Fermented chopped pepper is a widely used ingredient in traditional Chinese cuisine. To improve the quality and solve safety problems during production, it is essential to fully understand the ...bacterial diversity present during the fermentation process. In this study, the dynamics and diversity of the bacterial community present during the fermentation of chopped pepper were analysed by high‐throughput sequencing. There was a higher level of bacterial diversity at the beginning of fermentation, and Proteobacteria were found to be the dominant group at this stage. However, after 3 days, Proteobacteria decreased in abundance and Firmicutes became the dominant group present in the samples. Interestingly, the relative abundance of Weissella increased during the first 3 days of fermentation and then gradually decreased over the rest of the fermentation process, suggesting that Weissella may play an important role during the initial stage of fermentation. Lactobacillus was found to constitute the majority of bacteria during the fermentation period. This study demonstrates that high‐throughput sequencing is a useful tool to evaluate bacterial diversity and monitor microbial quality in fermented chopped pepper. The results obtained in this study advance the current understanding of the bacterial communities present in chopped pepper and provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of chopped pepper fermentation.
Significance and Impact of the Study
Fermented chopped pepper is an important ingredient in traditional Chinese foods. As of yet, the bacterial community dynamics that take place during the fermentation of chopped pepper have not been described. In this study, we used high‐throughput sequencing to investigate the bacterial community, deepening our understanding of the microbial mechanisms underlying the fermentation of traditional chopped pepper.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Fermented chopped pepper is an important ingredient in traditional Chinese foods. As of yet, the bacterial community dynamics that take place during the fermentation of chopped pepper have not been described. In this study, we used high‐throughput sequencing to investigate the bacterial community, deepening our understanding of the microbial mechanisms underlying the fermentation of traditional chopped pepper.
Search for the decay η′→γγη Ablikim, M
Physical review. D,
09/2019, Letnik:
100, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Using a data sample of 1.31×109 J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, a search for η′→γγη via J/ψ→γη′ is performed for the first time. No significant η′ signal is observed in the γγη ...invariant mass spectrum, and the branching fraction of η′→γγη is determined to be less than 1.33×10−4 at the 90% confidence level.
A partial-wave analysis of the decay J/ψ→K+K−π0 has been made using (223.7±1.4)×106 J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector in 2009. The analysis, which is performed within the isobar-model ...approach, reveals contributions from K2*(1430)±, K2*(1980)± and K4*(2045)± decaying to K±π0. The two latter states are observed in J/ψ decays for the first time. Two resonance signals decaying to K+K− are also observed. These contributions cannot be reliably identified and their possible interpretations are discussed. The measured branching fraction B(J/ψ→K+K−π0) of (2.88±0.01±0.12)×10−3 is more precise than previous results. Branching fractions for the reported contributions are presented as well. The results of the partial-wave analysis differ significantly from those previously obtained by BESII and BABAR.
Summary
Background Heavy ions represent the best tool for external radiotherapy (RT) of inoperable tumours. Heavy ion RT has been used in the treatment of various tumours, especially for ...radioresistant tumours mediated by hypoxia, localized near organs at risk. Most of these treatments are concentrated in deep‐seated tumours such as those of the brain, head, lung, liver, rectum and urogenital organs, and treatment of skin carcinomas is limited.
Objectives To evaluate the outcome and toxicity after carbon ion RT for skin carcinomas at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou, China.
Methods Between November 2006 and March 2009, 45 patients with skin carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n = 16), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (n = 12), malignant melanoma (MM) (n = 7), Bowen disease (n = 8) and Paget disease (n = 2) were treated with carbon ion RT within a clinical Phase I trial. Patients received total doses of 60–70 GyE for SCC and BCC, 61–75 GyE for MM, 60 GyE for Bowen disease and 42·5 GyE for Paget disease, administered in 6–11 fractions over 6–11 days, with a fraction dose of 7–10 GyE.
Results The mean follow‐up was 24 months, range 12–36 months. The actuarial local control rates at 1 and 3 years were 90·9% and 65·5% for SCC, 91·7% and 80·2% for BCC, 85·7% and 42·9% for MM, 90% and 90% for Bowen and Paget diseases, respectively. The actuarial 1‐ and 3‐year overall survival rates for 45 patients were 88·9% and 86%, respectively. No severe side‐effects greater than Common Toxicity Criteria grade 3 have been observed.
Conclusions The results demonstrated that heavy ion RT offers high local tumour control and progression‐free survival rates without significant radiation‐induced toxicity for patients with skin carcinomas.
•Nd70Zn30 alloy is a low-cost diffusion source without heavy rare earth.•The coercivity and temperature stability are improved by using Nd70Zn30 alloy with low melting point.•The Zn element that does ...not enter the main phase can optimize the composition and structure of grain boundary phase.
