Background: In oncology, physical activity (PA) is recognized to improve psychological and physiological functions. Motivating women with breast cancer to sustain a physically active lifestyle is ...important for promoting positive health after diagnosis. To review and synthesize what is known about how women with breast cancer experience supervised and unsupervised PA during and after adjuvant treatment. PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched, yielding 994 citations. The final review included 17 articles published between 2004 and 2014 in English. The CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) instrument was used to appraise quality. Results: Exercise is experienced as a positive element with multiple benefits. However, maintaining a physically active lifestyle during and after chemotherapy is sometimes challenging. Reported benefits of PA include feeling empowered, and improving and reclaiming health. Facilitators to PA comprised exercising with peers and skilled instructors. Barriers included social factors and lack of information. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of incorporating PA programs from a patient experience perspective as routine treatment. Health care professionals play a crucial “gateway” role in providing information on implementation and benefits of PA. Providing support and educated advice about how to safely start or continue regular PA to minimize symptoms, reduce morbidity, and increase well-being during or after treatment is vital for women with breast cancer. Implications for Practice: Health care professionals need increased knowledge of the breast cancer patients’ perspectives on facilitators and barriers to PA during and after treatment, in order to provide sufficient support for women to stay physically active during a breast cancer illness.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy causes distressing symptoms, which have to be managed by patients at home. Assessing and acting upon relevant patient-reported symptoms regularly with the support of mHealth ...such as apps, has shown to decrease symptom burden and improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL). There is a lack of apps for patients with breast cancer which are tested in rigorous trials and only a few include interactive components for immediate clinical management. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the use of the interactive app Interaktor improves patients’ levels of symptom burden and HRQoL during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.
This randomized controlled trial included patients in an intervention group (n = 74) and a control group (n = 75), recruited at two university hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden. The intervention group used Interaktor for symptom reporting, self-care advice and support from health-care professionals during treatment, and the control group received standard care alone. Self-reported symptoms and HRQoL were assessed at two time points to determine differences between the groups.
The intervention group rated statistically significant less symptom prevalence in nausea, vomiting, feeling sad, appetite loss and constipation. Overall symptom distress and physical symptom distress were rated statistically significant lower in the intervention group. Further, emotional functioning was rated statistically significant higher in the intervention group.
By using the Interaktor app in clinical practice, patients get individual support when managing treatment-related symptoms during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer, leading to decreased symptom burden and improved emotional functioning.
•Using the app Interaktor reduced symptom burden in patients with breast cancer.•The use of Interaktor enhanced emotional functioning during treatment.•Interaktor provided individual support during neoadjuvant chemotherapy.•Use of Interaktor allowed breast cancer patients for daily reflection over symptoms.
It has been argued that mixed methods research can be useful in nursing and health science because of the complexity of the phenomena studied. However, the integration of qualitative and quantitative ...approaches continues to be one of much debate and there is a need for a rigorous framework for designing and interpreting mixed methods research. This paper explores the analytical approaches (i.e. parallel, concurrent or sequential) used in mixed methods studies within healthcare and exemplifies the use of triangulation as a methodological metaphor for drawing inferences from qualitative and quantitative findings originating from such analyses.
This review of the literature used systematic principles in searching CINAHL, Medline and PsycINFO for healthcare research studies which employed a mixed methods approach and were published in the English language between January 1999 and September 2009.
In total, 168 studies were included in the results. Most studies originated in the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom (UK) and Canada. The analytic approach most widely used was parallel data analysis. A number of studies used sequential data analysis; far fewer studies employed concurrent data analysis. Very few of these studies clearly articulated the purpose for using a mixed methods design. The use of the methodological metaphor of triangulation on convergent, complementary, and divergent results from mixed methods studies is exemplified and an example of developing theory from such data is provided.
A trend for conducting parallel data analysis on quantitative and qualitative data in mixed methods healthcare research has been identified in the studies included in this review. Using triangulation as a methodological metaphor can facilitate the integration of qualitative and quantitative findings, help researchers to clarify their theoretical propositions and the basis of their results. This can offer a better understanding of the links between theory and empirical findings, challenge theoretical assumptions and develop new theory.
Purpose
There is a need to put family caregivers on the cancer survivorship research agenda. Therefore, the aim of this is study is to explore the experiences of being a family caregiver to a patient ...treated for oesophageal cancer.
Method
This qualitative study was based on the ongoing nationwide and prospective Oesophageal Surgery on Cancer patients – Adaptation and Recovery study (OSCAR) including patients surgically treated for oesophageal cancer in Sweden and their closest family caregiver. One year after the patient’s surgery, each family caregiver received a self-report questionnaire kit to fill in. For the purpose of this study, the responses to the open-ended question “Is there anything else you would like to share?” were used and analysed by conducting thematic analysis.
Results
In total, 112 responses to the open-ended question were transcribed and analysed. The text rendered three themes:
Discontinued support from healthcare
—mostly a positive experience before surgery and in the acute survivorship phase. However, after discharge from the hospital, the family caregiver felt as though they were left alone, fully responsible for the patient’s care.
