Current plasmonic photocatalysts are mainly based on noble metal nanoparticles and rarely work in the infrared (IR) light range. Herein, cost‐effective Bi2O3−x with oxygen vacancies was formed in ...situ on commercial bismuth powder by calcination at 453.15 K in atmosphere. Interestingly, defects introduced into Bi2O3−x simultaneously induced a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the wavelength range of 600–1400 nm and enhanced the adsorption for CO2 molecules, which enabled efficient photocatalysis of CO2‐to‐CO (ca. 100 % selectivity) even under low‐intensity near‐IR light irradiation. Significantly, the apparent quantum yield for CO evolution at 940 nm reached 0.113 %, which is approximately 4 times that found at 450 nm. We also showed that the unique LSPR allows for the realization of a nearly linear dependence of photocatalytic CO production rate on light intensity and operating temperature. Finally, based on an IR spectroscopy study, an oxygen‐vacancy induced Mars‐van Krevlen mechanism was proposed to understand the CO2 reduction reactions.
Bifunctional oxygen defects were created on noble‐metal‐free Bi2O3−x, which enables noble‐metal‐like localized surface plasmon resonance and enhanced CO2 adsorption properties. As a result, photocatalytic CO2‐to‐CO conversion with approximately 100 % selectivity was realized even under low‐intensity light at 940 nm, showing a quantum efficiency of 0.113 % that is 4.0 times of that at 450 nm.
A metal-free protocol for the direct construction of C(sp
2
)–N and C–O bonds
via
a PhI(OAc)
2
-mediated dehydrogenative aminoacyloxylation of β,γ-unsaturated hydrazones with Togni reagent II is ...reported. Initiated by the carboxyl-containing species generated
in situ
from Togni reagent II, this method offers a new solution for regioselective functionalization at a remote site on β,γ-unsaturated hydrazones, thus providing a straightforward method for the synthesis of acyloxyl-substituted pyridazines. This reaction features a broad substrate scope and mild conditions.
Analogous to alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation (APA) has long been thought to occur independently at proximal and distal polyA sites. Using fractionation-seq, we unexpectedly ...identified several hundred APA genes in human cells whose distal polyA isoforms are retained in chromatin/nuclear matrix and whose proximal polyA isoforms are released into the cytoplasm. Global metabolic PAS-seq and Nanopore long-read RNA-sequencing provide further evidence that the strong distal polyA sites are processed first and the resulting transcripts are subsequently anchored in chromatin/nuclear matrix to serve as precursors for further processing at proximal polyA sites. Inserting an autocleavable ribozyme between the proximal and distal polyA sites, coupled with a Cleave-seq approach that we describe here, confirms that the distal polyA isoform is indeed the precursor to the proximal polyA isoform. Therefore, unlike alternative splicing, APA sites are recognized independently, and in many cases, in a sequential manner. This provides a versatile strategy to regulate gene expression in mammalian cells.
A visible-light irradiation tandem oxidative aryl migration/carbonyl formation reaction, mediated by K
2
S
2
O
8
and visible-light photoredox catalysis, has been discovered. The presented ...transformation provides a straightforward access to important α-allenic aldehyde/ketone derivatives from readily available homopropargylic alcohol derivatives in a regioselective manner of 1,4-aryl shift concomitant with carbonyl formation. The operational simplicity and broad substrate scope demonstrate the great potential of this method for the synthesis of highly functional α-allenic aldehyde/ketone derivatives.
A visible-light irradiation tandem oxidative aryl migration/carbonyl formation reaction, mediated by K
2
S
2
O
8
and visible-light photoredox catalysis, has been discovered.
Global warming is primarily caused by greenhouse gases such as CO2. One smart solution to mitigate its impact is to convert CO2 into hydrocarbons through photoreduction processes. In this work, CO2 ...was photo-catalytically reduced over new aerogel-based materials to produce methanol, using a solar simulator and a specifically designed photoreactor.
Cu-loaded Nb and N co-doped TiO2 aerogels (Cu/ATiO2: Nb, N) were synthesized by the sol-gel method followed by supercritical CO2 drying and annealing in a controlled atmosphere. The obtained photocatalysts benefit from the peculiar properties of aerogels with high specific surface area (88 m2/g) and porosity. N and Nb doping improved the electronic and optical properties, resulting in a significantly improved visible light absorption compared to pure TiO2 aerogel (ATiO2) or commercial catalyst P25. CuxO nanoparticles, smaller than 5 nm and uniformly distributed on the surface of aerogels, contribute to the improvement of the conversion efficiency. Used for CO2 photoreduction, one of the best-reported methanol yields (1.69 ± 0.05 mmol/gcat/h) was obtained, and the impact of Cu, Nb, and N on methanol production was studied.
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•Cu/ATiO2: Nb, N aerogel (SBET = 88 m2/g) photocatalysts were synthesized.•Nb and N co-doping improved the light absorption ability of TiO2 aerogel.•∼2 nm CuxO particles uniformly distributed on the surface of TiO2 aerogel.•The yields of CH3OH over Cu/ATiO2: Nb, N was 1.69 ± 0.05 mmol/gcat/h.
The epidermis of cotton ovule produces fibers, the most important natural cellulose source for the global textile industry. However, the molecular mechanism of fiber cell growth is still poorly ...understood.
