Human-land coordination represents urbanization and is a key component of urban modernization. In this study, the theory of system dynamics was introduced, in which a "production-living-ecological" ...complex system was used based on the human-land coordination concept. Moreover, the characteristics of system dynamics of causal cycle, dynamic and sustainable development, man-land synergy, integrity and openness, and self-organization and adaptability were analyzed by dividing it into three subsystems: urban production, urban living, and urban ecological subsystems. Here, causal feedback and system structure flow diagrams were designed using causal loop diagrams and system structure flow diagrams to evaluate the causal relationships between variables and quantitatively analyzing their interactions between variables and predicting the future development of variables. Changsha City, China was selected as the case study area, where we constructed system dynamics practice equation model was then constructed to determine the interaction between the subsystems. Our findings indicate that by the year 2035 in the future, the overall trend of factors influencing the function of the subsystems such as population, GDP and built-up area are positively correlated with an increasing trend, and there are interactions between. Furthermore, these factors interact with each other, and a mutual correlation was found among the production-living-ecological functions system, Therefore, this study provides a novel perspective and exploratory practice for the study of the synergistic coupling of ecological, production, and living functions of cities and evaluating high-quality development of cities. Thus, the coupling and coordination of urban production, living and ecological functions reflects the coupling and coordination of the "people-land" relationship, which is the key to high-quality urban development.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Housing values are heavily influenced by urban facilities. However, the amenity effects of urban facilities have not been fully assessed, and their spatial heterogeneity has largely been neglected. ...Taking Nanjing as an example, this study adopts a synthetic approach that considers scarcity, accessibility, and submarkets, and highlights the influence of the idiosyncratic characteristics of urban facilities and heterogeneous urban spaces on housing prices. We divide urban facilities into two categories based on scarcity: irreplaceable and replaceable facilities. We find that the influence of urban facilities differs among different categories and submarkets, and the influence of irreplaceable facilities is highly dependent on accessibility in all submarkets, while that of replaceable facilities relies on both the accessibility and scarcity of those facilities. This study contributes to our understanding of the importance of and differences among the effects of various public facilities on property values in the intra-urban environment.
•This study highlights the influence of idiosyncratic urban facilities and heterogeneous urban spaces on housing prices.•Urban facilities play an important role in housing prices, which differ among different categories and submarkets.•The influence of irreplaceable facilities is highly dependent on accessibility in all submarkets.•The influence of replaceable facilities relies on both the accessibility and scarcity of those facilities.
The Chinese government has set long-term carbon neutrality and renewable energy (RE) development goals for the power sector. Despite a precipitous decline in the costs of RE technologies, the ...external costs of renewable intermittency and the massive investments in new RE capacities would increase electricity costs. Here, we develop a power system expansion model to comprehensively evaluate changes in the electricity supply costs over a 30-year transition to carbon neutrality. RE supply curves, operating security constraints, and the characteristics of various generation units are modelled in detail to assess the cost variations accurately. According to our results, approximately 5.8 TW of wind and solar photovoltaic capacity would be required to achieve carbon neutrality in the power system by 2050. The electricity supply costs would increase by 9.6 CNY¢/kWh. The major cost shift would result from the substantial investments in RE capacities, flexible generation resources, and network expansion.
Integrating personal thermoregulation technologies into wearable textiles has enabled extensive and profound technological breakthroughs in energy savings, thermal comfort, wearable electronics, ...intelligent fabrics, and so forth. Nevertheless, previous studies have suffered from long-standing issues such as limited working temperature, poor comfort, and weak reliability of the textiles. Here, we demonstrate a skin-friendly personal insulation textile and a thermoregulation textile that can perform both passive heating and cooling using the same piece of textile with zero energy input. The insulation textile material is composed of biomaterial microstructured fibers that exhibit good thermal insulation, low thermal emissivity, and good dyeability. By filling these microstructure fibers with biocompatible phase-change materials and coating them with polydimethylsiloxane, the insulation textile becomes a thermoregulation textile that shows good water hydrophobicity, high mechanical robustness, and high working stability. The proposed thermoregulation textile exhibits slow heating/cooling rates with improved thermal comfort, offering feasible and adaptive options for personal cooling/heating scenarios and enabling scalable manufacturing for practical applications.
A durable way to keep cool
The fibers that make up textiles can be augmented to change how they interact with thermal radiation, but the resulting materials often are not durable. Zeng
et al
. ...developed a multilayer metafabric composed of a titanium oxide polylactic acid composite laminated with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer. This combination creates a textile that has passive radiative cooling properties with good mechanical properties and scalability. The textile can be made into clothes or car covers and keeps a person or a car much cooler than other fabrics. —BG
Scalable multilayer fabric with hierarchical random structure provides daytime radiative cooling functionality.
Incorporating passive radiative cooling structures into personal thermal management technologies could effectively defend humans against intensifying global climate change. We show that large-scale woven metafabrics can provide high emissivity (94.5%) in the atmospheric window and high reflectivity (92.4%) in the solar spectrum because of the hierarchical-morphology design of the randomly dispersed scatterers throughout the metafabric. Through scalable industrial textile manufacturing routes, our metafabrics exhibit desirable mechanical strength, waterproofness, and breathability for commercial clothing while maintaining efficient radiative cooling ability. Practical application tests demonstrated that a human body covered by our metafabric could be cooled ~4.8°C lower than one covered by commercial cotton fabric. The cost-effectiveness and high performance of our metafabrics present substantial advantages for intelligent garments, smart textiles, and passive radiative cooling applications.
