Urban green open space is a valuable resource for physical activities of urban inhabitants and has the potential to reduce chronic illness and improve health. Research on the relationships between ...green open space and physical activity is incomplete and limited in China. Thus, the study examines how the urban green open space contributes to physical activity.
A questionnaire was designed based on the social ecology theory to investigate the physical activity of 513 residents in urban green open space. We use the time and frequency of residents exercising in urban green space to measure physical activity, and use the factor analysis to synthesize a large number of original factors (i.e., infrastructure, safety, accessibility, landscape quality, and space environment) into relatively few composite indicators. Based on the collected data of the cross-sectional population, the Order Probit regression model was constructed to analyze how urban green open space affects the residents' physical activity from the perspective of social ecology.
① in community factors: accessibility is significantly positive correlation with residents' physical activity, and there is no significant correlation between safety and physical activity; ②in natural factors: space environment and landscape quality are not significantly correlated with residents' physical activity; ③ in built environmental factors: infrastructures, the area of green space, the size of open space, and entertainment facilities are significantly correlated to residents' activity. Basketball courts, volleyball courts, swimming pools, and sports equipment will promote physical activity; ④ apart from the attributes of green open space, other factors are significantly correlated to physical activity in the green open space, e.g. having a companion.
Urban green open space plays an important role in promoting physical activity especially among the women and the old, and improving the attributes (such as accessibility, infrastructures, the area of green space, the size of open space and entertainment facilities) of the urban green open space and trying to set up group sports proper to play with companion (like "square dancing" and "Tai Chi") can promote Chinese residents' physical activity so as to improve public health. The results are significant to facilitate environment health.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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•Amino-functionalized Bacterial Cellulose(BC) was firstly used for immobilization.•The properties of modified BC showed more suitable for enzyme immobilization.•Horseradish Peroxidase ...immobilized on modified BC exhibited excellent adaptability.•The preparation could be reused ten times without significant loss in activity.
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biodegradable material with many excellent properties for enzyme immobilization. However, hydroxyl groups of low reactivity in glucose units cannot directly react with the amines of enzymatic proteins. In this work, amino-functionalized bacterial cellulose was firstly used as carrier to immobilize horseradish peroxidase (HRP) via glutaraldehyde coupling. SEM, FT-IR, XPS, BET, and TGA were used to characterize the properties of modified BC and showed that it is more suitable for enzyme immobilization. The optimum pH range for immobilized HRP (pH 5.5–8.5) was wider than that of free enzyme (pH 6–8), and the immobilized HRP exhibited good adaptability to environmental alkalinity. The relative activity of immobilized HRP at 25–40 °C was greater than 90%, significantly surpassing that of free HRP. Furthermore, the obtained kinetic constant values showed that modified BC had decreased affinity for the substrate. Additionally, modified BC-immobilized HRP was reused efficiently for 10 cycles with greater than 70% of its original activity retained. Under optimal conditions, coupling ratio and specific activity could reach 86.7% and 41.7 Ug−1 min−1, respectively. These results show that the immobilization of HRP on amino-functionalized BC enhanced its appropriateness for a future use in various biotechnological and environmental applications.
A series of methylamine-modified hyper-cross-linked resins were fabricated from chloromethylated polystrene-co-divinylbenzene by two continuous reactions (Friedel-Crafts alkylation and amination). ...The BET surface area and pore volume of the as-prepared resins took a positive correlation to the reaction time and temperature during alkylation reaction while lessened during amination process. When running batch adsorption experiments for adsorption of citric acid, the methylamine-modified resin named HM-65-2 showed higher adsorption capacity of 136.3 mg/g and selectivity of 6.98 (citric/glucose) than the precursor resins. The pseudo-second-order rate model fitted better than the pseudo-first-order model, implying the adsorption sites distributed on the resins surface tended to be heterogeneous. Subsequently, the interactions between citric acid and the resin were investigated by means of molecular simulation. Simulation result showed the addition of nitrogen-containing groups significantly enhanced the adsorption performance of citric acid. Lastly, the dynamic column experiments were performed to obtain the suitable operating conditions for the citric acid adsorption.
•Efficient one-step production of gluconic acid was achieved.•Adsorption capability of GOD and CAT was 24.18 and 14.33 mg·g−1, respectively.•Co-localized GOD&CAT sustained the activity more than 90% ...after repeated utilization.•The matching between dimensions of enzymes and hierarchical pore size of carriers are critical.
