Magnetic materials usually exhibit advanced performance in many areas for their easy separating and recycle ability. In this study, silver iodide/copper ferrite (AgI/CuFe
O
) catalysts with excellent ...magnetic property were successfully synthesized and characterized by a series of techniques. Two typical bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were applied to estimate the photocatalytic inactivation performance of obtained AgI/CuFe
O
catalysts. Results revealed that the AgI/CuFe
O
(12.5% AgI) composite could absolutely inactivate 3 × 10
CFU/mL E. coli and 2.7 × 10
CFU/mL S. aureus cells severally in 50 min and 40 min under visible light irradiation, which showed a much higher photo-disinfection activity than monomers. Transmission electron microscopy was used to study the biocidal action of this nanocatalyst, the results confirmed that the treated E. coli cells were damaged, the nanocatalyst permeated into cells and resulting in death of cells. Besides, it was found that the destruction of bacterial membrane together with substantial leaked potassium ion (K
) which caused by the photo-generated reactive species superoxide radical (O
) and holes (h
) could be the direct disinfection principles. For a deep insight into practical applications, the influences of different catalyst concentrations and reaction pH were also taken into discussion in details. The overall results indicated the novel photocatalyst with strong redox capacity and outstanding reusability can be widely employed in bacteria elimination.
A simple and portable thermometer-type device based on forward osmosis-driven liquid column rising is developed for visual detection of trace Pb2+. The device consists of a top indicator tube, a ...chamber loaded with Pb2+-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-benzo-18-crown-6-acrylamide) (PNB) smart nanogels and a bottom semipermeable membrane. Upon the recognition of Pb2+, PNB smart nanogels undergo a Pb2+-induced hydrophobic to hydrophilic transition, which simultaneously causes the increase of osmotic pressure inside the device. Driven by this osmotic pressure difference, more Pb2+ solution flows into the device, causing the rise of the liquid column in the indicator tube, which can be directly observed by naked eyes. The relationship between the change of liquid column height and the Pb2+ concentration is investigated for the quantitative detection of Pb2+. With the proposed forward osmosis-driven device, trace Pb2+ as low as 10−10 M in aqueous solutions can be detected. This method provides a novel and simple strategy for the visual detection of trace Pb2+.
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•Visual detection of Pb2+ by a simple and portable thermometer-type device.•Pb2+-detection of the device is based on a forward osmosis strategy.•A Pb2+-induced osmotic pressure difference drives the liquid column rise.•Pb2+-detection of the device is of high selectivity and sensitivity.•The visual detection limit for Pb2+ can reach 10−10 M.
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•The PA-PPy hydrogel was directly grown on the carbon cloth without the usage of binders.•The electronic interaction between PA and PPy promoted the charge transfer efficiently.•The ...specific doping behavior of Cl− in alkaline seawater contributes to the OER activity enhancement.
The side reaction mainly caused by chloride ions in seawater is the key bottleneck restricting the development of efficient and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for direct seawater splitting. Recent researches on OER catalysts in seawater mostly concentrate on the repulsive force of Cl− to reduce its adverse impact. Here, we verified that Cl− doping into phytic acid based polypyrrole conductive hydrogel has no significant negative effect; On the contrary, it is beneficial to enhance its activity in seawater. A series of characterization techniques show that doping Cl in the polypyrrole conductive hydrogel can improve the conductivity and promote the electron transfer in the OER process. Therefore, we achieved direct alkaline seawater electrolysis using a non-metallic PA-PPy/CP anode in an alkaline electrolysis cell.
The ternary NiCoAl hydrotalcite (NiCoAl-LDH) was combined with carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) to fabricate a novel electrochemical sensor for simultaneously determining the ...co-existing trace phenolic substances. The morphology, structure, and electrochemical behavior of the as-prepared materials were characterized by various techniques. Benefitting from the great conductivity of MWCNT and high electrocatalytic activity of NiCoAl-LDH for phenolic substances, the advanced MWCNT/NiCoAl-LDH sensor presented a fast response, high sensitivity, excellent stability, and satisfactory replicability. The sensor offered good linear responses in the ranges1.50~600 μM to hydroquinone (HQ), 5.00~1.03 × 10
3
μM to catechol (CC), and 6.00 × 10
−2
~250 μM to bisphenol A (BPA). The detection limits of HQ, CC, and BPA were 0.4, 0.8, and 6. × 10
−3
μM (
S
/
N
= 3), respectively. In environmental water, the sensor achieved satisfactory recoveries for the simultaneous detection of HQ (98.6~101%), CC (98.0~101%), and BPA (97.5~101%), with relative standard deviations less than 4.4%.
