Direct white-light emission and further a dual-channel readable barcode module in both visible and NIR region was established by single-component homo-metallic Pr(iii)-MOF crystals for the first time.
In multi-criteria decision making (MCDM), it is difficult for decision-makers to give accurate evaluation values, and one-dimensional fuzzy set theory cannot capture periodic and seasonal ...information. The interval-valued complex fuzzy soft set (IV-CFSS) has these advantages in describing the information, which extends the evaluation value to the interval value, and extends the membership degree from the real number to the complex number, and it is not limited by the parameterization. MCDM methods can identify the best alternatives involving multiple criteria, and Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) method is one of the MCDM methods, which simplifies the traditional decision-making process. In the real world, multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) is more realistic than MCDM. The purpose of this manuscript is to propose new EDAS method for MCGDM in interval-valued complex fuzzy soft environment. In the current work, the aggregation operators for IV-CFSS have not been applied to the ranking of alternatives in MCGDM problems. For this proposed work, the interval-valued complex fuzzy soft weighted arithmetic averaging (IV-CFSWAA) operator and the interval-valued complex fuzzy soft weighted geometric averaging (IV-CFSWGA) operator are proposed. Then, the related properties of these operators are studied. Based on these two operators, the interval-valued complex fuzzy soft EDAS methods in MCGDM environment are proposed. Finally, an example of economic problem is provided to test the feasibility and applicability of the proposed methods.
•Approximately 8.6% sampled Chinese children have a blood lead level (BLL) > 50 µg/L.•Rural children are more vulnerable compared to urban children (29.2 vs 26.5 μg/dL).•Rural IQ points loss is four ...times that of urban areas (144 million vs. 36 million points).•Coal and biomass fuel combustion is contributing to BLLs, especially for rural areas.•The guideline of children’s BLLs should be strengthened.
Despite the global abundance of studies on children’s lead (Pb) exposure, the magnitude of Pb exposure among children across China remains unclear, especially for rural areas. In 2000, Pb was removed from petrol, marking a change in the sources of Pb exposure in China. To better understand children’s Pb exposure and inform potential approaches to exposure reduction, we conducted a national blood Pb survey of 31,373 children (0–84 months old) from May 2013 to March 2015, using a multi-stage and multi-strata sampling method. Blood lead levels (BLLs) were tested using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with a detection limit of 1 µg/L. The results show that Chinese children had a contemporary geometric mean (GM) BLL of 26.7 μg/L, with 8.6% of BLLs exceeding 50 µg/L. Boys had higher BLLs (GM 27.2 μg/L) compared to girls (GM: 25.9 μg/L) (p < 0.001). Children at the age of 0–36 months had a lower PbB (GM 25.7 μg/L) level compared with those aged 36–84 months (GM 27.9 μg/L) (p < 0.001). When taking into account sociodemographic factors, a multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that the odds ratios (OR) of having a BLL of 27 µg/dL (i.e., median BLL of this study) or higher were 1.88 (95% CI: 1.76, 2.02) and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.22, 1.49) for homes using coal and biomass fuels, respectively, compared to those using gas or electricity. Meanwhile, children in homes close to roads were more likely to have BLLs exceeding 27 µg/dL (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.20). In China, rural children had higher BLLs compared to urban children. As a result of pediatric exposure to Pb, there were approximately 144 million and 36 million IQ points lost for rural children and urban children, respectively, revealing a disparity of Pb exposure between rural and urban areas in China. Cleaner domestic fuels and improved cooking/heating equipment will reduce contemporary Pb exposure in rural areas. In addition, the association between contemporary BLLs and distance away from roads further suggests that resuspension of legacy soil/dust Pb should not be neglected in future remediation programs and household interventions. As a large scale survey, this study provides evidence for revising the reference value of BLL, improving the guideline for clinical and public health management, and implementing interventions to prevent adverse health outcomes associated with low-level Pb exposure in children.
Background： Menopausal symptoms and sleep difficulty were physiological processes that were affected by genetic and other factors. This study was to investigate the prevalence of menopausal symptoms ...and sleep quality in menopausal transition （MT） and postmenopause （PM） women in Taiyuan, Shanxi. Methods： A community-based survey of women＇s menopausal symptoms and sleep quality was conducted between July 2012 and May 2013 at six municipal districts of Taiyuan, Shanxi. A sample of 2429 women aged 40-59 years was divided into four groups： early MT, late MT, early PM, and late PM. Sleep quality in the past 2 weeks before the interview was recorded. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results： The prevalence of menopausal symptoms was 49.8%. Mild, moderate, and severe symptoms were observed in 28.9%, 18.5%, and 2.5% of participants, respectively. The highest prevalence of menopausal symptoms occurred in the early postmenopausal stage; the subsequences were the late postmenopausal stage and the early MT stage. Interestingly, among the 13 items of modified Kupperman index, the five most common symptoms were fatigue, arthralgia and myalgia, decreased libido, insomnia, and nervousness. Meanwhile, 55% perimenopausal women had poor sleep. Conclusions： Menopausal symptoms are common but mild among women in Taiyuan, Shanxi during MT and PM. In these stages, the prevalence of poor sleep is high.