A changed life
—unprepared for life-changing situation after the patient received the cancer diagnosis. A feeling that nothing will ever be the same and like your sense of self is lost.
Psychological distress
—was described as a feeling of being alone. Family caregivers felt invisible and no longer important to family and friends. The patient was the one that mattered.
Conclusion
This study indicates that patients and family caregivers would benefit from a more family-centred healthcare, where the patients’ as well as the caregivers’ perspectives would be acknowledged.
Purpose
The primary aim of the study was to develop and investigate a patient interactive digital support (an app) for patients on adjuvant endocrine breast cancer treatment. Patient’s interactive ...digital applications are a fast-growing area for research and development. In general, patients want more information and support with regard to their diagnosis, treatment and self-care. At the same time, the health care system has limited resources for follow-up. Our primary endpoints were usability of the app and if it added any value to the patients.
Methods
We designed and constructed a prototype, in dialogue with patients, containing four main modules for registration of drug compliance, performed physical exercise, self-care activities, and questions on health and quality of life. The app was then tested by patients and improved further before we completed a pilot study in which 15 patients used the app for 3 months.
Results
Patients perceived the app easy to use with a very high median system usability score of 88.8, range 30–100. The 15 women registered in total 4251 times, range 118 to 372. The majority of registrations concerned compliance (adherence to treatment) and physical exercise.
Conclusion
The app was perceived easy to use and of support in every-day life of breast cancer survivors. How to best integrate electronically collected patient reported outcome measures in clinical routine needs to be further studied, and future research will show if it will be cost-effective in terms of better health outcome and less resource use.
Introduction In early breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is increasingly used. The proof of efficacy is pathologically complete response (pCR), i.e. the absence of invasive tumour in ...breast and lymph nodes at surgery. Today, pCR is a common endpoint in pharmaceutical trials since it is significantly associated with survival especially in triple-negative and HER2-positive subtypes. Apart from the mitigation of treatment-related toxicity and symptoms, physical exercise mediates anti-tumoral systemic effects associated with tumour regression in preclinical and clinical models. The aim of Neo-ACT is to test the hypothesis that physical exercise can improve pCR rates in breast cancer patients receiving NACT. Method The Neo-ACT trial is a prospective clinical trial, randomising T1-3N0-2 breast cancer patients planned for NACT to either a home-based physical exercise intervention supported by a mobile application or routine care. The primary endpoint is pCR; secondary endpoints are patient-reported quality of life, toxicity-related outcomes, and oncological outcomes such as Residual Cancer Burden, objective radiological tumour response, as well as overall, breast cancer-specific and disease-free survival at 2, 5 and 10 years. The intervention consists of a combination of high-intensity interval and resistance training of progressing intensity, and includes at least 150 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week, inclusive of two weekly 60-min exercise sessions. In order to show an improvement in pCR of 10%, a total of 712 participants need to be included in the analysis. The Neo-ACT has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov on January 11, 2022 (NCT05184582). Expected results If Neo-ACT can prove the oncological efficacy of physical exercise, implementation of training programmes into NACT schedules will be pursued. The use of a digitally led exercise intervention aims to test the potential of such a strategy for use in rural areas and areas of limited resources.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Exercise during chemotherapy is suggested to provide clinical benefits, including improved chemotherapy completion. Despite this, few randomized controlled exercise trials have reported on ...such clinical endpoints. From the OptiTrain trial we previously showed positive effects on physiological and health‐related outcomes after 16 weeks of supervised exercise in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Here, we examined the effects of exercise on rates of chemotherapy completion and hospitalization, as well as on blood cell concentrations during chemotherapy.
Patients and Methods
Two hundred forty women scheduled for chemotherapy were randomized to 16 weeks of resistance and high‐intensity interval training (RT‐HIIT), moderate‐intensity aerobic and high‐intensity interval training (AT‐HIIT), or usual care (UC). Outcomes included chemotherapy completion, hospitalization, hemoglobin, lymphocyte, thrombocyte, and neutrophil concentrations during chemotherapy.
Results
No significant between‐groups differences were found in the proportion of participants who required dose reductions (RT‐HIIT vs. UC: odds ratio OR, 1.08; AT‐HIIT vs. UC: OR, 1.39), or average relative dose intensity of chemotherapy between groups (RT‐HIIT vs. UC: effect size ES, 0.08; AT‐HIIT vs. UC: ES, −0.07). A significantly lower proportion of participants in the RT‐HIIT group (3%) were hospitalized during chemotherapy compared with UC (15%; OR, 0.20). A significantly lower incidence of thrombocytopenia was found for both RT‐HIIT (11%) and AT‐HIIT (10%) versus UC (30%; OR, 0.27; OR, 0.27).
Conclusion
No beneficial effects of either RT‐HIIT or AT‐HIIT on chemotherapy completion rates were found. However, combined resistance training and high‐intensity interval training were effective to reduce hospitalization rates, and both exercise groups had a positive effect on thrombocytopenia. These are important findings with potential positive implications for the health of women with breast cancer and costs associated with treatment‐related complications.