Graphical abstract
•Controllable fabrications of microparticles from multiscale regulation of microfluidic emulsions are summarized.•The microparticles are featured with intensified mass-transfer for water ...decontamination and drug delivery.•The strategies to engineer functional microparticles with intensified mass transfer characteristics are emphasized.
Mass transfer of pollutants and drugs in microparticles are important for their applications in the fields of water decontamination and drug delivery. Microparticles with controllable structures and advanced functions allow enhancement of mass transfer processes to achieve improved performances for water decontamination and drug delivery. This review summarizes recent progresses on controllable fabrication of functional microparticles from microfluidic multiphase emulsions, with intensified mass-transfer for water decontamination and drug delivery. This is started by introducing the controllable microfluidic production of diverse monodisperse emulsions, and then the template synthesis of functional microparticles from the emulsion templates for water decontamination and drug delivery. Porous microparticles with intensified mass transfer via creation of hierarchical pores and bubble-propelled motion for enhanced water decontamination are introduced. Then, compartmental microparticles with intensified mass transfer via shell permeability adjustment, shell degradation, shell shrinkage, and their combinations for advanced drug delivery are highlighted. The strategies to engineer the functional microparticles for intensified mass transfer via multiscale regulation of their multiphase emulsion templates are emphasized. Finally, perspectives on the future development of microfluidic techniques for developing advanced functional microparticles with intensified mass transfer for enhanced performances are discussed.
•The coal-based sulfides (CoAl-S) were synthesized via a simple two-step hydrothermal method.•The mesoporous interconnected network structure the CoAl-S was related to the S2−/Co2+ molar ratio during ...the sulfuration, which defined the electrochemical performances.•The CoAl-S8 sample sulfurized by Na2S at S2−/Co2+ molar ratio of 8.0 exhibited excellent specific capacitance and outstanding cycling stability.•The assembled CoAl-S8//AC device showed excellent performances of 265.5 c g−1 at 1 A g−1, 55.31 Wh kg−1 at 749.97 W kg−1 and 92.45% retention after 10 000 cycling at 5 A g−1.
The transition-metal sulfides (CoAl-S) as supercapacitor electrode materials were fabricated onto Ni foam via a simple and cost-effective two-step hydrothermal route. The sulfidation treatment significantly improved the electrical conductivity and accelerated the ion diffusion rate for the materials. By adjusting the S2−/Co2+ molar ratio during the sulfidation process, it was found that the CoAl-S8 sulfide with a 3D and loosely interconnected network mesoporous structure on the Ni foam was gained at S2−/Co2+ molar ratio of 8.0, and exhibited the highest specific capacitance. Benefiting from the unique network structural feature to facilitate active sites exposure and facile charge transfer, the optimized CoAl-S8 material displayed an enhanced specific capacitance of 575.3 C g−1 (1150.6 F g‒1) at 1.0 A g‒1 and cycling stability with 97.8% capacitance retention after 1000 cycles at 5.0 A g‒1 in the three-electrode system. Furthermore, the as-fabricated CoAl-S8//AC device delivered outstanding energy densities of 55.31 and 32.91 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 749.97 and 7498.48 W kg−1, respectively, and excellent rate capability and outstanding long-term cycle stability (92.45% of the initial value at 5 A g−1 after 10 000 cycles). This facile synthesis strategy provided a useful clue in designing novel and effective electrode materials for supercapacitors.
Immunohistochemical staining was positive for cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, CK7, CK8/18, Ki67, P40, P63, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CK19, and sex-determining region Y (SRY)-related high mobility ...group-box 10 protein (SOX-10). Currently, surgery is the preferred treatment, but the tumor mostly occurs in the main airway, thus the traditional surgical approach causes significant trauma and impairs lung function. The tumor has been removed by means of bronchoscopic intervention therapies, such as high-frequency electric knife, argon plasma coagulation, cryotherapy, and laser, to avoid a thoracotomy, reduce trauma, preserve lung tissue, and improve lung function with a low incidence of adverse reactions.