To achieve efficient one-step production of gluconic acid, cascade reactions of glucose oxidase (GOD) and catalase (CAT) have been advocated in the biocatalysis system. In this work, the methodology of co-immobilization of GOD and CAT was investigated in details for obtaining improved enzyme loading and activity. The maximum adsorption capability of GOD and CAT was 24.18 and 14.33 mg·g−1, respectively. The matching between dimensions of enzymes and hierarchical pore sizes of carriers are critical to the success of immobilization process. The simultaneous self-assembly on glutaraldehyde cross-linked mesoporous carriers exhibited favorable properties in comparison with sequential immobilization of GOD and CAT. The conversion of glucose under adequate air by co-localized GOD&CAT sustained the activity more than 90% after repeated utilization in the production of sodium gluconate and gluconic acid, suggesting that the co-immobilized GOD&CAT could be a promising catalyst for gluconate and gluconic acid production in some chemical and food industries.
Restoration of sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation (AF) by radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is associated with a transient stunning of left atrial (LA) function. However, the long-term effects ...of different ablation strategies on LA function remain undetermined. We performed randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of RFCA, cryoablation, and 3D mapping-guided cryoablation on LA function of proximal AF patients within 1 year. The 3D mapping-guided cryoablation was defined as a maximum of two cryoablation procedures for each pulmonary vein accompanied by RFCA for additional points until complete pulmonary vein isolation was achieved. Conventional and speckle tracking echocardiographic analyses were performed to evaluate LA function. Among the 210 patients (70 in each group) included, a trend of decreasing LA systolic and diastolic function was observed in all groups, as evidenced by decreases in peak A-wave velocity, the global LA peak systolic strain, the peak strain rate, the peak early diastolic strain rate, and the peak late diastolic strain rate within 7 days to 3 months after ablation followed by gradual recovery thereafter. However, the temporal changes in the above four strain parameters among the three groups did not differ significantly within 1 year after ablation (all p > 0.05). Parameters of the LA emptying fraction and LA dimensions were not significantly affected. These results suggested that stunning of LA function occurred within 7 days to 3 months after ablation, and different strategies of AF ablation did not differentially affect the temporal changes in LA function up to 1 year after ablation.
In the field of defect detection, image processing algorithms and feature extraction algorithms have some limitations, owing to their necessity for extracting a large number of different features of ...diverse products images. Meanwhile, the images of defective products are less and various. Aiming at these problems, we presented a One-Class classifier based on deep convolution neural network to detect the defect images in this paper. We design a loss function with the penalty term based on Euclidean distance to train the deep convolution neural network model. A hypersphere is used as classification decision surface after setting an appropriate hypersphere radius according to the inspection accuracy. It maps the non-defective products into a hypersphere in a high dimensional feature space, while the defect images are mapped somewhere far from the center of hypersphere. Thus, a One-Class classifier based on convolutional neural network(CNN) model is proposed to detect the defects. Experiments show that the proposed method, with less number of iteration, help build the classifier for image defect detection with high generalization ability and high detection precision.
Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is widely used to treat atrial fibrillation (AF), but its effect on left atrial (LA) remodeling in patients with AF is not completely clarified. Few studies ...have reported the changes in structure and function of the left atrium in patients with different types of AF after RFCA. To analyze the effect of RFCA on the LA structure and function in patients with nonvalvular paroxysmal AF, persistent AF and long-standing persistent AF (LSPAF). RFCA was performed in 180 patients with paroxysmal AF, persistent AF and LSPAF. The changes of LA structure and function in echocardiogram and speckle-tracking echocardiography findings were compared before the procedure, and at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks, and 2, 3, 6, and 9-12 months after the procedure. There were 60 patients in the paroxysmal AF group, 60 in the persistent AF group and 60 patients in LSPAF group. The pre-procedure LA diameter and volume were smaller in the paroxysmal AF group than persistent AF and LSPAF group. There was no significant change of in the LA structure and function in the paroxysmal AF group within 1 year. In the persistent AF and LSPAF groups, LA structure (anteroposterior diameter, LA volume) significantly decreased, but remained larger than that in paroxysmal AF group. In persistent and LSPAF, function (LA ejection fraction, strain, strain rate) increased significantly within 1 week, then gradually increased. RFCA improved the LA structure and function and resulted in heart reverse remodeling, especially for persistent AF and LSPAF.
