Different studies show that human beings are usually limited rational, their regret aversion behavior is playing an important role in the process of stochastic decision-making. However, such ...psychological behavior is neglected in current studies. The interval-valued hesitant fuzzy sets can more effectively depict the uncertain information than hesitant fuzzy sets. Therefore, we propose an interval-valued hesitant fuzzy stochastic decision-making approach based on group satisfaction degree and regret theory. Firstly, based on the score and variance function, a novel group satisfaction degree is defined, which can fully reflect the overall level and group divergence. Secondly, the attribute weights optimization model based on the group satisfaction degree and the deviation of attribute values is constructed to obtain the weight vector of attributes. Then, the regret value and the rejoice value are obtained by the novel regret-rejoice function, and the alternatives are ranked according to the total psychological perception values of the decision maker. Finally, we illustrated the application of the developed method with an emergency decision-making problem. Sensitivity and comparative analyses are implemented to demonstrate the superiority, stability, and validity of the proposed method based on regret theory.
The probabilistic interval-valued hesitant fuzzy sets (PIVHFSs), being able to generalize interval-valued hesitant fuzzy sets embedded with the decision makers (DMs)’ preferences for different ...elements, can depict uncertain decision information completely and precisely. Therefore, with this study, we propose an extended Elimination and Choice Translating Reality (ELECTRE) III method based on regret theory and Borda rule under a PIVHFS environment, which has the advantage of considering the regret psychology of the DMs and subordinate ranking orders. Using the proposed methodology, a fuzzy bidirectional projection measure is developed to overcome the shortcoming of unidirectional projection. The proposed method is validated by two numerical examples, and the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated through sensitivity and comparative analyses.
•A probabilistic interval-valued hesitant fuzzy bidirectional projection measure is proposed.•The proposed method incorporates regret aversion psychology in the decision process.•A novel regret-rejoice function based on bidirectional projection is defined.•An extended ELECTRE III ranking method based on Borda rule is proposed.•A new MCGDM method for probabilistic interval-valued hesitant fuzzy set is proposed.
In recent years, data imbalance in the conventional classification problem has raised great interest in the industry. However, concerning the rule-based systems, this problem has been rarely ...investigated. We propose a Belief Rule-Based (BRB) reasoning model based on the evidential reasoning algorithm to fill in the gap by solving the problem caused by imbalanced data with regards to the rule-based systems. It utilizes the data-driven characteristics of Extended Belief Rule-Based (EBRB) and incorporates the data class rebalancing technique with the ensemble learning method of EBRB. In order to increase the number of rules that can promote the correct classification of minority classes in EBRB, we apply an adaptive data resampling strategy to expand the proportion of minority classes. On this basis, the data is divided into several EBRB base learners with different classification characteristics. During the iterative process, the rule weight of the base learner is dynamically adjusted according to the correct and incorrect classification, such that the classifier can pay more attention to the minority classes and reduce the bias of classification. Finally, the optimized EBRB base learner is selected to build an ensemble classifier with excellent classification performance. Experiments on 27 binary class and 12 multi-class imbalanced datasets show that our approach significantly improves F-value and MACC compared with other imbalanced classification algorithms. By building a cascaded EBRB model, the activation weight is taken as the basis of model evolution, the application limitations of the EBRB model in the ensemble learning are solved innovatively, and the classification performance of the EBRB model for imbalanced data is improved significantly.
•An improved combination rule for evidence in the evidential reasoning approach is proposed.•Combination algorithm for solving MCDM problems is established.•Contrary support is used to construct the ...rule by bounding mutual influence.•The rule separates contrary support from global ignorance to hold evidence specificity.•Conjunctive reasoning process is constituted so that results can be easily explained.
Three aspects of problems such as reasonable weight constraint, cumulative weight effect and relative weight equivalence cannot be well reflected in the evidential reasoning (ER) approach. In order to solve the above problems, a contrary support is defined to restrict the degree influenced by the evidence to be combined in combination process. Then pair-weighted and cumulative pair-weighted discounting methods are presented to generate basic probability assignment (BPA) for evidence. Pair-wised and recursive combination rules are established to make combination with the BPA of evidence by orthogonal sum operation and several theorems such as relative weight equivalence are proved. A combination algorithm is proposed to solve multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) problems by integrating pignistic probability and expected utility with the established combination rules. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed combination rules and algorithm.