The limitation of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets is their unavoidable demagnetization at elevated temperatures. In this work, we explore the effect of Nd70Zn30 doping and the subsequent grain boundary diffusion process on the coercivity and thermal stability of nanocrystalline melt-spun Nd13.44Fe81.12B5.44 alloy. The coercivity of 11.26 kOe (∼54.5 %) was achieved with the optimized conditions of 5 wt% Nd70Zn30 doping and subsequent diffusion, while the thermal stability was also improved without significant deterioration of the remanence. A detailed investigation reveals that the enhancement of coercivity and thermal stability of nanograins originates from the suppression of exchange interaction among grains due to grain boundary phase evolution. The current findings exhibit the potential of their use as nanocrystalline permanent magnets to improve the coercivity and thermal stability of Nd-Zn low melting point alloy.
Background
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common skin disorder in infancy. However, the diagnosis and definite significance of infantile AD remains a debated issue.
Objective
To analyse the ...phenotypes of AD in infancy, to establish diagnostic criteria and to estimate the prevalence of this condition in China.
Methods
This is a multicentric study, in which 12 locations were chosen from different metropolitan areas of China. Following careful and complete history‐taking and skin examination, the definite diagnosis of AD was made and the severity based on the SCORAD index was determined by local experienced dermatologists. Based on the detailed phenotyping, the major and representative clinical features of infantile AD were selected to establish the diagnostic criteria and evaluate their diagnostic efficacy.
Results
A total of 5967 infants were included in this study. The overall point prevalence of AD was 30.48%. The infantile AD developed as early as at the second month of life, and its incidence peaked in the third month of life at 40.81%. The proportion of mild, moderate and severe AD was 67.40%, 30.57% and 2.03%, respectively. The most commonly seen manifestations in the infantile AD were facial dermatitis (72.07%), xerosis (42.72%) and scalp dermatitis (27.93%). We established the novel diagnostic criteria of infants, which included: (i) onset after 2 weeks of birth; (ii) pruritus and/or irritability and sleeplessness comparable with lesions; and (iii) all two items above with one of the following items can reach a diagnosis of AD: (i) eczematous lesions distributed on cheeks and/or scalp and/or extensor limbs, and (ii) eczematous lesions on any other parts of body accompanied by xerosis.
Conclusions
In China, the prevalence of AD in infancy is 30.48% according to clinical diagnosis of dermatologists. The novel Chinese diagnostic criteria for AD in infants show a higher sensitivity and comparable specificity.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were adenovirally engineered to secrete interleukin-12 (AdIL-12-MSCs) and evaluated for their anticarcinogenesis efficacy against three kinds of unestablished tumor ...models including B16 melanoma, LLC Lewis lung cancer and HCC hepatoma. Injection of AdIL-12-MSCs into protected mice before tumor inoculation prevented all of 12 mice in B16 preventive groups, 10 out of 12 in LLC lung cancer model and 11 out of 12 mice in HCC hepatoma model from developing tumors, whereas the control groups pre-receiving PBS were validated for 100% carcinogenesis; the tumor formation rates in free-AdIL-12 and vacant MSC groups were unveiled between ∼83 and 100% even with plentiful angiogenesis and newborn lymphatic vessels, as well as distant metastases. As a novel approach, AdIL-12-MSC has revealed expected preventive effects on carcinogenesis (P < 0.01) with low-toxic, broad-spectrum and long-range superiorities. In conclusion, our data indicate that AdIL-12-MSC possess the potential for tropism to preclinical tumor lesions and deprives surviving or hibernating tumor cells, which have escaped from conventional treatments, of revival and recurrence.
For the wrought Mg alloys, the strong texture may greatly affect their fracture behavior and mechanical property. In the present study, a single plate of extruded AZ31 alloy was subjected to friction ...stir welding at different tilt angles relative to the extrusion direction, with the aim to investigate the evolution of local texture in the weld as well as its effect on the mechanical behavior of the joint. The results showed that the formation of specific-textured nugget zone and prevalent twinning activated at low strain brought about the reduction of yield anisotropy in the tensile test. Relatively higher elongation of the joints was achieved with the welding direction aligned at 45° to the extrusion direction. The fracture locations were observed to occur in different regions and shift with the variation of the welding direction, which was mainly attributed to the strain localization induced by incompatible deformation of different sub-regions. EBSD analyses indicated that the microstructure and texture evolution in both the nugget zone and the thermo-mechanically affected zone played a vital role in the inconsistent deformation behavior.
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•Effect of FSW directions on mechanical behavior of extruded AZ31 was investigated.•Obviously improved elongation of joint was obtained at 45° to extrusion direction.•Fracture location of joints shifted due to incompatible deformation of sub-regions.•Microstructure in TMAZ underwent extension twinning and dynamic recrystallization.
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