Background: The goal of this study was to compare the procedural safety and long-term outcome associated with a combined catheter ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) procedure ...utilizing intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) guidance versus transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance. The study focuses on implementing LAmbre and Watchman devices in patients diagnosed with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: A total of 363 patients diagnosed with nonvalvular AF and who underwent a combined procedure were prospectively enrolled between November 2017 and May 2022. Following 1:1 propensity score matching, the TEE group (n = 132) and ICE group (n = 132) were systematically compared in terms of the combined procedure, imaging parameters, events related to the procedure, and subsequent outcomes during follow-up, including mortality, stroke, bleeding, device-related thrombus (DRT), and peri-device leaks (PDLs). Results: The ICE group exhibited a significant reduction in total procedural duration (153.71 ± 31.71 vs. 174.74 ± 18.79 min), fluoroscopy radiation dosage (207.24 ± 108.39 vs. 268.61 ± 122.88 mGy), left atrial appendage occlusion procedure time (34.69 ± 10.91 vs. 51.46 ± 15.84 min), and contrast agent exposure (108.71 ± 37.59 vs. 158.41 ± 45.00 mL) compared to the TEE group. Angiography and ICE demonstrated a substantial correlation between the left atrial appendage (LAA) orifice and landing zone/LAA ostium (Pearson’s correlation coefficient r = 0.808 and 0.536/0.697, two-tailed p < 0.001). No occurrences of device-related embolism, thromboembolism, significant bleeding, or unexpected fatalities were observed in either group. Comparable rates of all-cause death (0.76% vs. 0.76%), stroke or transient ischemic attack (2.27% vs. 1.52%), severe bleeding (1.52% vs. 0.76%), PDL (23.81% vs. 24.62%), and DRT (1.52% vs. 1.52%) were noted after an average follow-up of 18.46 ± 7.70 months in both groups, with no discernible differences. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified a correlation between LAA velocity and the risk of PDL. Conclusions: The effectiveness and safety of ICE-guided combined treatment were demonstrated to be comparable to TEE guidance, accompanied by the additional advantages of decreased procedure time and fluoroscopy radiation exposure. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04391504, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov.
Nylon 514 is one of the new long-chain bio-based nylon materials; its raw material, 1,5-pentanediamine (PDA), is prepared by biological techniques, using biomass as the raw material. The ...high-performance monomer of nylon 514, 1,5-pentanediamine-tetradecanedioate (PDA-TDA) salt, was obtained through efficient crystallization methods. Here, two crystal forms of PDA-TDA, anhydrous and dihydrate, were identified and studied in this paper. From the characterization data, their crystal structures and thermal behaviors were investigated. Lattice energy was calculated to gain further insight into the relationship between thermal stability and crystal structures. The contribution of hydrogen bonds and other intermolecular interactions to the crystal structure stability have been quantified according to detailed Hirshfeld and IRI analyses. Additionally, the transformation mechanism of the anhydrate and dihydrate was established through a series of well-designed stability experiments, in which the temperature and water activity play a significant role in the structural stability of crystalline forms. Eventually, we obtained nylon 514 products with good thermal stability and low absorption using stable dihydrate powders as monomers. The properties of nylon 514 products prepared by different polymerization methods were also compared.
A series of metallo‐deuteroporphyrins derived from hemin were prepared as models of the cytochrome P450 enzyme. With the aid of the highly active CoII deuteroporphyrin complex, the catalytic ...oxidation system was applied for the oxidation of several lignin model compounds, and high yields of monomeric products were obtained under mild reaction conditions. It was found that the modified cobalt deuteroporphyrin that has no substituents at the meso sites but does have the disulfide linkage in the propionate side chains at the β sites exhibited much higher activity and stability than the synthetic tetraphenylporphyrin. The changes in the propionate side chains can divert the reactivity of cobalt deuteroporphyrins from the typical CC bond cleavage to CO bond cleavage. Furthermore, this novel oxidative system can convert enzymolysis lignin into depolymerized products including a significant portion of well‐defined aromatic monomers.
Cobalt cleavage: Metallo‐deuteroporphyrins derived from natural hemin have been synthesized to mimic the cytochrome P450 enzyme for the oxidation of lignin model compounds under mild conditions. In the oxidative depolymerization of enzymolysis lignin, a significant portion of well‐defined aromatic monomers is produced (see scheme).
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