Key message
The deletion mutated
rpoC2
leads to yellow stripes of
Clivia miniata
var.
variegata
by down regulating the transcription of 28 chloroplast genes and disturbing chloroplast biogenesis and ...thylakoid membrane development.
Clivia miniata
var.
variegata
(
Cmvv
) is a common mutant of
Clivia miniata
but its genetic basis is unclear. Here, we found that a 425 bp deletion mutation of chloroplast
rpoC2
underlies the yellow stripes (YSs) of
Cmvv
. Both RNA polymerase PEP and NEP coexist in seed-plant chloroplasts and the β″ subunit of PEP is encoded by
rpoC2
. The
rpoC2
mutation changed the discontinuous cleft domain required to form the PEP central cleft for DNA binding from 1103 to 59 aa. RNA-Seq revealed that 28 chloroplast genes (cpDEGs) were all down-regulated in YSs, of which, four involved in chloroplast protein translation and 21 of photosynthesis system (PS)I, PSII, cytochrome b
6
/f complex and ATP synthase are crucial for chloroplast biogenesis/development. The accuracy and reliability of RNA-Seq was verified by qRT-PCR. Moreover, the chlorophyll (Chl) a/b content, ratio of Chla/Chlb and photosynthetic rate (Pn) of YS decreased significantly. Meanwhile, chloroplasts of the YS mesophyll cells were smaller, irregular in shape, contain almost no thylakoid membrane, and even proplastid was found in YS. These findings indicate that the
rpoC2
mutation down-regulated expression of the 28 cpDEGs, which disturb chloroplast biogenesis and its thylakoid membrane development. Thus, there are not enough PSI and II components to bind Chl, so that the corresponding areas of the leaf are yellow and show a low Pn. In this study, the molecular mechanism of three phenotypes of F
1
(
Cmvv
♀ ×
C. miniata
♂) was revealed, which lays a foundation for the breeding of variegated plants.
The extent to which neurodevelopment is affected by prenatal lead exposure has not been conclusive. In addition, studies on the effects of sex on these relationships are inconsistent. The aim of this ...study was to investigate the impact of cord blood lead on neurodevelopment in children within sex subgroups. A total of 275 mother-child pairs from the Shanghai mother-child cohort were included. Umbilical cord blood lead was measured using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The Bayley Scales for Infant Development-III (BSID-III) was used to measure the neurodevelopment of infants at the age of 18 ± 1.5 months. The median and interquartile range of cord blood lead levels in the total participants, male, and female children were 44.0 (24.5) μg/L, 44.0 (24.3) μg/L, and 46.0 (24.0) μg/L, respectively. According to multiple linear regression, cord blood lead concentrations showed a negative association with fine motor scores in all models associated with female children (β = −1.5; 95%confidence interval: −2.6, −0.4). However, prenatal lead levels were not associated with any of the BSID-III scores in male children. In addition, cord serum DHA was found positively related to fine motor scores in male children. Our findings suggest that prenatal lead exposure could lead to decreased motor function, although this phenomenon was only observed in female children. And DHA may be a protective factor against lead exposure in boys. Thus, further studies are needed to investigate the associations between prenatal lead exposure and neurobehavioral development, as well as the mechanism of sex differences.
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•Cord blood lead levels were negatively associated with fine motor scores.•Sex difference existed in the relationship between neurodevelopment and cord blood lead levels.•Cord serum DHA appeared to be positively related to the fine motor scores of male children.
