The results show that the comprehensive development degree (CDD) of the tourism-air environment system mainly maintains stable with fluctuation and the gap among different reaches in the Zone is ...declining; the coupling coordination degree’s (CCD) tendency in most regions remains similar as in the previous decade. The results illustrate that the method combing information entropy weight and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (IEW-TOPSIS), coupling coordination degree model (CCDM), and gray GM (1, 1) prediction model is effective in evaluating the coupling coordination relationship between the subsystems of tourism and air environment and in proposing specific countermeasures for tourism development and air environment governance.
There are obvious drawbacks for the traditional treatment methods of antibiotics, such as low efficiency and high cost. In this paper, FeOx catalysts, modified with the biochar (BC) of maple leaf ...(FeOx@BC), were successfully prepared by the hydrothermal method. Then, the FeOx@BC was investigated to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) under UVA-LED irradiation for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). Subsequently, the changes in valence states before and after the reaction of ions were investigated by XPS spectra, and the process mechanism was presented. The results demonstrated that the TC degradation efficiency reached 96% in the FeOx@BC + PMS + UVA-LED system within 40 min, which was higher than 57% efficiency for the α-Fe2O3 + PMS + UVA-LED system. The electron transfer was promoted in the FeOx@BC + PMS + UVA-LED system due to the doping of BC. The Fe(III) was transformed into Fe(II) under UVA-LED irradiation, and Fe(II) activated continuously PMS to generate active oxygen species. Furthermore, it had excellent reusable performance and structural stability, and the degradation efficiency was still as high as 80% after five cycles. It was proved that SO4−•, •OH, O2•− and h+ participated in the degradation process of TC to different degrees by quenching experiments and EPR tests. In summary, FeOx@BC is an inexpensive, reusable and efficient catalyst.
Reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate produced in the municipal solid waste (MSW) leachate treatment process is extremely hard to be treated because of its high color, high salt content, and high ...concentration of recalcitrant organic compounds. A new multichannel flow reactor with electrode gaps of 5 mm was designed to desalinate and remove organics simultaneously from the RO leachate concentrate (ROLC) by electrochemical oxidation process using the RuO2/IrO2-coated titanium plate (RuO2/IrO2-Ti) as the anodes. The effects of the process parameters of current density (I A), superficial circulating velocity (U L), etc. on the removal efficiency (RE) of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and average energy consumption ( EC ̅ ) were investigated. The results illustrated that after 3 h of treatment, the RE of COD, Cl–, and color could reach as high as 96.5, 96.7, and 99.6%, respectively. Besides, the EC ̅ of the electrochemical oxidation treatment process is as low as 40.98 kWh/(kg COD), and a new mechanism of the simultaneous removal of COD and desalination has been proposed. This work provides an alternative technology for the treatment of MSW leachate RO concentrate.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed in soil and are difficult to degrade, posing a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. Therefore, research on the ...distribution characteristics and risks of PAHs is of great significance to protect human and ecosystem health. Taking a typical chemical industry park in Chongqing as an example, the spatial distribution characteristics of PAHs content in 54 topsoil samples in the typical area were analyzed, and the soil PAHs pollution was evaluated by incremental models such as single-factor index and Nemerow comprehensive index. A factor decomposition model Positive Definite Matrix Factorization (PMF) was used to analyze the sources of PAHs. The results showed that 16 kinds of optimally controlled PAHs were detected, and the content of ΣPAHs in the topsoil ranged from ND to 16.07 mg/kg, with an average value of 1.78 mg/kg; spatially, pollutant levels are higher in the south and southwest of the park as well as in the center; source analysis showed that Chongqing The PAHs pollution in this typical chemical industry park in the city is from coke combustion sources, traffic emission sources, biomass combustion sources, oil sources, coal combustion sources and oil leakage sources, and the contribution rates to PAHs are 10.7%, 35.2%, 20.7%, and 5.0%, 24.6%, and 3.7%; respectively. The health risk assessment of soil PAHs shows that there is no potential carcinogenic risk of PAHs in different age groups in this area, and the main exposure route of adults is dermal > ingestion > inhalation, and the main exposure route of children is ingestion > dermal > inhalation.
