A 3D highly conductive urchin-like NiCo₂S₄ nanostructure has been successfully prepared using a facile precursor transformation method. Remarkably, the NiCo₂S₄ electroactive material demonstrates ...superior electrochemical performance with ultrahigh high-rate capacitance, very high specific capacitance, and excellent cycling stability.
Self-standing NiCo2S4 nanotube arrays have been in situ grown on Ni foam by the anion-exchange reaction and directly used as the electrode for supercapacitors. The NiCo2S4 nanotube in the arrays ...effectively reduces the inactive material and increases the electroactive surface area because of the ultrathin wall, which is quite competent to achieve high utilization efficiency at high electroactive materials mass loading. The NiCo2S4 nanotube arrays hybrid electrode exhibits an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 14.39 F cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2 with excellent rate performance (67.7% retention for current increases 30 times) and cycling stability (92% retention after 5000 cycles) at a high mass loading of 6 mg cm−2. High areal capacitance (4.68 F cm−2 at 10 mA cm−2), high energy density (31.5 Wh kg−1 at 156.6 W kg−1) and high power density (2348.5 W kg−1 at 16.6 Wh kg−1) can be achieved by assembling asymmetric supercapacitor with reduced graphene oxide at a total active material mass loading as high as 49.5 mg. This work demonstrates that NiCo2S4 nanotube arrays structure is a superior electroactive material for high-performance supercapacitors even at a mass loading of potential application-specific scale.
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•NiCo2S4 nanotube arrays have been synthesized based on the anion-exchange reaction.•The specific structure achieves high utilization efficiency of NiCo2S4 at high mass loading.•Ultrahigh specific capacitance with superior rate performance has been achieved.•The asymmetric supercapacitor cell has been assembled.•The cell delivers superior capacitive performance at high mass loading.
We have developed a facile and scalable method to grow porous NiCo2O4 nanostructure. The conductivity is measured by a linear sweep voltammetry, which indicates that the conductivity of the NiCo2O4 ...sample is at least two orders of magnitude higher than those of NiO and Co3O4 samples. The conductive NiCo2O4 hybrid electrode delivers an enhanced specific capacitance of 658 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 compared to NiO and Co3O4. Excellent rate capability, 78% specific capacitance retention for a 20-time current density increase and 77% specific capacitance retention for a 50-time scan rate rise, is achieved. The NiCo2O4 sample demonstrates ultralong cycling lifespan, no observable degradation is found for the total cycle numbers as high as 10000 cycles. Furthermore, the excellent capacitive performance of porous NiCo2O4 electrode is also evaluated by a two-electrode asymmetric supercapacitor device. The asymmetric supercapacitor device delivers a 64% rate property for the current density increase 20 times. Remarkably, the asymmetric supercapacitor device also shows ultrahigh long-term stability, 93.5% of specific capacitance can still be retained after 10,000 cycles cycling. These excellent capacitive performances indicate the as-fabricated porous NiCo2O4 flowerlike nanostructure a promising electrode materials for supercapacitors.
The oral and maxillofacial regions have complex anatomical structures and different tissue types, which have vital health and aesthetic functions. Biodegradable metals (BMs) is a promising bioactive ...materials to treat oral and maxillofacial diseases. This review summarizes the research status and future research directions of BMs for oral and maxillofacial applications. Mg-based BMs and Zn-based BMs for bone fracture fixation systems, and guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes, are discussed in detail. Zn-based BMs with a moderate degradation rate and superior mechanical properties for GBR membranes show great potential for clinical translation. Fe-based BMs have a relatively low degradation rate and insoluble degradation products, which greatly limit their application and clinical translation. Furthermore, we proposed potential future research directions for BMs in the oral and maxillofacial regions, including 3D printed BM bone scaffolds, surface modification for BMs GBR membranes, and BMs containing hydrogels for cartilage regeneration, soft tissue regeneration, and nerve regeneration. Taken together, the progress made in the development of BMs in oral and maxillofacial regions has laid a foundation for further clinical translation.
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•The research status of biodegradable metals for oral and maxillofacial applications is systematically reviewed.•The future research directions of biodegradable metals or oral and maxillofacial applications are prospected. .•Zn-based GBR membranes show great potential for clinical translation.
