Jujube fruit (cv. Sanxing) were soaked in 0.5 mg/mL trisodium phosphate solution for 10 min after harvest to study its effects on key enzymes activities and phenolic compounds accumulation in ...reactive oxygen species metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway during storage at room temperature. Results showed that trisodium phosphate promoted hydrogen peroxide content during the entire storage time and peaked at 4 d and 10 d. Additionally, trisodium phosphate treatment distinctly increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase on days 4~12 d and 4~8 d of storage (P<0.05). Moreover, trisodium phosphate treatment increased the activities of phenylalanine ammonilyase, 4-coumarate/coenzyme A ligase and peroxidase in the middle and late storage period. A ligase and peroxidase activities in jujube fruit and peaked at 6, 8 and 8 d, respectively, which was 1.18, 1.16 and 1.40 times of those in control (P<0.05). The increase of these enzymes activities significantly accelerated total phenols and
Ba, Mn single and co-doped BiFeO3 ceramics were prepared by combination of solid-state reaction and rapid sintering method. Enhanced ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties were observed in Ba, Mn ...co-doped ceramics. Large remnant polarization (Pr∼40.87 μC/cm2) for Bi0.9Ba0.1FeO3 and large remanent magnetization (Mr∼0.834 emμ/g) and coercive field (Hc∼938 Oe) for Bi0.95Ba0.05Fe0.9Mn0.1O3 were acquired, respectively. The analysis of structure and valence measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show that an appropriate doping ratio of Ba and Mn ions in BiFeO3 (BFO) plays an important role in facilitating microstructure distortion and transition, which are favorable for enhancing ferroelectric properties of BFO ceramics. Furthermore, the existence of Fe2+ and Mn4+ ions in BaMn co-doped BFO contributes to the ferromagnetic property. These results demonstrate that ions co-doping is an effective way to modulate the room-temperature ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties for multiferroic applicability of BFO.
Display omitted
•Pure perovskite phases of Ba, Mn doped BiFeO3 ceramics were synthesized.•Detailed structure analysis was characterized by XRD and Raman Spectroscopy.•Introduction of Ba and Mn ions enhances ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism of BiFeO3.•Ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism of BiFeO3 modulated by doping content and ratio of Ba and Mn ions.
The cracking mechanism, especially the initiation and propagation process of cracking, in the overlapping zone (OZ) of laser solid forming (LSF) of IN-738LC alloy was investigated. The results showed ...that both the solidification cracks and liquation cracks can be found in the OZ of the LSFed IN-738LC specimen. The liquation cracking can be ascribe to the local melting of γ-γ′ eutectic at grain boundaries and could further become the initiation site of solidification cracks in the OZ of LSFed IN-738LC. According to the EBSD analysis and the Rappaz's theoretical model, the cracks in OZ always propagated along the high-angle grain boundaries due to their relatively wider solidification temperature range compared with the lower angle grain boundaries. The thermal stress and residual stress (cracking driving force) of the LSFed IN-738LC deposit was estimated by Vickers micro-indentation method combing a series of microhardness and room temperature tensile testing. It was shown that the residual stress in OZ was obviously higher than that in the inner-track zones due to the different thermal history of the two zones, while the microhardness of the two zones were about at the same level. Preheating was found to be effective in suppressing cracking by reducing the residual stress in LSFed IN-738LC deposit and the crack free deposit was obtained with preheating at 700 °C.
Display omitted
•Solidification cracking can be result from liquation cracking in the overlapping zone.•The cracks always propagate along the high-angle grain boundaries.•The residual stress in the overlapping zone is higher than that in the inner-track zone in LSFed IN-738LC alloy.
Identification of new molecular targets for the treatment of endometrial cancer (EC) is an important clinical goal, especially for the patients which were resistant to conventional therapies. The ...aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand- activated transcription factor known primarily as the mediator of dioxin toxicity. However, the AhR can also inhibit cellular proliferation in a ligand-dependent manner and act as a tumor suppressor in mice, thus may be a potential anticancer target. In this study, we investigated if the endogenous AhR ligand 2-(1′H-indole-3′-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE) regulated proliferation and migration of EC cells via AhR.
We used quantitative real-time PCR and western blot to assess the expression of AhR in EC tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues. In addition, we conducted transwell assay to test whether the treatment of ITE altered the locomotive potential and proliferation of EC cells. Next, we conducted mouse xenograft models to further explore the in vivo effect of ITE.
We found that the AhR protein and RNA levels were increased mildly in EC tissues relative to the para-tumor normal endometrial tissues. Besides, ITE suppressed EC cells proliferation and migration in vitro, and also suppressed EC cells xenograft growth in mice.
Our results strongly supported the possibility of using the ITE as a small molecular compound for the treatment of EC.