In this study, the transcriptional regulation of PI3KC3 by three transcription factors (PPARγ, PPARα, and STAT3) and the potential role of PI3KC3 in mediating lipid accumulation were determined in ...yellow catfish
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
. The 5’-deletion assay, overexpression assay, site-mutation assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay suggested that PPARα, PPARγ, and STAT3 negatively regulated the promoter activity of
pi3kc3
. Moreover, the transcriptional inactivation of
pi3kc3
was directly mediated by PPARα and PPARγ under fatty acid (FA) treatment. Using primary hepatocytes from yellow catfish, FA incubation significantly increased triacylglyceride (TG) content, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) content, and lipid drops (LDs) content, the mRNA level of
pparα
,
pparγ
,
stat3
, and
dnmt3b
, the protein level of PPARα, PPARγ, and STAT3, and the methylation level of
pi3kc3
, but significantly reduced the mRNA and protein level of PI3KC3. Our findings offer new insights into the mechanisms for transcriptional regulation of PI3KC3 and for PI3KC3-mediated lipid accumulation in fish.
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) cross-efficiency has been used to replace the self-evaluation system, which requires decision-makers to rank a series of decision-making units (DMUs) according to ...cross-efficiency scores, and finally determine the order of each DMU, so as to provide decision-making basis for decision-makers. However, this method has certain deficiencies: one is that the cross-efficiency value is not unique; the other one is that the cross-efficiency evaluation uses the same weight to aggregate cross-efficiency. In this paper, Technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and The Best Worst Method (BWM) methods are used to aggregate the aggressive cross-efficiency values and benevolent cross-efficiency values. Besides, the high consistency of the BWM method improves the shortcomings of the TOPSIS method. The result of TOPSIS method is not necessarily close to the ideal solution, and far away from the negative ideal solution. At the same time, the distance measured by the TOPSIS method replaces the preference of the BWM method, which makes BWM method more objective. Finally, a numerical example is given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.
Objectives. High dependency on pesticides could cause selection pressure leading to the development of resistance. This study was conducted to assess the resistance of the house fly, Musca domestica, ...to five insecticides, namely, permethrin, deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, propoxur, and dichlorvos, in Zhejiang Province. Methods. Field strains of house flies were collected from the 12 administrative districts in Zhejiang Province in 2011, 2014, and 2017, respectively. Topical application method was adopted for the bioassays. The probit analysis was used to determine the median lethal doses with the 95% confidence interval, and then the resistance ratio (RR) was calculated. The insecticides resistance in different years and the correlations of the resistance between different insecticides were also analyzed. Results. The resistance of field strains house flies to insecticides in Zhejiang Province was relatively common, especially for permethrin, deltamethrin, and beta-cypermethrin. The reversion of the resistance to dichlorvos was found, and most of the field strains in Zhejiang Province became sensitive to dichlorvos in 2017. Propoxur was much easier to cause very high level of resistance; the Hangzhou strain had the highest RR value more than 1000 in 2014, and five field strains had the RR value more than 100 in 2017. Compared to 2011 and 2014, the resistance of the house flies to propoxur and deltamethrin increased significantly in 2017. The resistance of permethrin, deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, and propoxur was significantly correlated with each other, and the resistance of dichlorvos was significantly correlated with beta-cypermethrin. Conclusions. Our results suggested that resistance was existed in permethrin, deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, and propoxur in the house flies of Zhejiang Province, while the resistance reversion to dichlorvos was found.
It is important to explore the regulatory mechanism of phosphorus homeostasis in fish, which help avoid the risk of P toxicity and prevent P pollution in aquatic environment. The present study ...obtained the full-length cDNA sequences and the promoters of three SLC20 members (
,
and
) from grass carp
, and explored their responses to inorganic phosphorus (Pi). Grass carp SLC20s proteins possessed conservative domains and amino acid sites relevant with phosphorus transport. The mRNAs of three
appeared in the nine tissues, but their expression levels were tissue-dependent. The binding sites of three transcription factors (SREBP1, NRF2 and VDR) were predicted on the
promoters. The mutation and EMSA analysis indicated that: (1) SREBP1 binding site (-783/-771 bp) negatively but VDR (-260/-253 bp) binding site positively regulated the activities of
promoter; (2) SREBP1 (-1187/-1178 bp), NRF2 (-572/-561 bp) and VDR(615/-609 bp) binding sites positively regulated the activities of
promoter; (3) SREBP1 (-987/-977 bp), NRF2 (-1469/-1459 bp) and VDR (-1124/-1117 bp) binding sites positively regulated the activities of the
promoter. Moreover, Pi incubation significantly reduced the activities of three
promoters, and Pi-induced transcriptional inactivation of
promoters abolished after the mutation of the VDR element but not SREBP1 and NRF2 elements. Pi incubation down-regulated the mRNA levels of three
. For the first time, our study elucidated the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of SLC20s and their responses to Pi, which offered new insights into the Pi homeostatic regulation and provided the basis for reducing phosphorus discharge into the waters.
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