Implications for Practice
Completing the prescribed chemotherapy regimen is strongly associated with a good prognosis for patients with primary breast cancer. Despite this, treatment‐induced side effects make it necessary to reduce or alter the treatment regimen and can also lead to hospitalization. Exercise during chemotherapy is suggested to provide clinical benefits, including improved chemotherapy completion. This study showed that combined resistance and high‐intensity interval training during chemotherapy resulted in lower hospitalization rates and a lower incidence of thrombocytopenia in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. However, no beneficial effects of either exercise program on chemotherapy completion rates were found, which is in contrast to previous findings in this population. The findings reported in the current article have positive implications for the health of women with breast cancer and costs associated with treatment‐related complications.
The positive effect of supervised exercise in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy has previously been shown. This article focuses on the effects of exercise on chemotherapy completion and hospitalization rates, as well as blood cell concentrations during chemotherapy.
Patients are affected by various symptoms after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) that can affect recovery. Research has mainly focused on symptom occurrence; thus, ...little is known about patients' overall symptom burden.
The aim of this study was to examine patient-reported symptom burden in the first year after allo-HSCT and whether a high symptom burden 4 months after allo-HSCT predicts recovery, that is, general health and sick leave, 1 year after transplantation.
Allo-HSCT patients aged 18 to 65 years were included (n = 189). Questionnaire data were collected on admission to the allo-HSCT unit, as well as 4 and 7 months and 1 year after allo-HSCT. Logistic regression evaluated relationships between demographic characteristics, chronic graft-versus-host disease, physical activity, and a high symptom burden.
Tiredness, susceptibility to infection, disinterest in sex, and physical weakness remained the most frequent symptoms, while distressing symptoms varied during the first year after allo-HSCT.Poor general health 1 year after allo-HSCT was associated with older age, low physical activity, and a high symptom burden 4 months after allo-HSCT. Full-time sick leave 1 year after allo-HSCT was associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease, low physical activity, and a high symptom burden 4 months after transplantation.
Experiencing a high symptom burden 4 months after allo-HSCT can affect recovery 1 year after transplantation. Furthermore, low physical activity 4 months after allo-HSCT can predict both general health and sick leave 1 year after transplantation.
Repeated symptom assessment, including experienced distress, is central for reducing overall symptom burden and supporting recovery after allo-HSCT.
Abstract
Background
Acceptability of the recommended screening procedure represents a crucial determinant of the impact of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes. This study aims to explore how ...individuals in CRC screening experience the screening procedure.
Methods
Study participants (n = 44), aged 60–62 years, screened by faecal immunochemical test (FIT) and/or colonoscopy, were recruited from the Screening of Swedish Colons (SCREESCO) study. Data were collected through six focus group discussions and 20 individual telephone interviews and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results
The analysis resulted in 30 subcategories together forming four categories describing individuals’ experiences of the CRC screening procedure: From no worries to bothering emotions; Varying logistical concerns; Being well treated, but inconsistently informed and involved and Expectations not matching reality. Some subcategories only applied to either FIT or colonoscopy screening, while others applied to both screening procedures.
Conclusions
Undergoing CRC screening by FIT or colonoscopy is an individual experience. Strategies to improve patient experiences may include using one-sample FITs and optimizing bowel preparation and scheduling of colonoscopies according to individual preferences. Ensuring that needs for emotional support are acknowledged, together with clear and adequate information delivered at right time are further important aspects to consider.
PURPOSEThe randomized controlled OptiTrain trial showed beneficial effects on fatigue after a 16-week exercise intervention in patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. We ...hypothesize that exercise alters systemic inflammation and that this partially mediates the beneficial effects of exercise on fatigue.
METHODSTwo hundred and forty women scheduled for chemotherapy were randomized to 16 weeks of resistance and high-intensity interval training (RT-HIIT), moderate-intensity aerobic and high-intensity interval training (AT-HIIT) or usual care (UC). In the current mechanistic analyses, we included all participants with >60% attendance and a random selection of controls (RT-HIIT=30, AT-HIIT=27, UC=29). Fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale) and ninety-two markers (e.g. IL-6, TNFα) were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Mediation analyses were conducted to explore whether changes in inflammation markers mediated the effect of exercise on fatigue.
RESULTSOverall, chemotherapy led to an increase in inflammation. The increase in IL-6 (pleiotropic cytokine) and CD8a (T-cell surface glycoprotein) was, however, significantly less pronounced following RT-HIIT compared to UC (-0.47 (95%CI -0.87;-0.07) and -0.28 (-0.57;0.004), respectively). Changes in IL-6 and CD8a significantly mediated the exercise effects on both general and physical fatigue by 32.0% and 27.7%, and 31.2% and 26.4%, respectively. No significant between-group differences in inflammatory markers at 16 weeks were found between AT-HIIT and UC.
CONCLUSIONThis study is the first showing that supervised RT-HIIT partially counteracted the increase in inflammation during chemotherapy, i.e. IL-6 and soluble CD8a, which resulted in lower fatigue levels post-intervention. Exercise including both resistance and high-intensity aerobic training might be put forward as an effective treatment to reduce chemotherapy-induced inflammation and subsequent fatigue.
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