This research developed a model of linear regression for forecasting the demand for shared bikes in a bike sharing system. By analyzing a dataset sourced from Kaggle, the study focuses on identifying ...the factors that have the most impact on bike demand and building a model based on these factors. The methodology involves data cleaning, creating dummy variables for categorical variables, and conducting exploratory data analysis. The features are rescaled, and the model building process includes recursive feature elimination and analysis of VIF and p-values. The outcome indicated that linear regression model accurately predicts bike demand based on various factors. This model can assist employers in adapting their business strategies, understanding customer expectations, and effectively managing bike-sharing systems. The findings contribute to the optimization and success of sustainable urban transportation, emphasizing the potential of bike sharing as an eco-friendly transportation option.
To increase the energy density of supercapacitors to approach that of batteries, the current research is always directed towards the cathode materials, whereas the anode materials are rarely studied. ...In the present work, single-crystalline Fe2O3 nanoparticles directly grown on graphene hydrogels are investigated as high performance anode materials for supercapacitors. During the formation of the graphene/Fe2O3 composite hydrogels, flexible graphene sheets decorated with Fe2O3 particles are self-assembled to form interconnected porous microstructures with high specific surface area, which strongly facilitate charge and ion transport in the full electrode. Infrared spectra show that hydrogen bond is formed between C–OH on graphene hydrogels and Fe2O3. Benefits from the combined graphene hydrogels and Fe2O3 particles in such a unique structure are that the graphene/Fe2O3 composite electrode exhibits an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 908Fg−1 at 2Ag−1 within the potential range from −1.05 to −0.3V, and an outstanding rate capability (69% capacity retention at 50Ag−1). Furthermore, the cycling performance is clearly much better for the graphene/Fe2O3 composite hydrogels than that for pure Fe2O3 sample. These findings open a new pathway to the design and fabrication of three-dimensional graphene hydrogel composites as anode materials in the development of high-performance energy-storage systems.
Three-dimensional graphene/Fe2O3 composite hydrogels show ultrahigh specific capacitance and outstanding rate capability. Display omitted
•Flexible graphene sheets decorated with Fe2O3 particles are self-assembled to form interconnected porous microstructures.•IR spectra show intramolecular hydrogen bonding is formed in grapheme/Fe2O3 composite hydrogels.•Graphene/Fe2O3 composite electrode exhibits ultrahigh specific capacitance of 908Fg−1 at 2Ag−1 within the potential range from −1.05 to −0.3V, and outstanding rate capability (69% capacity retention at 50Ag−1).•Cycling performance is clearly much better for the graphene/Fe2O3 composite hydrogels than for pure Fe2O3 sample.
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•NiO nanoparticles are encapsulated in mesoporous carbon nanospheres (MCNs).•The reaction of silicate-ion groups with Ni2+ ions is utilized to in situ introduce NiO.•NiO/MCNs have ...regular geometry, uniform diameter and mesopore, and high surface area.•NiO/MCN electrode exhibits high specific capacitance and excellent cycle stability.
A facile encapsulation of NiO nanoparticles in mesoporous carbon nanospheres (NiO/MCNs) is demonstrated. Silicate-ion groups on nanosilica surface can react with Ni2+ ions to generate nickel silicate in situ around the SiO2 cores. Such hybrids are introduced into polymer nanospheres prepared by extended Stöber strategy, followed by calcination and template removal to fabricate NiO/MCNs. The typical NiO/MCNs have spherical morphology (∼280nm in diameter), uniform mesopores (5.9nm), high specific surface area (714m2g−1), and well-dispersed NiO nanoparticles (7.20wt.%). Package mesoporosity among the carbon spheres reduces ion diffusion distance, and the mesopores benefit fast ion transportation. Besides, the introduction of NiO nanoparticles not only provides pseudocapacitance, but also increases the graphitization degree of the carbons and improves crystalline structure. As a result, NiO/MCNs as supercapacitor electrodes show a high specific capacitance of 406Fg−1 at 1.0Ag−1 in 6M KOH electrolyte, and it still maintains 315Fg−1 at a high loading current density of 20.0Ag−1. Besides, NiO/MCN electrode retains ∼91.0% of the original capacity at 3.0Ag−1 after 10,000 cycles, exhibiting outstanding cycle stability. The easy prepared, well-structured, and high-performance NiO/MCNs provide great potential to support advanced energy storage systems.
