In this paper, we study the implications of the modular A4 flavor symmetry in constructing a supersymmetric minimal type-(I+II) seesaw model, in which only one right-handed neutrino and two Higgs ...triplets are introduced to account for the tiny neutrino masses, flavor mixing and CP violation. We consider the most economical case where the right-handed neutrino and the Higgs triplets in this model are assigned into the trivial one-dimensional irreducible representation of the modular group A4, and all the modular forms are with the lowest weights they can take. We find that the octant of the mixing angle θ23 strongly depends on the hierarchy of free model parameters in the charged-lepton sector. We also show that the neutrino mass matrix can possess an approximate μ−τ reflection symmetry for some specific values of free parameters. Moreover, our model predicts relatively large masses of three light neutrinos, thus can be easily tested in future neutrino experiments.
In this paper, we investigate lepton mass spectra, flavor mixing and CP violation with a modular S4 symmetry under the assumption that neutrinos are Dirac fermions. We find that the Majorana mass ...term can be forbidden by adjusting the weight of the right-handed neutrino superfields. We study the scenarios where modular forms in the neutrino sector take the lowest non-trivial weight two, while those in the charged-lepton sector vary from two to six. The corrections from renormalization-group running effects to our model have also been discussed in detail. We totally obtain twelve different classes of models and find that ten of them can accommodate current neutrino oscillation data.
Long nanopore reads are advantageous in de novo genome assembly. However, nanopore reads usually have broad error distribution and high-error-rate subsequences. Existing error correction tools cannot ...correct nanopore reads efficiently and effectively. Most methods trim high-error-rate subsequences during error correction, which reduces both the length of the reads and contiguity of the final assembly. Here, we develop an error correction, and de novo assembly tool designed to overcome complex errors in nanopore reads. We propose an adaptive read selection and two-step progressive method to quickly correct nanopore reads to high accuracy. We introduce a two-stage assembler to utilize the full length of nanopore reads. Our tool achieves superior performance in both error correction and de novo assembling nanopore reads. It requires only 8122 hours to assemble a 35X coverage human genome and achieves a 2.47-fold improvement in NG50. Furthermore, our assembly of the human WERI cell line shows an NG50 of 22 Mbp. The high-quality assembly of nanopore reads can significantly reduce false positives in structure variation detection.
A new type of quad-band terahertz metamaterial absorber based on a common sandwich structure is investigated. In sharp contrast to the most previous studies focused on only combining of fundamental ...resonance (or LC resonance) of the metamaterial structure to obtain the quad-band response, we directly enable near-unity absorption in four distinct peaks by utilizing the dipole and quadrupole resonances of the patterns. The design also has the ability to tune the frequencies of the absorption peaks by merely changing the angle of polarization. The proposed platform has potential application perspectives in imaging, sensing, and detection.
Metamaterial absorbers have been widely studied and continuously concerned owing to their excellent resonance features of ultra‐thin thickness, light‐weight, and high absorbance. Their applications, ...however, are typically restricted by the intrinsic dispersion of materials and strong resonant features of patterned arrays (mainly referring to narrow absorption bandwidth). It is, therefore essential to reassert the principles of building broadband metamaterial absorbers (BMAs). Herein, the research progress of BMAs from principles, design strategies, tunable properties to functional applications are comprehensively and deeply summarized. Physical principles behind broadband absorption are briefly discussed, typical design strategies in realizing broadband absorption are further emphasized, such as top‐down lithography, bottom‐up self‐assembly, and emerging 3D printing technology. Diversified active components choices, including optical response, temperature response, electrical response, magnetic response, mechanical response, and multi‐parameter responses, are reviewed in achieving dynamically tuned broadband absorption. Following this, the achievements of various interdisciplinary applications for BMAs in energy‐harvesting, photodetectors, radar‐IR dual stealth, bolometers, noise absorbing, imaging, and fabric wearable are summarized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for future development of BMAs are discussed.
This review comprehensively and deeply summarizes the latest research progress of broadband metamaterial absorbers, and focusing on four main core aspects: (I) formation mechanisms and physical principles of broadband absorption, (II) design strategies of broadband absorption, (III) main means of active or dynamic modulation of broadband absorption, and (IV) various interdisciplinary functional applications of broadband metamaterial absorbers.
