Impact of concomitant mitral regurgitation (MR) on outcome in patients undergoing TAVR appears to be unclear. ...it was aim of this study to evaluate the impact of MR on outcome after TAVR.
Abstract only
Background:
In previous work we have identified arginase I (ARG1) as a novel candidate gene of atherosclerosis resistance in macrophages (Teupser et al ATVB 2006). In macrophages, ...L-arginine can be metabolized by NO synthase and arginase to form NO and urea, respectively. Thus, high expression of ARG1 in macrophages (as observed in atherosclerosis resistant our rabbits) may be an effective mechanism of reducing macrophage NO-production and thus vascular inflammation.
Methods and Results:
To test the hypothesis that ARG1 exerts anti-atherogenic properties, we generated ARG1-transgenic mice, expressing human ARG1 under the control of a CMV promoter. In these animals, ARG1 was over-expressed in various tissues including bone-marrow-derived macrophages. Under basal conditions, expression of human ARG1 in macrophages of transgenic mice was significantly higher compared to endogenous murine ARG1 (27062±13652 vs. 176±81 copies ARG1/10
6
copies cyclophilin, respectively). To test the functionality of the human transgene, macrophages were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (1 μg/mL). After 6 hours of incubation, NO-release was significantly diminished in macrophages of transgenic mice, compared to non-transgenic controls (94±9 vs. 140±16 μmol/ng cell protein, respectively p = 0.03), indicating that hARG1 transgene expression influences NO synthesis by competing with iNOS for the common substrate L-arginine. To test the effect of the transgene on atherosclerosis susceptibility, bone marrow from ARG1-transgenic and non-transgenic animals were transplanted onto LDL-receptor deficient C57BL/6 recipients at 8 weeks of age. Animals were sacrified at 20 weeks of age and no significant differences in lipid and lipoprotein levels were noted. However, atherosclerosis of animals transplanted with transgenic bone marrow (n=16) was significantly reduced compared to controls (n=15) (75160±9914 vs. 121500±18410 μm
2
, p=0.03).
Conclusion:
Our data show for the first time that over-expression of human ARG1 in macrophages has direct anti-atherogenic properties by reducing NO-release in macrophages. We conclude that ARG1 might constitute an interesting novel target for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
Controlling the modal content coupled into an optical fiber can be desireable in many situations, e.g. for adjusting the sensitivity of the guided field distribution to external perturbations. For ...this purpose we used a monolithic setup of a phase plate at a fiber inpute facet to excite selectivly higher order modes, which theoretically can provide a mode purity of more than 99%. We investigated the capabilities of this approach by complete modal decomposition of the fiber output signals, considering the achievable mode purity with respect to several possible imperfections of the setup. The experiments are compared with detailed numerical simulations and show a high agreement. Additionally a comparison with a well known setup with free space phase plates was undertaken. This showed the monolithic setup to be energetically twice as efficient.
Die quantitative Betriebswirtschaftslehre leistet in der Praxis vor allem Entscheidungsvorbereitung. Stand der Forschung, Anwendungsbreite, Leistungspotential, und Operationalität des Zugangs belegt ...dieses Werk anhand von Fallstudien.
Schlüsselseiten aus dem Exemplar der FB Gotha: Diss.med 8° 61 (55).
Ausg. früher auch unter VD17 14:627630K. Variante A: korrekte Paginierung. - Variante B: mit Paginierfehler auf Bogen A2 verso: ...statt "4" hier Zählung "2".
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