The heat-affected zone (HAZ) liquation cracking mechanism of nickel-based superalloys with high (Al+Ti) content during the laser solid forming (LSF) process was investigated
via
laser remelting of an ...as-deposited IN-738LC superalloy. Microstructural HAZ analysis revealed that cracks consistently propagated from the HAZ to the remelting zone along the grain boundary (GB). The formation of a liquid film during GB liquation was mainly owing to localized melting of the semicontinuous
γ
-
γ
′ eutectic distributed along the GB. The solute segregation behavior of the IN-738LC alloy during LSF was analyzed using the Giovanola–Kurz model and Scheil models, revealing that a significant enrichment of
γ
-
γ
′ eutectic-forming elements in the residual liquid at the final stage of solidification (solid fraction ~ 0.87) in the molten pool was the main cause of semicontinuous
γ
-
γ
′ eutectic formation along the GB. Further, a B enrichment at the GB was identified in LSF-fabricated IN-738LC, which promoted cracking by lowering the GB liquation temperature and promoting wetting of the GB by the liquid film. Unlike the phenomenon observed in the welding of cast IN-738LC, the coherence between the
γ
′ phases and the
γ
matrix in LSF-fabricated IN-738LC can suppress the occurrence of constitutional liquation of the
γ
′ phase. To understand the interaction between the thermal stress and the liquid film in the LSF process, thermal stress as a cracking driving force was also estimated based on the measurement of the residual stress from the substrate to the remelting zone of the IN-738LC deposit by the Vickers micro-indentation method.
Early math success in the PreK classroom is recognized as a strong predictor of later academic success. However, many early childhood teachers report they lack the content knowledge, confidence and ...beliefs to deliver high quality math experiences in their classrooms. Professional development opportunities to gain and expand these skills are often difficult for early childhood educators to access. The purpose of this article is to examine the professional development opportunities available to early childhood educators in the United States and to present a model of professional development that is accessible and effective. This article provides a description of the importance of math in the early years and reveals the need for early math professional development opportunities for early childhood teachers. A portrait of the current state of professional development opportunities for early childhood teachers in the United States is presented along with a presentation of a successful online early math professional development program that was developed to meet the need of early childhood educators. The article ends with implications for current professional development opportunities and ideas for future directions.
A rapid, sensitive and enantioselective method was developed and fully validated for the separation and determination of lansoprazole enantiomers in rat plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass ...spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The analytes and the internal standard (esomeprazole) were both extracted from plasma samples by liquid–liquid extraction with diethyl ether–dichloromethane (70:30; v/v). Satisfactory resolution (Rs = 2.0) was achieved within 7.3 min on a Chiralpak ID column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) employing acetonitrile–water (60:40, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. The acquisition of mass spectrometric data was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring mode coupled with a positive electrospray ionization source. A comprehensive validation of this method was rigorously conducted over the concentration range of 1.00–500.0 ng/mL for both enantiomers. All of the validation data demonstrated that the desirable linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, recovery and stability were attained from the proposed approach. The established method was successfully applied to a stereoselective pharmacokinetic study of lansoprazole enantiomers in rat plasma after oral administration of 3 mg/kg racemic lansoprazole or dexlansoprazole. No chiral inversion was observed during the experimental procedure.
TiB2 nano-particle reinforced CoCrFeMnNi composite has been additively manufactured by using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique. In comparison with the matrix CoCrFeMnNi sample, the average ...grain size of the TiB2 doped CoCrFeMnNi (CoCrFeMnNi + TiB2) sample reduces from 26.27 μm to 7.51 μm, appearing a morphological transformation from columnar grains to fine equiaxed grains and fine dendritic grains. Correspondingly, the compressive yield strength (σy) sharply increases from 484.41 ± 57.81 MPa of CoCrFeMnNi HEA to 952.62 ± 38.15 MPa of CoCrFeMnNi + TiB2, and the tensile yield strength increases from 480.27 ± 1.25 MPa to 834.21 ± 15.93 MPa, revealing a substantial enhancement of mechanical properties. The structural analysis unveils that the CoCrFeMnNi + TiB2 sample formed a tetragonal σ phase beside the FCC matrix and TiB2 phases compared with the single FCC phase of CoCrFeMnNi HEA. Especially, atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy discloses that the TiB2 nanoparticles epitaxially grow onto the FCC matrix phase with 01–10TiB2//011FCC orientation relationship. Theoretical calculations indicate that the enhancement mechanism of the CoCrFeMnNi + TiB2 sample should originate from a synergistic strengthening effect which is induced by grain refinement, TiB2 particles, σ phases and dislocations. Our work should provide a new view to utilize the rapid solidification process of LPBF and ceramic nano-particle reinforcement for the enhanced mechanical properties of HEAs with great potential.
The Rho family of GTPases is strictly regulated by a large family of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that stimulate the relatively weak intrinsic GTP-hydrolyzing activity of Rho GTPases. p190A is a ...potent and widely expressed GAP that acts on RhoA GTPases. p190A is frequently mutated in endometrial cancer, but the contribution of p190A mutations to endometrial tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here we identified that p190A is an upstream regulator of the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway, which is a critical regulator of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell fate. p190A knockout in endometrial cancer cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which were partially dependent on YAP activation. Wild-type p190A, but not endometrial cancer-associated mutants, suppressed the nuclear localization, transcriptional activity, and malignant transformation function of YAP. Moreover, the nuclear localization of YAP was enhanced in p190A-mutated endometrial cancer. These findings reveal novel molecular mechanisms underlying Hippo-YAP pathway-driven endometrial tumorigenesis and elucidate the potential for therapy targeting the Hippo-YAP pathway in p190A-mutated endometrial cancer.
PDF