CD133 (prominin-1) is widely believed to be a cancer stem cell marker in various solid tumor types, and CD133 has been correlated with tumor-initiating capacity. Recently, the nuclear location of ...CD133 expression in tumors has been discussed, but hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been included in these discussions. The goal of this study was to investigate the location of CD133 expression in HCC and this location's potential value as a prognostic indicator of survival in patients with HCC.
We enrolled 119 cancerous tissues and pair-matched adjacent normal liver tissue from HCC patients. These tissues were obtained immediately after operation, and tissue microarrays were subsequently constructed. The expression of CD133 was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the correlations between this expression and clinical characteristics and prognosis was estimated using statistical analysis.
The results showed that the CD133 protein expression levels of HCC in both the cytoplasm and nucleus were significantly higher than adjacent normal liver tissue. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses revealed that high CD133 expression in the cytoplasm was an independent predictor of poor prognosis for the overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates of HCC patients (P = 0.028 and P = 0.046, respectively). Surprisingly, high nuclear CD133 expression of HCC was an independent predictor of the good prognosis of the OS and RFS rates of HCC patients (P = 0.023 and P = 0.012, respectively).
The clinical evidence that revealed cytoplasmic CD133 expression was correlated with poor prognosis, while nuclear CD133 expression was significantly correlated with favorable prognosis.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Organic reactions using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalysts are promising with regard to their environmentally friendly features and potential catalyst recyclability. A robust Co(
ii
)-MOF ...{Co
2
(
l
-mac)(4,4-bpt)(H
2
O)·3.5H
2
O}
n
(
1
) and its enantiomer {Co
2
(
d
-mac)(4,4-bpt)(H
2
O)·3.5H
2
O}
n
(
2
) (
l
/
d
-mac = basic forms of
l
/
d
-malic acid, 4,4-Hbpt = 3,5-di(pyridin-4-yl)-4
H
-1,2,4-triazole) have been gram-scale prepared under solvothermal conditions. Structural analysis reveals that mac manages Co(
ii
) ions to form 1-D chains, which are further extended
via
4,4-bpt connectors into a noninterpenetrating 3D framework architecture. It was found that
1
can be as a heterogeneous catalyst for multiple organic reactions, such as azide-alkyne cycloaddition and Friedel-Crafts reactions with good isolated yields and good recycle runs (at least five times without substantial degradation). Additionally,
1
can promote hydrosilylation of alkynes under harsh conditions with moderate yield.
A robust Co(
ii
) MOF with high stability was prepared to promote the azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction, Friedel-Crafts reactions of indoles and hydrosilylation reactions of alkynes.
Background
Olfactory dysfunction is a common disease and it may be caused by sinonasal inflammation, toxin inhalation, or neurological disorders. After sinonasal inflammation, if both olfactory ...neuroinflammation and olfactory dysfunction occur still under investigation.
Objective
This study aimed to investigate whether neuroinflammation and olfactory dysfunction occur after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-initiated rhinosinusitis.
Methods
Adult C57BL/6 mice were intranasally administered with LPS for 3 weeks. The olfactory function was evaluated with a buried food test. The inflammatory status of sinonasal cavity and olfactory bulb was evaluated with histology and biochemistry.
Results
After 3-week LPS treatment, mice developed olfactory dysfunction, sinonasal cavity, and olfactory bulb inflammation. LPS-treated mice had greater sinonasal mucosal thickness. Besides, pro-inflammatory interleukin-6, the number of goblet cells and neutrophils in the sinonasal cavity was increased after LPS administration. The olfactory sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium and the olfactory bulb were decreased, and the olfactory function was impaired by LPS administration. Inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α were increased in the olfactory bulb.
Conclusion
This study showed that LPS-initiated rhinosinusitis caused olfactory neuroinflammation and olfactory dysfunction in mice.