A
bstract
We present an economical model where an
S
1
leptoquark and an anomaly-free U(1)
X
gauge symmetry with
X
=
B
3
−
2
L
μ
/
3
− L
τ
/
3 are introduced, to account for the muon anomalous ...magnetic moment
a
μ
≡
(
g
μ
−
2) and flavor puzzles including
R
K
∗
and
R
D
∗
anomalies together with quark and lepton flavor mixing. The
Z
′ gauge boson associated with the U(1)
X
symmetry is responsible for the
R
K
∗
anomaly. Meanwhile, the specific flavor mixing patterns of quarks and leptons can be generated after the spontaneous breakdown of the U(1)
X
gauge symmetry via the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism. The
S
1
leptoquark which is also charged under the U(1)
X
gauge symmetry can simultaneously explain the latest muon (
g
− 2) result and the
R
D
∗
anomaly. In addition, we also discuss several other experimental constraints on our model.
The aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway facilitates cancer stem cell renewal, cell proliferation and differentiation, thus exerting crucial roles in tumorigenesis and therapy response. ...Accumulated investigations highlight the therapeutic potential of agents targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer. Wnt ligand/ receptor interface, β-catenin destruction complex and TCF/β-catenin transcription complex are key components of the cascade and have been targeted with interventions in preclinical and clinical evaluations. This scoping review aims at outlining the latest progress on the current approaches and perspectives of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway targeted therapy in various cancer types. Better understanding of the updates on the inhibitors, antagonists and activators of Wnt/β-catenin pathway rationalizes innovative strategies for personalized cancer treatment. Further investigations are warranted to confirm precise and secure targeted agents and achieve optimal use with clinical benefits in malignant diseases.
Jet quenching has been used successfully as a hard probe to study properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at both the relativistic heavy-ion collider and the ...large hadron collider. We will review recent progresses in theoretical and phenomenological studies of jet quenching with jet transport models. Special emphasis is given to effects of jet-induced medium response on a wide variety of experimental observables and their implications on extracting transport properties of the QGP in heavy-ion collisions.
Li‐CO2 batteries are promising energy storage systems by utilizing CO2 at the same time, though there are still some critical barriers before its practical applications such as high charging ...overpotential and poor cycling stability. In this work, iridium/carbon nanofibers (Ir/CNFs) are prepared via electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment, and are used as cathode catalysts for rechargeable Li‐CO2 batteries. Benefitting from the unique porous network structure and the high activity of ultrasmall Ir nanoparticles, Ir/CNFs exhibit excellent CO2 reduction and evolution activities. The Li‐CO2 batteries present extremely large discharge capacity, high coulombic efficiency, and long cycling life. Moreover, free‐standing Ir/CNF films are used directly as air cathodes to assemble Li‐CO2 batteries, which show high energy density and ultralong operation time, demonstrating great potential for practical applications.
Rechargeable Li‐CO2 batteries are an admirable strategy which can utilize the greenhouse gas‐CO2 for energy storage. Benefiting from combination of the unique structure of carbon nanofiber networks and the high catalytic activity of Ir nanoparticles in free‐standing air cathodes, Li‐CO2 batteries show excellent electrochemical performances and promising practical applications.
Mobile-edge computing (MEC) and wireless power transfer (WPT) have been recognized as promising techniques in the Internet of Things era to provide massive low-power wireless devices with enhanced ...computation capability and sustainable energy supply. In this paper, we propose a unified MEC-WPT design by considering a wireless powered multiuser MEC system, where a multiantenna access point (AP) (integrated with an MEC server) broadcasts wireless power to charge multiple users and each user node relies on the harvested energy to execute computation tasks. With MEC, these users can execute their respective tasks locally by themselves or offload all or part of them to the AP based on a time-division multiple access protocol. Building on the proposed model, we develop an innovative framework to improve the MEC performance, by jointly optimizing the energy transmit beamforming at the AP, the central processing unit frequencies and the numbers of offloaded bits at the users, as well as the time allocation among users. Under this framework, we address a practical scenario where latency-limited computation is required. In this case, we develop an optimal resource allocation scheme that minimizes the AP's total energy consumption subject to the users' individual computation latency constraints. Leveraging the state-of-the-art optimization techniques, we derive the optimal solution in a semiclosed form. Numerical results demonstrate the merits of the proposed design over alternative benchmark schemes.
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