Dehydrins (DHN) belong to the late embryogenesis abundant II family and have been found to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stress. In the present study, we reported four DHNs in
(LkDHN) which were ...identified from the published transcriptome. Alignment analysis showed that these four LkDHNs shared close relationships and belonged to SK
-type DHNs. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that these four LkDHNs all possess sequence-independent binding capacity for double-strands DNAs. The subcellular localizations of the four LkDHNs were in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, indicating that these LkDHNs enter the nucleus to exert the ability to bind DNA. The preparation of tobacco protoplasts with different concentrations of mannitol showed that LkDHNs enhanced the tolerance of plant cells under osmotic stress. The overexpression of LkDHNs in yeasts enhanced their tolerance to osmotic stress and helped the yeasts to survive severe stress. In addition, LkDHNs in the nucleus of salt treated tobacco increased. All of these results indicated that the four LkDHNs help plants survive from heavy stress by participating in DNA protection. These four LKDHNs played similar roles in the response to osmotic stress and assisted in the adaptation of
.
to the arid and cold winter of northern China.
Although 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D is a risk factor for osteoporosis, it is not clear whether sex hormones mediate this casual association. We aimed to explore how sex hormones affect the ...association between 25(OH)D and osteoporosis to provide meaningful insights on the underlying mechanisms from a genetic perspective.
Genetic variations in 25(OH)D, total testosterone (TT), androstenedione (A4), estradiol (E2), and testosterone/17β-estradiol (T/E2) were determined through summary statistics. Taking osteoporosis as the outcome (FinnGen biobank, 332,020 samples), we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to establish the association between 25(OH)D and these sex hormones. The two-step MR analysis quantified the mediatory effects of sex hormones on osteoporosis. The results were further verified by pleiotropy and heterogeneity analyses.
MR results showed that 25(OH)D (OR= 1.27,
= 0.04) and TT (OR= 1.25,
= 0.04) had a causal effect on osteoporosis. No significant associations were observed between the other sex hormones (A4, E2, and T/E2) and osteoporosis (
>0.05). Sensitivity analysis (
>0.05) confirmed the robustness of the MR results. The two-step MR analysis provided evidence that the mediatory effect of TT was 0.014 (the percentage of TT mediation was 5.91%). Moreover, the direct effect of 25(OH)D on osteoporosis was 0.221. A4, E2, and T/E2 were not considered as potential mediators of the role of 25(OH)D as a risk factor for OP.
This study, through MR analysis, showed that TT mediates the causal effect of 25(OH)D on osteoporosis. Interventions targeting TT, therefore, have the potential to substantially reduce the burden of osteoporosis attributable to high 25(OH)D.
This book examines the problem of transparency in the news media in China through analysis of the political and market control jointly imposed by the party-state and the media. It argues that the gap ...between rhetoric and reality reveals the disjuncture of the party-state and the media from their political representation.
Efficient asexual reproduction techniques are crucial for the expansion of larch; however, the process of adventitious roots (ARs) regeneration has hindered its development. Through comprehensive ...root development proteomics and transcriptomics analysis, we have identified key epigenetic modifying enzymes involved in the organogenesis of
Larix kaempferi
. Subsequently, we cloned the enhancer of zeste homolog CURLY LEAF (CLF) from
L. kaempferi
and performed molecular modeling. The molecular docking results between LkCLF and the histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) inhibitor GSK126 revealed the affinity value is –9 kcal/mol, indicating strong binding interaction between the two. Adding inhibitor GSK126 to the ARs induction medium, morphologically clear primordia appeared between 20 and 25 days after cutting, which was 7–10 d earlier than in the control group, accompanied by an 18.17% increase in rooting rate. Besides, western blot analysis demonstrated the effective inhibition of H3K27me3 levels in stem bases treated with GSK126. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results showed a significantly elevated expression of
BABY BOOM2
compared with 0 μM GSK126 or dimethyl sulfoxide treated groups. Our findings suggest that treating stem bases with 0.01 μM GSK126 during early-stage AR regeneration expedites the developmental process and enhances the rooting rate. This study lays the foundation for a deeper understanding of the roles by H3K27me3 and polycomb repressive complex 2 in the AR regeneration of larch cuttings.
Key message
The inhibitor GSK126 effectively reduces H3K27me3 levels and enhances the expression of
LkBBM2
, thereby expediting the AR regeneration process and improving rooting rate in
Larix. kaempferi.
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