There is increasing evidence that deep sequencing-based T cell repertoire can sever as a biomarker of immune response in cancer patients; however, the characteristics of T cell repertoire including ...diversity and similarity, as well as its prognostic significance in patients with cervical cancer (CC) remain unknown. In this study, we applied a high throughput T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing method to characterize the T cell repertoires of peripheral blood samples from 25 CC patients, 30 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) patients and 20 healthy women for understanding the immune alterations during the cervix carcinogenesis. In addition, we also explored the signatures of TCR repertoires in the cervical tumor tissues and paired sentinel lymph nodes from 16 CC patients and their potential value in predicting the prognosis of patients. Our results revealed that the diversity of circulating TCR repertoire gradually decreased during the cervix carcinogenesis and progression, but the circulating TCR repertoires in CC patients were more similar to CIN patients than healthy women. Interestingly, several clonotypes uniquely detected in CC patients tended to share similar CDR3 motifs, which differed from those observed in CIN patients. In addition, the TCR repertoire diversity in sentinel lymphatic nodes from CC patients was higher than in tumor tissues. More importantly, less clonotypes in TCR repertoire of sentinel lymphatic node was associated with the poor prognosis of the patients. Overall, our findings suggested that TCR repertoire might be a potential indicator of immune monitoring and a biomarker for predicting the prognosis of CC patients. Although functional studies of T cell populations are clearly required, this study have expanded our understanding of T cell immunity during the development of CC and provided an experimental basis for further studies on its pathogenesis and immunotherapy.
BACKGROUND: Liquid biopsy is emerging as an important approach for tumor genotyping in non-small cell lung cancer, ddPCR and SuperARMS are both methods with high sensitivity and specificity for ...detecting EGFR mutation in plasma. We aimed to compare ddPCR and SuperARMS to detect plasma EGFR status in a cohort of advanced NSCLC patients. METHOD: A total of 79 tumor tissues and paired plasma samples were collected. The EGFR mutation status in tissue was tested by ADx-ARMS, matched plasma was detected by ddPCR and SuperARMS, respectively. RESULTS: The EGFR mutation rates were identified as 64.6% (tissue, ARMS), 55.7% (plasma, ddPCR), and 49.4% (plasma, Super ARMS), respectively. The sensitivity of ddPCR was similar with Super-ARMS in plasma EGFR detection (80.4% vs 76.5%), as well as the specificity (89.3% vs 100%). And the McNemar’s test showed there was no significant difference (P = .125). The concordance rate between SuperARMS and ddPCR was 91.1%. A significant interaction was observed between cfDNA EGFR mutation status and EGFR-TKIs treatment tested by both methods. CONCLUSION: Super-ARMS and ddPCR share the similar accuracy for EGFR mutation detection in plasma biopsy; both methods predicted well the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs by detecting plasma EGFR status.
Background Application of autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) for diabetic chronic wounds has become an emerging treatment option. However, ASCs from diabetic individuals showed impaired cell ...function and suboptimal wound healing effects. We proposed that adopting a low-glucose level in the culture medium for diabetic ASCs may restore their pro-healing capabilities. Methods ASCs from diabetic humans and mice were retrieved and cultured in high-glucose (HG, 4.5 g/L) or low-glucose (LG, 1.0 g/L) conditions. Cell characteristics and functions were investigated in vitro. Moreover, we applied diabetic murine ASCs cultured in HG or LG condition to a wound healing model in diabetic mice to compare their healing capabilities in vivo. Results Human ASCs exhibited decreased cell proliferation and migration with enhanced senescence when cultured in HG condition in vitro. Similar findings were noted in ASCs derived from diabetic mice. The inferior cellular functions could be partially recovered when they were cultured in LG condition. In the animal study, wounds healed faster when treated with HG- or LG-cultured diabetic ASCs relative to the control group. Moreover, higher collagen density, more angiogenesis and cellular retention of applied ASCs were found in wound tissues treated with diabetic ASCs cultured in LG condition. Conclusions In line with the literature, our study showed that a diabetic milieu exerts an adverse effect on ASCs. Adopting LG culture condition is a simple and effective approach to enhance the wound healing capabilities of diabetic ASCs, which is valuable for the clinical application of autologous ASCs from diabetic patients. Keywords: Stem cell culture, Diabetes, Adipose-derived stem cell, Stem cell transplantation, Tissue regeneration
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