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Photocatalytic reduction can be an effective and promising technology for the selective reduction of aromatic nitro organics. In this paper, a novel Z-scheme CdS/SnS2 photocatalyst ...was well-designed and fabricated via simple in-site reaction process containing thioacetamide as a sulfur sources and cubic CdSnO3 as template. The resulting CdS/SnS2 composite has well-constructed cubic nanostructure of strong adhesion between CdS and SnS2, presenting high absorption to visible light. Importantly, strong charge transfer between the contacting regions of CdS and SnS2 through the intermediate sulfur atoms combined with both metals was generated, which speeds up separation of photogenerated electron and hole. The advantageous combination of high light-harvesting and effective charge transfer is responsible for the excellent photocatalytic activity at the CdS/SnS2 heterointerface. Resultantly, the prepared CdS/SnS2 composites exhibit high conversion efficiency and selectivity on 4-nitroaniline (4-NA) reduction in the aqueous solution containing ammonium formate under visible light irradiation, which can reduce almost all 4-NA within 12 min. Trapping experiments and ESR analysis demonstrated that ammonium formate not only can effectively decrease recombination of photogenerated charge carriers but also react with holes to generate CO2− radicals possessing strong reduction ability. The 4-NA are effectively photo-reduced by the synergistic effect of electrons and CO2− radicals. According to the experimental results, a possible Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism was proposed. Besides, the photo-reduction of aromatic nitro organics possessed different para-groups (p-nitrophenol, nitrobenzene, and p-nitrobenzaldehyde) was also investigated. It is found that the electron-drawing group can decrease the electron density of its para-position nitryl, which quickens the nitro reduction.
The Aerides-Vanda alliance is a complex group in the subtribe Aeridinae (subfamily Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae). Some phylogenetic systems of this alliance have been previously proposed based on ...molecular and morphological analyses. However, several taxonomic problems within this alliance as well as between it and its allies remain unsolved.
We utilized ITS and five plastid DNA regions in this phylogenetic analysis. Consensus trees strongly indicate that the Aerides-Vanda alliance is monophyletic, and the 14 genera of this alliance can be grouped into the following clades with 14 subclades: 1. Aerides, comprising two subclades: Rhynchostylis and Aerides; 2. Ascocentropsis; 3. Papilionanthe; 4. Vanda, comprising five subclades: Neofinetia, Christensonia, Seidenfadenia, Ascocentrum, and Vanda-Trudelia, in which Vanda and Trudelia form a subclade; 5. Tsiorchis, comprising three subclades: Chenorchis, Tsiorchis, and two species of Ascocentrum; 6. Paraholcoglossum; and 7. Holcoglossum. Among the 14 genera, only Ascocentrum is triphyletic: two species of the Ascocentrum subclade, an independent subclade Ascocentrum subclade in the Tsiorchis clade; the Ascocentrum subclade in the Vanda clade; and one species in the Holcoglossum clade. The Vanda and Trudelia species belong to the same subclade. The molecular conclusion is consistent with their morphological characteristics.
We elucidate the relationship among the 14 genera of the Aerides-Vanda alliance. Our phylogenetic results reveal that the Aerides-Vanda alliance is monophyletic, but it can be divided into 14 genera. The data prove that Ascocentrum is triphyletic. Plants with elongate-terete leaves and small flowers should be treated as a new genus, Pendulorchis. Saccolabium himalaicum (Ascocentrum himalaicum) should be transferred to Pendulorchis. Ascocentrum pumilum, endemic to Taiwan, should be transferred to Holcoglossum. A new combination, Holcoglossum pumilum, was also established. Trudelia should not be recognized as an independent genus. Two new species, Pendulorchis gaoligongensis and Holcoglossum singchianum, were described as well.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Novel plasmonic photocatalyst of Ag/AgCl-CdWO4 was successfully synthesized via an in situ loading and photoreduction process. The as-obtained Ag/AgCl-CdWO4 samples were characterized by various ...analytical techniques. The Ag/AgCl-CdWO4 nanocomposites present a remarkable visible-light photocatalytic activity. The optimal Ag/AgCl-CdWO4 can completely degrade RhB, MB and MO within 30min. Moreover, 95% of phenol can also be degraded within 90min. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was mainly attributed to two factors: the strong SPR of Ag NPs would improve the visible-light absorbance effectively. Simultaneously, the photo-generated electron–hole pairs can transfer and separate among the Ag/AgCl-CdWO4 hybrid effectively.
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