The extended Gaussian ensemble introduced recently as a generalization of the canonical ensemble, which allows to treat energy fluctuations present in the system, is used to analyze the inelasticity ...distributions in high energy multiparticle production processes.
Background: Coronary heart disease patients and end-stage renal disease patients have been documented to have an increased amount of coronary artery calcifications (CAC).
Purpose: To evaluate the ...distribution of CAC and its influence on interscan variability of measurement in end-stage renal disease and coronary heart disease patients, proven to have calcifications.
Material and Methods: 69 patients having CAC, including 34 with coronary heart disease and 35 with end-stage renal disease, were scanned twice with multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT). Amount of CAC was determined as the number of calcified lesions (CN), total calcium score (CS), calcium volume (CV), and calcium mass (CM). Distribution of CAC was evaluated on a per-patient basis as the median CS and CM of a single lesion. Density of the calcifications was calculated as the patient's CM divided by CV.
Results: The overall median CS was 457.2, and the median CM was 75.6 mg. There were no significant differences in the number of calcified lesions, CS, or CM between the two groups. Both CS and CM of a single lesion, as well as the mean calcium density were lower in renal disease patients (P<0.05) than in coronary heart disease subjects. The relative interscan variability of coronary calcium measurement was higher in the renal disease group (P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the calcium concentration and the relative interscan variability.
Conclusion: The results indicate that the coronary calcium distribution influences the measurement interscan reproducibility, and the distribution may differ between end-stage renal disease patients and coronary heart disease patients, reflecting the dissimilar nature of coronary calcifications in those groups.
Self-organized criticality in atmospheric cascades Rybczyński, M.; Wo̵darczyk, Z.; Wilk, G.
Nuclear physics. B, Proceedings supplement/Nuclear physics. B, Proceedings supplements,
04/2001, Letnik:
97, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
We argue that atmospheric cascades can be regarded as an example of the self-organized criticality and studied by using Lévy flights and a nonextensive approach. It allows us to understand the ...scale-invariant energy fluctuations inside cascades in a natural way.
Muons from strangelets Rybczyński, M.; Wo̵darczyk, Z.; Wilk, G.
Nuclear physics. B, Proceedings supplement/Nuclear physics. B, Proceedings supplements,
04/2001, Letnik:
97, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
The hypothesis is discussed that muon bundles of extremely high multiplicity observed recently by ALEPH detector (in the dedicated cosmic-ray run) can originate from the strangelets colliding with ...the atmosphere.
The extended Gaussian ensemble introduced recently as a generalization of the canonical ensemble, which allows to treat energy fluctuations present in the system, is used to analyze the inelasticity ...distributions in high energy multiparticle production processes. Copyright EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/Springer-Verlag 2006
We present a phenomenological model which describes the formation of a Centauro fireball in the baryon-rich projectile fragmentation region in nucleus-nucleus interactions in the upper atmosphere and ...at the LHC, and its decay to non-strange baryons and Strangelets. Strangelets are assimilated to the “strongly penetrating component” frequently observed accompanying hadron-rich cosmic ray events. We describe the CASTOR subdetector for the ALICE experiment at the LHC. CASTOR will probe, in an event-by-event mode, the very forward, baryon-rich phase space 5.6 ≤ η ≤ 7.2 in 5.5 × A TeV central
Pb +
Pb collisions. It will look for events with pronounced imbalance between hadronic and photonic content and for deeply penetrating objects. We present results of simulations for the response of the CASTOR calorimeter to the passage of Strangelets.
Biotechnological exploitation of microalgae Gangl, Doris; Zedler, Julie A. Z.; Rajakumar, Priscilla D. ...
Journal of experimental botany,
12/2015, Letnik:
66, Številka:
22
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Microalgae are a diverse group of single-cell photosynthetic organisms that include cyanobacteria and a wide range of eukaryotic algae. A number of microalgae contain high-value compounds such as ...oils, colorants, and polysaccharides, which are used by the food additive, oil, and cosmetic industries, among others. They offer the potential for rapid growth under photoautotrophic conditions, and they can grow in a wide range of habitats. More recently, the development of genetic tools means that a number of species can be transformed and hence used as cell factories for the production of high-value chemicals or recombinant proteins. In this article, we review exploitation use of microalgae with a special emphasis on genetic engineering approaches to develop cell factories, and the use of synthetic ecology approaches to maximize productivity. We discuss the success stories in these areas, the hurdles that need to be overcome, and the potential for expanding the industry in general.
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