The piezoelectric effect of biological piezoelectric materials promotes bone growth. However, the material should be subjected to stress before it can produce an electric charge that promotes bone ...repair and reconstruction conducive to fracture healing. A novel method for in vitro experimentation of biological piezoelectric materials with physiological load is presented. A dynamic loading device that can simulate the force of human motion and provide periodic load to piezoelectric materials when co-cultured with cells was designed to obtain a realistic expression of piezoelectric effect on bone repair. Hydroxyapatite (HA)/barium titanate (BaTiO
) composite materials were fabricated by slip casting, and their piezoelectric properties were obtained by polarization. The d
of HA/BaTiO
piezoelectric ceramics after polarization was 1.3 pC/N to 6.8 pC/N with BaTiO
content ranging from 80% to 100%. The in vitro biological properties of piezoelectric bioceramics with and without cycle loading were investigated. When HA/BaTiO
piezoelectric bioceramics were affected by cycle loading, the piezoelectric effect of BaTiO
promoted the growth of osteoblasts and interaction with HA, which was better than the effect of HA alone. The best biocompatibility and bone-inducing activity were demonstrated by the 10%HA/90%BaTiO
piezoelectric ceramics.
Objective
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) are the most frequent malignancies in the salivary glands. The purpose of this study was to explore the roles of sine ...oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1), malic enzyme 2 (ME2), and AP‐2 complex subunit mu (AP2M1) in AdCC and MEC, as well as the potential relationship between SIX1, ME2, AP2M1, and proliferation marker cyclin D1.
Material and methods
Immunohistochemistry was performed on human salivary gland tissue microarrays that contained 76 normal salivary glands (NSGs), 14 pleomorphic adenomas (PMAs), 81 AdCCs, and 52 MECs.
Results
We observed that the expression levels of SIX1 and ME2 were significantly elevated in AdCC and MEC when compared with NSG and PMA. In addition, we detected that AP2M1 was overexpressed in AdCC and MEC when compared with NSG. We also found that SIX1 and AP2M1 were positively associated with cyclin D1.
Conclusions
These results may prove that SIX1 and AP2M1 are involved in the proliferation of AdCC and MEC to cause tumor growth.
Because a host's immune system is affected by host-microbiota interactions, means of modulating the microbiota could be leveraged to augment the effectiveness of cancer therapies. Here we report that ...patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) whose tumours contained higher levels of bacteria of the genus Peptostreptococcus had higher probability of long-term survival. We then show that in mice with murine OSCC tumours injected with oral microbiota from patients with OSCCs, antitumour responses were enhanced by the subcutaneous delivery of an adhesive hydrogel incorporating silver nanoparticles (which inhibited the growth of bacteria competing with Peptostreptococcus) alongside the intratumoural delivery of the bacterium P. anaerobius (which upregulated the levels of Peptostreptococcus). We also show that in mice with subcutaneous or orthotopic murine OSCC tumours, combination therapy with the two components (nanoparticle-incorporating hydrogel and exogenous P. anaerobius) synergized with checkpoint inhibition with programmed death-1. Our findings suggest that biomaterials can be designed to modulate human microbiota to augment antitumour immune responses.
Magnetic molecules have shown great potential in quantum information processing due to the chemical tunablity of their quantum behaviors. Chemical derivatives of endohedral nitrogen fullerenes with ...long coherence time and rich energy levels were synthesized and studied to demonstrate the ability of multiprocessing in quantum information using electron magnetic resonance. After initialization of the 12‐levelled spin system, subgroups of spin energy levels coursed by the hyperfine couplings can be selectively manipulated. The cooperatively combining of the parallel calculations enabled quantum error correction, increasing the correct rate by up to 17.82 %. Also, different subgroups of transitions divided by hyperfine coupling can be treated as independent qubits, and multi‐task quantum computing were realized by performing Z‐gate and X‐gate simultaneously, which accelerates the overall gating speed.
Chemical derivatives of endohedral nitrogen fullerenes with long coherence time were used to demonstrate the multiprocessing of quantum computing with different subgroups of energy transitions divided by hyperfine couplings. Cooperatively combining the parallelly calculated results enabled quantum error correction of a D‐J algorithm and multi‐task qubit manipulations of different types of quantum gates.
Treatments for osteoarthritis (OA) are designed to restore chondrocyte function and inhibit cell apoptosis. Previous studies have shown that activation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor ...(GLP-1R) leads to anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the role of GLP-1R in the pathological process of OA is unclear. In present work, we aimed to demonstrate the potential effect of GLP-1R on chondrocytes and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. We found that activation of GLP-1R with liraglutide could protect chondrocytes against endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis induced by interleukin (IL)-1β or triglycerides (TGs). These effects were partially attenuated by GLP-1R small interfering RNA treatment. Moreover, inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling abolished the protective effects of GLP-1R by increase the apoptosis activity and ER stress. Activating GLP-1R suppressed the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, decreased the release of inflammatory mediators (IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α), and reduced matrix catabolism in TG-treated chondrocytes; these effects were abolished by GLP-1R knockdown. In the end, liraglutide attenuated rat cartilage degeneration in an OA model of knee joints in vivo. Our results indicate that GLP-1R is a therapeutic target for the treatment of OA, and that liraglutide could be a therapeutic candidate for this clinical application.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine that is used as an immunopotentiator for anti-tumor therapies in recent years. We found that some of the extranodal natural ...killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) patients with the treatment of hGM-CSF rapidly experienced disease progression, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we aimed to explore the mechanisms of disease progression triggered by GM-CSF in ENKTL.