In the last few years, Ln-MOFs, which are stable multi-dimensional frameworks composed of highly luminescent Ln
3+
ions and multitopic organic ligands, have become a very fascinating class of ...materials in view of their luminescence properties. Their luminescence can be easily modulated owing to their structural diversity and predictability, as well as multiple options for excitation and emission, including those performed
via
the organic linker serving as an efficient antenna, the discrete energy levels of Ln
3+
ions, and the luminescent guests that were trapped in the cavities. In particular, the similarity in the chemical reactivity and the coordination environment of different Ln
3+
ions allows the formation of a series of isostructural mixed Ln-MOFs whose colour output can be fine-tuned by changing the types and relative concentration of the constituent Ln
3+
ions or the excitation wavelength. Most significantly, white-light emitting materials may be obtained if the mixing of Ln
3+
ions can be carefully controlled. Based on these unique properties, mixed Ln-MOFs may play an outstanding role in the fields of lighting and display systems. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current status of the research on mixed Ln-MOFs, especially those constructed using aromatic polycarboxylate ligands, and to highlight their colour tunable and white light emission properties.
This review highlights the luminescence tuning and white light emission of aromatic polycarboxylate-based mixed Ln-MOFs by changing the relative concentration of the constituent Ln
3+
ions or the excitation wavelength.
Carnosine and anserine are abundant peptides found in the skeletal muscle and nervous system in many vertebrates. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrate that exogenously administered ...carnosine improves exercise performance. Furthermore, carnosine is an antioxidant and antifatigue supplement. However, the physiological functions of endogenous carnosine and its related histidine-containing dipeptides in a living organism remain unclear. We aimed to clarify the physiological roles of endogenous carnosine by investigating the characteristics of carnosine synthase gene-deficient mice and the effects of carnosine on skeletal muscle protein metabolism. We discovered that carnosine and anserine were undetectable in the skeletal muscle of carnosine synthase knockout mice. We also quantified protein gene expression and enzyme levels in muscle protein metabolism. Gene and protein levels of the muscle protein synthesizer insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and the degrading enzyme cathepsin B were markedly lower in carnosine synthase gene-deficient mice than those in wild-type mice. The amount of 3-methylhistidine (a marker for muscle proteolysis) in forced exercise and the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle were considerably lower in carnosine synthase gene-deficient mice than in wild-type mice. Consequently, we showed that carnosine deficiency affects weight maintenance and protein metabolism in skeletal muscle, suggesting that carnosine regulates skeletal muscle protein metabolism.
•carnosine and anserine were undetectable in skeletal muscle of carnosine synthase knockout mice.•carnosine synthase deficiency has been shown to affect skeletal muscle metabolism.•Exercise-loaded causes differences in skeletal muscle between the carnosine synthase knockout mice and wild-type mice.
We present a new large-scale multilingual video description dataset, VATEX 1 , which contains over 41,250 videos and 825, 000 captions in both English and Chinese. Among the captions, there are over ...206,000 English-Chinese parallel translation pairs. Compared to the widely-used MSRVTT dataset 64, VATEX is multilingual, larger, linguistically complex, and more diverse in terms of both video and natural language descriptions. We also introduce two tasks for video-and-language research based on VATEX: (1) Multilingual Video Captioning, aimed at describing a video in various languages with a compact unified captioning model, and (2) Video-guided Machine Translation, to translate a source language description into the target language using the video information as additional spatiotemporal context. Extensive experiments on the VATEX dataset show that, first, the unified multilingual model can not only produce both English and Chinese descriptions for a video more efficiently, but also offer improved performance over the monolingual models. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the spatiotemporal video context can be effectively utilized to align source and target languages and thus assist machine translation. In the end, we discuss the potentials of using VATEXfor other video-and-language research.
The grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) is a meta-heuristic algorithm proposed in 2017 mimics the biological behavior of grasshopper swarms seeking food sources in nature for solving ...optimization problems. Nonetheless, some shortcomings exist in the origin GOA, and GOA global search ability is more or less insufficient and precision also needs to be further improved. Although there are many different GOA variants in the literature, the problem of inefficient and rough precision has still emerged in GOA variants. Aiming at these deficiencies, this paper develops an improved version of GOA with Levy Flight mechanism called LFGOA to alleviate the shortcomings of the origin GOA. The LFGOA algorithm achieved a more suitable balance between exploitation and exploration during searching for the most promising region. The performance of LFGOA is tested using 23 mathematical benchmark functions in comparison with the eight well-known meta-heuristic algorithms and seven real-world engineering problems. The statistical analysis and experimental results show the efficiency of LFGOA. According to obtained results, it is possible to say that the LFGOA algorithm can be a potential alternative in the solution of meta-heuristic optimization problems as it has high exploration and exploitation capabilities.
Since Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) first introduction, it continues to be used extensively today, owing to its simplicity, easy handling, and applicability to a wide range of problems. Although there ...are many different GWO variants in the literature, the problem that the GWO produces early convergence and inefficient results have still continued to emerge in their variants. In order to overcome the drawbacks of the GWO, the GWO integrated together with Levy Flight (LFGWO) is proposed. In order to demonstrate the overall performance of the LFGWO, experiments are conducted using the 23 standard benchmark functions and 10 composition functions of CEC 2019 compared with the other eight state-of-art algorithms. The 28 out of 33 average and 27 out of 33 standard deviation values obtained by LFGWO are all less than those obtained by the other eight optimization algorithms, which verified and demonstrated the performance, stability, and robustness of the LFGWO. The extensibility test with different scales of dimensions 50, 100, 300, and 500, is undertaken by comparing LFGWO with GWO and IGWO to assess the dimensional influence on problem consistency and optimization quality. Moreover, the performance of the LFGWO has also been tested on five real-world problems and infinite impulse response (IIR) challenging model identification, experimental results and statistical tests demonstrate that the performance of LFGWO is significantly better than the other compared algorithms, and the LFGWO is capable of solving real-world problems.
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