Molecular lanthanide phosphonates Ln2(H3tpmm)2(H2O)6 ⋅ xH2O (Ln=Eu, EuP; Ln=Tb, TbP) were synthesized. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction confirmed that EuP has a sandwich‐like dinuclear structure, in ...which the Eu(III) center adopts a {EuO8} distorted dodecahedral geometry. XRPD patterns prove that TbP and EuP are isomorphous and isostructural. EuP and TbP are highly thermally stable approaching 450 °C and exhibit red‐ and green‐light emissions from the characteristic 4 f–4 f transition of the Eu3+ and Tb3+, respectively. Interestingly, luminescence modulation is achieved for the chemically mixed Eu/Tb phosphonate analogues, c‐EuxTb2–xP (x=1.5, 1, 0.5), and physically mixed Eu/Tb phosphonate materials, p‐yEuP : zTbP (y : z=3 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 3), with varying the excitation wavelength. Of particular note, near‐white‐light emission is also achieved for c‐EuTbP, p‐EuP : TbP, and p‐EuP : 3TbP when excited at 365 nm. Therefore, these dinuclear molecular lanthanide phosphonates emitting excitation wavelength and Eu3+ : Tb3+ ratio dependent luminescence might be potential candidates for color‐tunable luminescence materials and white‐light‐emitting materials. On the other hand, the bright green‐light emission makes TbP to be an excellent reusable luminescence sensor for selective detection of Fe3+ with Stern‐Volmer quenching constant (KSV) of 9.66×103 M−1 and detection limit (DL) of 0.42 μM through absorption competition caused luminescence quenching effect.
Color‐tunable luminescence materials: Homonuclear EuP and TbP as well as chemically and physically mixed Eu/Tb phosphonates exhibit color‐tunable luminescence even near white‐light emission, among which TbP is further used for Fe3+ detection.
The present study explores the individual and university supports of U.S. international students during their job searches. Twenty-eight international students (93% Asian, 7% African; 57% female) ...from a U.S. Midwest public university participated in one-on-one semi-structured interviews in Spring 2021 regarding their U.S. job search experiences. All 28 participants (64% graduate students) were within one year of their graduation date. A transcendental phenomenological approach was employed to conduct a thematic analysis. Lower-order themes that significantly contributed to international students’ successful job searches in the US were organized into individual and institutional-level supports and collated into six key themes: (a) early planning for post-graduation; (b) networking; (c) in-demand majors and degree levels; (d) university-industry connections; (e) personalized department support; and (f) campus career services. Based on these findings, several implications for career development research, theory, and practice are discussed.
Open government data has become an important movement for government administrations around the world. Nevertheless, government agencies tend not to open their datasets and can act reluctantly to ...embed the concept of data publication in their daily operations. Accordingly, this study examines the determinants that are argued to have influences on the government agencies' intention and behavior of open data publication. Relevant hypotheses are developed through literature review to form a preliminary research model, and respective influences of the determinants on the government agencies' intention and behavior to publish datasets are statistically tested. The empirical results show that the determinants account for 60.4% of the variance in agencies' intention and 54.2% of the variance in agencies' behavior. All the determinants are statistically significant except for perceived effort and perceived benefits. Specifically, facilitating conditions and organizational capability are the two factors having the strongest positive effect. Perceived usefulness, external influence, and organizational culture also have positive influences while perceived risks indeed incur a negative impact on the intention. On the contrary, perceived effort and perceived benefits are found to be insignificant. Lastly, intention is statistically significant and indeed acts as a strong antecedent to predict government agencies' activities of open data publication. Practical implications are also offered to practitioners. A designated government agency should act as the coordinator to help agencies obtain facilitations from others. Agencies' concern of data misuse should be mitigated, as it is found to be the major driver having a negative impact. The limitations and future research directions are also discussed. The findings and discussions of this study are expected to contribute to the current open data literature.
•The influential factors of open data publication are examined and discussed.•Facilitating condition and organizational capability are the two major drivers.•Perceived usefulness, external influence, and culture also have positive influences.•Perceived risks incur a negative impact while data misuse weighs the most.•Perceived effort and perceived benefits are not found to be significant in the study.
Here, we demonstrated that the multikinase framework including ERK/AKT and CDK2 promotes the proliferation and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines through activating DRP1. Our results further ...uncovered the prognostic significance of DRP1 in early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma, showing that the expression and activation of DRP1 are both significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative recurrence.