Here, we develop an optimized protoplasting method, and integrate single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) to systematically characterize the cells of the outer integument of ovules from wild type and fuzzless/lintless (fl) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). By jointly analyzing the scRNA-seq data from wildtype and fl, we identify five cell populations including the fiber cell type and construct the development trajectory for fiber lineage cells. Interestingly, by time-course diurnal transcriptomic analysis, we demonstrate that the primary growth of fiber cells is a highly regulated circadian rhythmic process. Moreover, we identify a small peptide GhRALF1 that circadian rhythmically controls fiber growth possibly through oscillating auxin signaling and proton pump activity in the plasma membrane. Combining with scATAC-seq, we further identify two cardinal cis-regulatory elements (CREs, TCP motif, and TCP-like motif) which are bound by the trans factors GhTCP14s to modulate the circadian rhythmic metabolism of mitochondria and protein translation through regulating approximately one third of genes that are highly expressed in fiber cells.
We uncover a fiber-specific circadian clock-controlled gene expression program in regulating fiber growth. This study unprecedentedly reveals a new route to improve fiber traits by engineering the circadian clock of fiber cells.
The development and growth of tumors remains an important and ongoing threat to human life around the world. While advanced therapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint therapy and CAR-T have ...achieved astonishing progress in the treatment of both solid and hematological malignancies, the malignant initiation and progression of cancer remains a controversial issue, and further research is urgently required. The experimental animal model not only has great advantages in simulating the occurrence, development, and malignant transformation mechanisms of tumors, but also can be used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of a diverse array of clinical interventions, gradually becoming an indispensable method for cancer research. In this paper, we have reviewed recent research progress in relation to mouse and rat models, focusing on spontaneous, induced, transgenic, and transplantable tumor models, to help guide the future study of malignant mechanisms and tumor prevention.
The cell cycle‐related and expression‐elevated protein in tumor (CREPT) is overexpressed in several human malignancies. However, the clinical relevance of CREPT expression and its biological role in ...non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we detected the expression of CREPT in both NSCLC tissues and cell lines by immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and RT‐PCR. The correlation between CREPT expression and clinicopathologic features was analyzed in 271 NSCLC patients. The prognostic value of CREPT expression was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis. CREPT was overexpressed in Calu‐1 cell lines by using plasmid vector and its biological function was explored both in vitro and in vivo. We found that CREPT was significantly overexpressed in NSCLC compared with paired adjacent non‐tumor tissues, and the expression level of CREPT was correlated with tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the recurrence‐free survival and overall survival of high CREPT expression groups were significantly shorter than those of the low CREPT expression group. Multivariate analysis identified that CREPT might be an independent biomarker for the prediction of NSCLC prognosis. Overexpression of CREPT increased cell proliferation and enhanced the migration and invasion ability of Calu‐1 cells (a human NSCLC cell line with relative low CRPET expression) in vitro. Moreover, CREPT overexpression promoted tumor growth in a nude mice model. These results suggest that CREPT is closely relevant to the proliferation of NSCLC cells and it might be a potential prognostic marker in NSCLC patients.
We detected the expression of CREPT in both NSCLC tissues and cell lines by immunohistochemistry, Western Blot and RT‐PCR. CREPT was overexpressed in Calu‐1 cell lines by using plasmid vector and its biological function was explored both in vitro and in vivo. The results suggest that CREPT is closely relevant to the proliferation of NSCLC cells and it might be a potential prognostic marker in NSCLC patients.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and insights into its underlying mechanisms as well as potential therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. The microbiome plays ...an important role in human health, and is also responsible for the initiation and progression of lung cancer through its induction of inflammatory responses and participation in immune regulation, as well as for its role in the generation of metabolic disorders and genotoxicity. Here, the distribution of human microflora along with its biological functions, the relationship between the microbiome and clinical characteristics, and the role of the microbiome in clinical treatment of lung cancer were comprehensively reviewed. This review provides a basis for the current understanding of lung cancer mechanisms with a focus on the microbiome, and contributes to future decisions on treatment management.
We aim to molecularly stratify stage IA lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) for precision medicine.
Twelve multi-institution datasets (837 cases of IA) were used to classify the high- and low-risk types ...(based on survival status within 5 years), and the biological differences were compared. Then, a gene-based classifying score (IA score) was trained, tested and validated by several machine learning methods. Furthermore, we estimated the significance of the IA score in the prognostic assessment, chemotherapy prediction and risk stratification of stage IA LUAD. We also developed an R package for the clinical application. The SEER database (15708 IA samples) and TCGA Pan-Cancer (1881 stage I samples) database were used to verify clinical significance.
Compared with the low-risk group, the high-risk group of stage IA LUAD has obvious enrichment of the malignant pathway and more driver mutations and copy number variations. The effect of the IA score on the classification of high- and low-risk stage IA LUAD was much better than that of classical clinicopathological factors (training set: AUC = 0.9, validation set: AUC = 0.7). The IA score can significantly predict the prognosis of stage IA LUAD and has a prognostic effect for stage I pancancer. The IA score can effectively predict chemotherapy sensitivity and occult metastasis or invasion in stage IA LUAD. The R package IAExpSuv has a good risk probability prediction effect for both groups and single stages of IA LUAD.
The IA score can effectively stratify the risk of stage IA LUAD, offering good assistance in precision medicine.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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