Endowing implant surfaces with combined antibacterial and osteogenic properties by drug-loaded coatings has made great strides, but how to achieve the combined excellence of infection-triggered ...bactericidal and in vivo-proven osteogenic activities without causing bacterial resistance still remains a formidable challenge. Herein, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with osteogenic fragments were designed and complexed on the surface of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) through hydrogen bonding, and the collagen structure-bionic silk fibroin (SF) was applied to carry AgNPs@ AMPs to achieve infection-triggered antibacterial and osteointegration. As verified by TEM, AMPs contributed to the dispersion and size-regulation of AgNPs, with a particle size of about 20 nm, and a clear protein corona structure was observed on the particle surface. The release curve of silver ion displayed that the SF-based coating owned sensitive pH-responsive properties. In the antibacterial test against S.aureus for up to 21 days, the antibacterial rate had always remained above 99%. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanism was revealed, originating from the destruction of the bacterial cell membranes and ROS generation. The SF-based coating was conducive to the adhesion, diffusion, and proliferation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) on the surface, and promoted the expression of osteogenic genes and collagen secretion. The in vivo implantation results showed that compared with the untreated Ti implants, SF-based coating enhanced osseointegration at week 4 and 8. Overall, the AgNPs@AMPs-loaded SF-based coating presented the ability to synergistically inhibit bacteria and promote osseointegration, possessing tremendous potential application prospects in bone defects and related-infection treatments.
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•AMPs and AgNPs were complexed through hydrogen bonds to form a protein crowns structure.•Silk fibroin matrix was able to maintain the activity of AMPs over 21 d and endow with the infection-trigger release.•The functional coating achieved synergistic antibacterial properties by damaging membrane structure and generating ROS.•The coating displayed acceptable osteogenic properties in vitro and observably promoted osteointegration in vivo.
Recently, zinc and its alloys have been proposed as promising candidates for biodegradable metals (BMs), owning to their preferable corrosion behavior and acceptable biocompatibility in ...cardiovascular, bone and gastrointestinal environments, together with Mg-based and Fe-based BMs. However, there is the desire for surface treatment for Zn-based BMs to better control their biodegradation behavior. Firstly, the implantation of some Zn-based BMs in cardiovascular environment exhibited intimal activation with mild inflammation. Secondly, for orthopedic applications, the biodegradation rates of Zn-based BMs are relatively slow, resulting in a long-term retention after fulfilling their mission. Meanwhile, excessive Zn2+ release during degradation will cause in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo delayed osseointegration. In this review, we firstly summarized the current surface modification methods of Zn-based alloys for the industrial applications. Then we comprehensively summarized the recent progress of biomedical bulk Zn-based BMs as well as the corresponding surface modification strategies. Last but not least, the future perspectives towards the design of surface bio-functionalized coatings on Zn-based BMs for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications were also briefly proposed.
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•The current surface modification methods of Zn-based alloys for industrial applications.•The recent progress of Zn-based biodegradable metals and the corresponding surface modification strategies.•Future perspectives on the surface design of Zn-based biodegradable metals for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications.
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•Near-infrared light-assisted photothermal therapy and polymer scaffolds can synergistically enhance bone regeneration.•Polymer scaffolds are used as the delivery vehicles for ...photothermal agents and tissue supports in bone tissue engineering.•Polymer scaffolds could be made into various forms, such as coatings, 3D scaffolds, membranes and injectable hydrogels.•The hyperthermia has a good effect on bone defect repair, anti-tumour, antibacteria and osseointegration of implants.•Combined with photothermal therapy, the polymers obtain a higher spatiotemporal precision in promoting bone regeneration.
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has become a promising method for treating bone defects in recent decades. Polymers are effective materials currently used in the field of BTE due to their diverse characteristics and easy processing performance, which are categorised into natural polymers and synthetic polymers. Photothermal effects produced by near-infrared (NIR) light constitute an effective way to promote osteogenesis, with the advantages of being non-invasive and having high spatial and temporal precision. The main objective of this systematic review was to reveal the current applications of NIR light-assisted photothermal therapy (PTT) with polymer scaffolds as the delivery vehicles for photothermal agents and tissue supports in BTE. The databases collection was completed on October 1, 2021, and a total of 21 relevant studies were finally included. According to the retrieved literatures, we outlined that polymers could be made into various forms, such as coatings, three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds, membranes and injectable hydrogels, etc., and that the hyperthermia generated by PTT has a good effect on osteogenesis, as well as anti-tumour, antibacterial and osseointegration around the implants. These findings have revealed that the joint application of BTE polymer scaffolds and NIR light-assisted PTT play a positive role in bone regeneration.