Recent studies revealed the role of dynamin‐related protein 1 (DRP1), encoded by the DNM1L gene, in regulating the growth of cancer cells of various origins. However, the regulation, function, and clinical significance of DRP1 remain undetermined in lung adenocarcinoma. Our study shows that the expression and activation of DRP1 are significantly correlated with proliferation and disease extent, as well as an increased risk of postoperative recurrence in stage I to stage IIIA lung adenocarcinoma. Loss of DRP1 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines leads to an altered mitochondrial morphology, fewer copies of mitochondrial DNA, decreased respiratory complexes, and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, the proliferation and invasion are both suppressed in DRP1‐depleted lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Our data further revealed that DRP1 activation through serine 616 phosphorylation is regulated by ERK/AKT and CDK2 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Collectively, we propose the multikinase framework in activating DRP1 in lung adenocarcinoma to promote the malignant properties. Biomarkers related to mitochondrial reprogramming, such as DRP1, can be used to evaluate the risk of postoperative recurrence in early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma.
The capacitance of carbon electrodes can be enhanced by tuning nanoscale roughness of the electrode surface, which facilitates separation between cations and anions within the electrical double ...layer. As the extent of ion separation depends on the ion correlation of bulk electrolytes, it is expected that the intrinsic electrical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) will also influence the double-layer structure and capacitance at nanostructured electrode interfaces. In this work, we use constant voltage molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the differential capacitance profiles for three different ionic liquids at model graphene electrode with subnanometer scale surface roughness. We focus on the ionic liquids composed of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIm+) cations and bistriflimide (TFSI–), triflate (OTf–), or tetrafluoroborate (BF4 –) anions. Surprisingly, we find that BMIm+TFSI– exhibits significantly enhanced differential capacitance at high positive potential compared to BMIm+BF4 – and BMIm+OTf– with smaller anions. We demonstrate that this unexpected capacitance trend is due to nonpolar interactions between trifluoromethyl groups of TFSI– anions that promote TFSI–/TFSI– pairing at the electrode interface. These anion pairs lead to significantly reduced BMIm+ density in the BMIm+TFSI– double layer compared to the other two ionic liquids. By contrast, no anion pairing occurs for BMIm+BF4 – and BMIm+OTf– at the same voltage regime, so nonpolar alkyl groups of BMIm+ cations still predominantly accumulate at the nanostructured electrode interface, resulting in only slight enhancement of capacitance due to the surface roughness effect. This physical insight is important for controlling IL interfacial structure to enhance the capacitance of nanostructured electrodes.
Chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure may cause skin damage, disrupt skin barrier function, and promote wrinkle formation. UV induces oxidative stress and inflammation, which results in extracellular ...matrix degradation in the dermis and epidermal hyperplasia. Our previous study demonstrated that fisetin exerts photoprotective activity by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase/activator protein-1/matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activation. In this study, fisetin was applied topically to investigate its antiphotodamage effects in hairless mice. The erythema index (a* values) and transepidermal water loss were evaluated to assess skin damage, and immunohistochemical staining was conducted to elucidate the photoprotective mechanism of fisetin. The results revealed that the topical application of fisetin reduced UVB-induced increase in the a* value and wrinkle formation. In addition, fisetin inhibited epidermal hyperplasia and increased the collagen content in the dermis. Fisetin exerted photoprotective activity by inhibiting the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, and cyclooxygenase-2 and increasing the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor. Furthermore, fisetin increased the expression of filaggrin to prevent UVB-induced barrier function disruption. Altogether, the present results provide evidence of the effects and mechanisms of fisetin's antiphotodamage and antiphotoinflammation activities.