Air environment and inbound tourism has intricate interactions so that exploring the relationship of coupling coordination between them is contributory to discover the mutual interaction mechanism. ...The study firstly constructs a correlation model and an aggregated evaluation system to illustrate the interaction mechanism between these two factors; secondly evaluates the development degrees of both air environment and inbound tourism in China with the combined methods of information entropy weight and the technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution; thirdly analyzes the spatial-temporal differences of the coupling coordination situations between air environment and inbound tourism with the coupling coordination model; fourthly predicts the coupling coordination status of the regions in China with the gray prediction GM(1,1) model. The results show that the development degrees of air environment are more fluctuated than the ones of inbound tourism in China. The coupling coordination statuses are mildly fluctuating and the gaps among regions gradually narrow, while in the next four years the trend will be different: the spatial variations among regions will increase. The contributions include illustrating the interaction mechanism between the two subsystems theoretically, constructing the evaluation system and processing cross-regional spatial-temporal comparisons of the coupling coordination statuses, and predicting the trend of the coordination statuses, which helps to the proposal of more effective and efficient countermeasures.
The traditional treatment of antibiotics confronts high energy consumption but low removal efficiency. In this study, a photo-Fenton ceramic membrane (PF-CM) was prepared by an innovative and facile ...approach of spray printing method with nano hematite (α-Fe2O3) for the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) as a model antibiotic. The SEM, TEM, XPS, and UV–Vis DRS were used to characterize the PF catalyst of α-Fe2O3. The as-prepared α-Fe2O3 was loaded to a flat ceramic membrane (CM) by a spray printing and low-temperature sintering method to form a photo-Fenton reactive membrane (α-Fe2O3-CM). A new α-Fe2O3-CM fixed bed water treatment system with visible LED light was fabricated for the removal of TC by comprehensive consideration of degradation rate and permeates flux. The reusability and stability of the α-Fe2O3-CM were also investigated. To reveal the reactive radicals involved in the PF-CM process for a deeper insight into the degradation mechanisms, quenching experiments and EPR analysis were performed. The SEM/EDS images indicated that the α-Fe2O3 was loaded tightly onto the α-Fe2O3-CM, and pure water permeates flux of the α-Fe2O3-CM could reach as high as 55.8 kg/(m2·h·kPa). The α-Fe2O3-CM fixed-bed treatment system is suited for TC treatment, and the removal efficiency could reach 82% even when the TC concentration is as low as 20 mg/L. Moreover, α-Fe2O3-CM could retain long-term stability and exhibit a self-cleaning function in antibiotic wastewater treatment for five cycles, which was further confirmed by SEM/EDS images and iron dissolution experiments. The quenching experiments and EPR analysis revealed that reactive radicals involved in the PF-CM process were h+, ·O2−, and, ·OH responsible for TC degradation. This research also provides a utilization proposal for scale-up α-Fe2O3-CM for water and wastewater treatment.
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Currently, the surface structure modification of photocatalysts is one of the effective means of enhancing their photocatalytic efficiency. Therefore, it is critically important to gain a deeper ...understanding of how the surface of α-Fe
O
photocatalysts influences catalytic activity at the nanoscale. In this work, α-Fe
O
catalysts were prepared using the solvothermal method, and four distinct morphologies were investigated: hexagonal bipyramid (THB), cube (CB), hexagonal plate (HS), and spherical (RC). The results indicate that the hexagonal bipyramid (THB) exhibits the highest degradation activity towards tetracycline (TC), with a reaction rate constant of
= 0.0969 min
. The apparent reaction rate constants for the cube (CB), hexagonal plate (HS), and spherical (RC) morphologies are 0.0824, 0.0726, and 0.0585 min
, respectively. In addition, it has been observed that the enhancement of photocatalytic activity is closely related to the increase in surface area, which provides more opportunities for interactions between Fe
and holes. The quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results indicate that the ˙O
, ˙OH and h
contribute mainly to the degradation of TC in the system. This research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of catalyst surface alterations and their impact on catalytic performance.