Zn is promising candidate material for biodegradable implants due to its acceptable biocompatibility and moderate degradation rate. However, the strength of pure Zn metal is regarded not enough. In ...this work, Zn-xWE43 porous scaffolds were fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) with different mass ratios of WE43: 2%, 5% and 8%. WE43 is a biodegradable Mg alloy with addition of Y and rare earth elements, and has been clinically verified. The formation quality, microstructure and mechanical properties were analyzed. L-PBF samples with high densification were achieved. Rapid cooling rate and the addition of WE43 together resulted to grain refinement. With increasing content of WE43, more Zn + Mg2Zn11 eutectics were precipitated, which increased tensile strength but decreased elongation. The formation of brittle MgZn2 deteriorated strength in Zn-8WE43. Zn-5WE43 showed the highest tensile strength of 335.4 MPa, but the elongation was only 1%. The compressive strength and Young's modulus of Zn-5WE43 porous scaffolds was 73.2 MPa and 2480 MPa, while 22.9 MPa and 950 MPa for pure Zn porous scaffolds respectively. The present results addressed the key technical issues and pointed out the future directions on additive manufacturing of Zn alloy porous scaffolds for biodegradable application.
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•Novel Zn alloy porous scaffolds were fabricated by AM, which showed promising prospects for biodegradable applications.•The formation quality, microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated.•Additive manufacturing of ZnMg alloy based powders showed promising prospects for biodegradable applications.
Additive manufacturing has received attention for the fabrication of medical implants that have customized and complicated structures. Biodegradable Zn metals are revolutionary materials for ...orthopedic implants. In this study, pure Zn porous scaffolds with diamond structures were fabricated using customized laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology. First, the mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, and biocompatibility of the pure Zn porous scaffolds were characterized in vitro. The scaffolds were then implanted into the rabbit femur critical-size bone defect model for 24 weeks. The results showed that the pure Zn porous scaffolds had compressive strength and rigidity comparable to those of cancellous bone, as well as relatively suitable degradation rates for bone regeneration. A benign host response was observed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys. Moreover, the pure Zn porous scaffold showed good biocompatibility and osteogenic promotion ability in vivo. This study showed that pure Zn porous scaffolds with customized structures fabricated using L-PBF represent a promising biodegradable solution for treating large bone defects.
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•L-PBF used to fabricate pure Zn porous scaffolds for bone implants.•Degradation rates and mechanical strength suitable for bone implants.•Pure Zn porous scaffolds showed good in vitro cytocompatibility with MC3T3-E1 cells.•Pure Zn porous scaffolds have potential for large bone defect applications with osteogenic ability.
Turbot Scophthalmus maximus is an economically important species extensively aquacultured in China. The genetic selection program is necessary and urgent for the sustainable development of this ...industry, requiring more and more genome background knowledge. Transcriptome sequencing is an excellent alternative way to identify transcripts involved in specific biological processes and exploit a considerable quantity of molecular makers when no genome sequences are available. In this study, a comprehensive transcript dataset for major tissues of S. maximus was produced on basis of an Illumina platform.
Total RNA was isolated from liver, spleen, kidney, cerebrum, gonad (testis and ovary) and muscle. Equal quantities of RNA from each type of tissues were pooled to construct two cDNA libraries (male and female). Using the Illumina paired-end sequencing technology, nearly 44.22 million clean reads in length of 100 bp were generated and then assembled into 106,643 contigs, of which 71,107 were named unigenes with an average length of 892 bp after the elimination of redundancies. Of these, 24,052 unigenes (33.83% of the total) were successfully annotated. GO, KEGG pathway mapping and COG analysis were performed to predict potential genes and their functions. Based on our sequence analysis and published documents, many candidate genes with fundamental roles in sex determination and gonad differentiation (dmrt1), growth (ghrh, myf5, prl/prlr) and immune response (TLR1/TLR21/TLR22, IL-15/IL-34), were identified for the first time in this species. In addition, a large number of credible genetic markers, including 21,192 SSRs and 8,642 SNPs, were identified in the present dataset.
This informative transcriptome provides valuable new data to increase genomic resources of Scophthalmus maximus. The future studies of corresponding gene functions will be very useful for the management of reproduction, growth and disease control in turbot aquaculture breeding programs. The molecular markers identified in this database will aid in genetic linkage analyses, mapping of quantitative trait loci, and acceleration of marker assisted selection programs.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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