A benzothiadiazole-functionalized luminescent Zn(II) coordination polymer (CP) {Zn2(bcpBTD)2(bpBTD)(H2O)2∙DMF}n (1, H2bcpBTD = bis(4-carboxyphenyl)benzothiadiazole, ...bpBTD = bis(pyridin-4-yl)benzothiadiazole, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) has been successfully constructed. Compound 1 has a two-dimensional (2D) 3-connected (6,3) herringbone net, which is interweaved by other six identical nets in a 7-fold 2D + 2D → 2D interweaved manner. XRPD patterns proved that 1 is highly stable in common solvents, including H2O, acetone, CH3CN, CH2Cl2, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), DMF, CH3OH, and toluene, and in pH 2–11 aqueous solutions for 5 days. Upon irradiation, 1 emitted green light fluorescence in solid-state and solvent-responsive bright fluorescence in suspension-phase varying from pale-blue light in toluene, CH3CN, CH2Cl2, and acetone to blue-cyan light in CH3OH, DMF and DMAc, and to green light in H2O. In addition, the emission intensity of 1 was greatly enhanced in pH 10 and 11 aqueous solutions but much weaker and less sensitive to other pH values (pH = 4–9, 12, and 13). Of particular note, the H2O suspension of 1 is capable of detection of ethylenediamine (en) through a remarkable fluorescence enhancement (turn-on) response, with excellent sensitivity as low as 0.87 μM (corresponding to 0.052 ppm). The discriminative en detection is properly interpreted by the cooperative effects of absorbance caused enhancement (ACE) and the amine basicity.
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•Compound 1 features 7-fold 2D + 2D → 2D interweaved (6,3) herringbone nets.•Compound 1 displays stability in various solvents and good acid-base resistance.•Compound 1 could sensitively detect ethylenediamine (en) with LOD of 0.87 μM.•The en sensing is due to the ACE mechanism associated with amine basicity.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by the deterioration of articular cartilage. The progression of OA leads to an increase in inflammatory mediators in the ...joints, thereby promoting the destruction of the cartilage matrix. Recent studies have reported on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of cardamonin, which also appears to interact with cellular targets, such as nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) during the progression of tumors. To date, few studies have investigated the effects of cardamonin on chondrocyte inflammation. In the current study, we determined that treating interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β-stimulated chondrocyte cells) with cardamonin significantly reduced the release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory proteins, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). Cardamonin was also shown to: (1) inhibit the activation and production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), (2) suppress the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, (3) suppress the expression of toll-like receptor proteins, (4) activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and (5) increase the levels of antioxidant proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). The increase in antioxidant proteins led to corresponding antioxidant effects (which were abolished by Nrf2 siRNA). Our findings identify cardamonin as a candidate Nrf2 activator for the treatment and prevention of OA related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
The mosquito-borne Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a profound global threat due to its high rate of contagion and the lack of vaccine or effective treatment. Suramin is a symmetric polyanionic ...naphthylurea that is widely used in the clinical treatment of parasite infections. Numerous studies have reported the broad antiviral activities of suramin; however, inhibition effects against CHIKV have not yet been demonstrated. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the antiviral effect of suramin on CHIKV infection and to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying inhibition using plaque reduction assay, RT-qPCR, western blot analysis, and plaque assay. Microneutralization assay was used to determine the EC50 of suramin in the CHIKV-S27 strain as well as in three other clinical strains (0611aTw, 0810bTw and 0706aTw). Time-of-addition was used to reveal the anti-CHIKV mechanism of suramin. We also evaluated anti-CHIKV activity with regard to viral entry, virus release, and cell-to-cell transmission. Cytopathic effect, viral RNA, viral protein, and the virus yield of CHIKV infection were shown to diminish in the presence of suramin in a dose-dependent manner. Suramin was also shown the inhibitory activities of the three clinical isolates. Suramin inhibited the early progression of CHIKV infection, due perhaps to interference with virus fusion and binding, which subsequently prevented viral entry. Results of a molecular docking simulation indicate that suramin may embed within the cavity of the E1/E2 heterodimer to interfere with their function. Suramin was also shown to reduce viral release and cell-to-cell transmission of CHIKV. In conclusion, Suramin shows considerable potential as a novel anti-CHIKV agent targeting viral entry, extracellular transmission, and cell-to-cell transmission.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This research aims to explore the relationships between gender, educational attainment, and job quality, including work autonomy, work intensity, and job satisfaction across Germany, Sweden, and the ...UK. The European Working Conditions Survey 2015 was used to achieve this research objective. Descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis were used to determine how educational level plays an important role in creating gender differences in job quality across three countries. The findings show that receiving postsecondary education can improve work autonomy for both German and Swedish women. However, postsecondary education has different impacts on gender gaps in job quality in these countries. While postsecondary education lowers the gender gap in work autonomy and intensity in Sweden, postsecondary education increases the gender gap in work autonomy and intensity in Germany. Postsecondary education does not significantly decrease gender differences in job satisfaction in Germany or Sweden or any of our job quality measures in the UK. These findings challenge the commonly held belief that higher education has a positive effect on job quality. In fact, gender norms and national institutional factors may also play important roles in this relationship.
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