, почему они были переведены. Возможно, что переводчик Андрей Виниус выбрал их из многочисленных газетных статей благодаря личному интересу. Во время постройки первого русского военного корабля европейского типа он выступал переводчиком для приезжих голландских специалистов и к тому же написал трактат, в котором советвал царю создать флот на Каспийском море. Кроме того, в указанный период он составил географический справочник о самых известных городах мира, используя популярный голландский морской атлас. В бумагах Тайного приказа царя Алексея Михайловича есть сочинение о возможных путях из России в Китай и Индию, один из источников которого является голландским текстом о разыскании северо-восточного пути через Арктику. Вероятно, данный текст также принадлежит перу Виниуса. Кроме того, многое говорит об интересе царя к восточной торговле и товарам с Востока. В то время как переводы тоговых списков 1628 и 1646 гг. довольно просто объяснить, установить контекст переводов со списков 1667 и 1671 гг. сложнее. Как часто бывает в исторических вопросах, здесь возможны разные равноправные гипотезы. По мнению автора статьи, личная инициатива переводчиков, а не только их представления об интересах царя могла бы объяснить и другие переводы в «Курантах».
This essay concludes the study whose first part (published in the previous number of QR) provided background information about the cargo lists of Dutch ships from the East Indies, examined the ...translations made from lists published in 1628 and 1646, and explored the evidence about a Russian interest in Dutch naval affairs in the mid‑1660s. The focus of this part is the lading lists of 1667 and 1671 and the complex contextualization of those translations which may help to explain why and for whom they may have been of particular interest in Moscow. Evidence supports an argument that their translation may have been of personal interest to Andrei Vinius, given what we know about his involvement with the project to build Russia’s first European-style warship and his writings on maritime affairs and geography. The translations also could have been particularly relevant for Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich, who was actively supporting Russia’s eastern trade, and whose Privy Chancery contained other texts related to events in Asia and the European searches for new routes to the Indies. One such text, based on a Dutch source, probably was produced by Vinius. The article concludes that the circumstances explaining the translations of the several Dutch lading lists during the seventeenth century changed over time. To explain their interest in Moscow requires a broad consideration of their history and the specific contexts in which the translations were done.
The posthumous publication of Iurii Dmitrievich Rykov’s most important contributions to the study of the writings of Prince Andrei Kurbskii (including for the first time his kandidat dissertation) ...has inspired this essay as a tribute to Rykov, one of the leading specialists on early Russian manuscripts. Rather than focus on the substance of the Kurbskii material, the emphasis is on Rykov’s own memoir in the book and more generally on memoirs as historical sources, among them ones written by the noted scholars S. V. Zhitomirskaia and A. A. Zimin. Appended to the essay are a number of letters which Rykov wrote to his American colleagues.
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