Currently, the surface structure modification of photocatalysts is one of the effective means of enhancing their photocatalytic efficiency. Therefore, it is critically important to gain a deeper ...understanding of how the surface of α-Fe2O3 photocatalysts influences catalytic activity at the nanoscale. In this work, α-Fe2O3 catalysts were prepared using the solvothermal method, and four distinct morphologies were investigated: hexagonal bipyramid (THB), cube (CB), hexagonal plate (HS), and spherical (RC). The results indicate that the hexagonal bipyramid (THB) exhibits the highest degradation activity towards tetracycline (TC), with a reaction rate constant of k = 0.0969 min−1. The apparent reaction rate constants for the cube (CB), hexagonal plate (HS), and spherical (RC) morphologies are 0.0824, 0.0726, and 0.0585 min−1, respectively. In addition, it has been observed that the enhancement of photocatalytic activity is closely related to the increase in surface area, which provides more opportunities for interactions between Fe2+ and holes. The quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results indicate that the ·O2, ·OH and h+ contribute mainly to the degradation of TC in the system. This research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of catalyst surface alterations and their impact on catalytic performance.
There are obvious drawbacks for the traditional treatment methods of antibiotics, such as low efficiency and high cost. In this paper, FeOsub.x catalysts, modified with the biochar (BC) of maple leaf ...(FeOsub.x @BC), were successfully prepared by the hydrothermal method. Then, the FeOsub.x @BC was investigated to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) under UVA-LED irradiation for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). Subsequently, the changes in valence states before and after the reaction of ions were investigated by XPS spectra, and the process mechanism was presented. The results demonstrated that the TC degradation efficiency reached 96% in the FeOsub.x @BC + PMS + UVA-LED system within 40 min, which was higher than 57% efficiency for the α-Fesub.2 Osub.3 + PMS + UVA-LED system. The electron transfer was promoted in the FeOsub.x @BC + PMS + UVA-LED system due to the doping of BC. The Fe(III) was transformed into Fe(II) under UVA-LED irradiation, and Fe(II) activated continuously PMS to generate active oxygen species. Furthermore, it had excellent reusable performance and structural stability, and the degradation efficiency was still as high as 80% after five cycles. It was proved that SOsub.4 sup.− sup.• , sup.• OH, Osub.2 sup.• sup.− and hsup.+ participated in the degradation process of TC to different degrees by quenching experiments and EPR tests. In summary, FeOsub.x @BC is an inexpensive, reusable and efficient catalyst.
Emerging evidence demonstrates the clinical utility of genomic applications in newborn intensive care unit (NICU) patients with strong indications of Mendelian etiology. However, such applications' ...diagnostic yield and utility remain unclear for NICU cohorts with minimal phenotype selection. In this study, focused medical exome sequencing was used as a first‐tier, singleton‐focused diagnostic tool for 2303 unrelated sick neonates. Integrated analysis of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), small insertions and deletions (Indels), and large copy number variants (CNVs) was performed. The diagnostic rate in this NICU cohort is 12.3% (284/2303), with 190 probands with molecular diagnoses made from SNV/Indel analyses (66.9%), 93 patients with diagnostic aneuploidy/CNVs findings (32.8%), and 1 patient with both SNV and CNV (0.4%). In addition, 54 (2.3%) of patients had a reportable incidental finding. Multiple organ involvements, craniofacial abnormalities, and dermatologic abnormalities were the strongest positive predictors for a molecular diagnosis. Among the 190 cases with SNV/Indel defects, direct impacts on medical management were observed in 46.8% of patients after the results were reported. In this study, we demonstrate that focused medical exome sequencing is a powerful first‐line diagnostic tool for NICU patients. Significant number of diagnosed NICU patients can benefit from more focused medical management and long‐term care.
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