The mouse models bearing EL4 cell tumors were established to investigate the effects of GM-CSF on tumor growth and T cell infiltration and function. Human ENKTL cell lines including NK-YS, SNK-6, and SNT-8 were used to explore the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) induced by GM-CSF. To further study the mechanisms of disease progression of ENKTL in detail, the mutations and gene expression profile were examined by next-generation sequence (NGS) in the ENKTL patient's tumor tissue samples.
The mouse-bearing EL4 cell tumor exhibited a faster tumor growth rate and poorer survival in the treatment with GM-CSF alone than in treatment with IgG or the combination of GM-CSF and PD-1 antibody. The PD-L1 expression at mRNA and protein levels was significantly increased in ENKTL cells treated with GM-CSF. STAT5A high-frequency mutation including p.R131G, p.D475N, p.F706fs, p.V707E, and p.S710F was found in 12 ENKTL cases with baseline tissue samples. Importantly, STAT5A-V706fs mutation tumor cells exhibited increased activation of STAT5A pathway and PD-L1 overexpression in the presence of GM-CSF.
These findings demonstrate that GM-CSF potentially triggers the loss of tumor immune surveillance in ENKTL patients and promotes disease progression, which is associated with STAT5 mutations and JAK2 hyperphosphorylation and then upregulates the expression of PD-L1. These may provide new concepts for GM-CSF application and new strategies for the treatment of ENKTL.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Sarcopenia has become a significant obstacle to healthy aging in older adults. Flavonoids may contribute to treating sarcopenia, and attenuate the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, muscle ...strength, and physical function, however, their benefits in sarcopenic individuals remain unclear. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of flavonoids on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in adults with sarcopenia based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This review was conducted in conformity with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The article search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar for the period until June 2023. RCTs that assessed the effects of flavonoids/flavonoids combined with other supplementation/flavonoid-rich supplementations on skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in adults diagnosed with sarcopenia before intervention were included. From the 309 articles found, a total of 6 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. RCTs evaluated the main outcomes of tea catechins, epicatechin, and isoflavones intervention. Skeletal muscle mass significantly increased in three studies, muscle strength significantly elevated in two studies, and physical performance significantly improved in two studies. The majority of studies (five in six) found at least one of the main outcomes is elevated by flavonoids intervention. Flavonoids may have a great potential to treat sarcopenia.
Background. The prognostic value of preoperative anemia in gastric cancer remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative anemia in ...gastric cancer. Methods. We searched Embase and PubMed databases for relevant studies from inception to March 2018. The prognostic value of preoperative anemia in gastric cancer was determined by calculating the hazard ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) as effect measures. A random effect model was used in cases in which there was significant heterogeneity; otherwise, a fixed effect model was used. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata software. Results. Seventeen studies involving 13,154 gastric cancer patients were included. The estimated rate of preoperative anemia was 36% (95%CI=27-44%). The overall survival of preoperative anemia was poor (HR=1.33, 95%CI=1.21-1.45). Moreover, disease-free survival was significantly lower in patients with preoperative anemia compared with those without this condition (HR=1.62, 95%CI=1.13-2.32). These findings were corroborated by the results of subgroup analyses. Conclusions. The results indicate that preoperative anemia predicts poor prognosis in gastric cancer, including overall survival and disease-free survival. Therefore, preoperative anemia may be a convenient and cost-effective blood-derived prognostic marker for gastric cancer.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in diverse biological processes; however, few have been identified that regulate immune cell differentiation and function. Here, we identified ...lnc-DC, which was exclusively expressed in human conventional dendritic cells (DCs). Knockdown of lnc-DC impaired DC differentiation from human monocytes in vitro and from mouse bone marrow cells in vivo and reduced capacity of DCs to stimulate T cell activation. lnc-DC mediated these effects by activating the transcription factor STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3). lnc-DC bound directly to STAT3 in the cytoplasm, which promoted STAT3 phosphorylation on tyrosine-705 by preventing STAT3 binding to and dephosphorylation by SHP1. Our work identifies a lncRNA that regulates DC differentiation and also broadens the known mechanisms of lncRNA action.
To investigate the clinical effect of double pulley combined with suture bridge in the treatment of comminuted fracture of the lower pole of the patella.
From January 2018 to June 2020, 15 patients ...with comminuted fracture of the lower pole of the patella were treated with double pulley and suture bridge technology, including 9 males and 6 females, aged 28 to 68 years old with an average of (42.4±9.6) years old. All patients had obvious knee joint pain and limited movement after injury. All knee joints were examined by X-ray and CT, which confirmed that they were all comminuted fractures at the lower level of the patella. After operation, X-ray films of the knee joint were taken regularly to understand the fracture healing, the Insall Salvati index was measure, the range of motion of the joint was recorded, and the function of the knee joint was evaluateed by the Bostman scoring system.
All the 15 patients were followed up for 7 to 24 months with an average of (11.4±4.2) months, and there was no obvious anter
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