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► We report a self-template synthesis of hierarchical porous carbon foams (HPCFs). ► Banana peel based zinc complex was employed as the self-template to prepare HPCFs. ► HPCFs is ...composed of macroporous cores with mesoporous and microporous channels. ► HPCFs possesses a high specific surface area and self-supported architecture. ► HPCFs exhibits excellent electrochemical properties as an electrode material.
Hierarchical porous carbon foams (denoted as HPCFs) is prepared through a novel self-template strategy based on banana peel. Banana peel, which contains natural porous structure formed by biopolymers in cell walls, can absorb ions and phenolic compounds. The carboxylic and hydroxyl groups on the pores’ surface will coordinate with zinc ions to form zinc complexes. These zinc complexes which are similar with metal–organic frameworks are used as self-template, and the aminophenol furfural resin polymerized in the pores of complexes is used as the additional carbon source to create hierarchical porous structure during the carbonization process. The resulted HPCFs are composed of macroporous cores with mesoporous and microporous channels. The unique self-supported hierarchical structure possesses a high specific surface area (1650m2g−1) and provides a more favorable path for electrolyte penetration and transportation, which give rise to the excellent electrochemical property of HPCFs as an electrode material for supercapacitor. The calculated specific capacitance of HPCFs electrode in 6molL−1 KOH is 206Fg−1 at a current density of 1Ag−1, while the specific capacitance still exhibits relative high (182Fg−1) at a higher current density of 10Ag−1 with the retention of 88%.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Its pathological features are dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra (SN), and ...significant reduction in dopamine (DA) content in the striatum. A large number of studies have found an increase in iron levels in PD patients and animal models, which suggested that brain iron metabolism dysfunction played a key role in the pathogenesis of PD. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a non‐heme iron‐binding glycoprotein belonging to the transferrin family, entering the cell membrane via a lactoferrin receptor‐mediated pathway. Lf exists mainly in two forms: iron‐free‐lactoferrin (apo‐Lf) and iron‐saturated‐lactoferrin (holo‐Lf). Our previous studies found thatapo‐Lf and holo‐Lf exert neuroprotective effects against 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium toxicity in ventral mesencephalon neurons in vitro. This study aimed to further investigate whether two different forms of Lf have neuroprotective effects in vivo, and to examine their mechanisms, so as to provide an experimental basis for finding new therapeutic strategies against PD. In the central nervous system, Lf antagonized 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐induced DA depletion in the striatum, iron deposition, oxidative, and apoptotic processes in the SN. Lf treatment down‐regulated iron import protein divalent metal transporter1 and up‐regulated iron export protein ferroportin1, attenuating MPTP‐induced accumulation of nigral iron level. In the peripheral system, Lf alleviated MPTP‐induced increases in serum iron and ferritin, and decreases in serum total iron‐binding capacity, loss of spleen weight, and reduction in spleen iron content. The results indicate that Lf has a neuroprotective effect on MPTP‐induced PD model mice, and its mechanism may be related to anti‐iron dysregulation, anti‐oxidative stress, and anti‐apoptosis, with apo‐Lf showing greater efficacy. Therefore, Lf might be a promising therapeutic substance for PD.
Open Science: This manuscript was awarded with the Open Materials Badge
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Lactoferrin (Lf) and lactoferrin receptor (LfR) both are found increased in dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Increased secretion of Lf associated with excessive iron accumulation in the substantia nigra (SN) of PD raised the question of whether Lf is beneficial or harmful to PD. We investigated the protective effects of iron‐free Lf (apo‐Lf) and iron‐saturated Lf (holo‐Lf) in a 1‐Methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐induced mouse model of PD. In the central nervous system, results show that Lf antagonized MPTP‐induced dopamine (DA) depletion in striatum, iron deposition, oxidative, and apoptotic processes in SN. Lf treatment down‐regulated iron import protein divalent metal transporter (DMT1) and up‐regulated iron export protein ferroportin1 (FPN1), attenuating MPTP‐induced accumulation of nigral iron. In the peripheral system, Lf alleviated MPTP‐induced increases in serum iron and ferritin, and decreases in serum total iron‐binding capacity (TIBC), loss of spleen weight, and reduction in spleen iron content. As a conclusion, Lf has neuroprotective effects on MPTP‐induced PD model mice, and its mechanism may be related to the anti‐iron dysregulation, anti‐oxidative stress, and anti‐apoptosis, with apo‐Lf showing greater efficacy. Therefore, Lf might be a promising therapeutic substance for PD.
The rapid development of the modern electronics gives rise to higher demands of flexible and wearable energy resources. Flexible transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) are one of the essential ...components for flexible/wearable thin‐film solar cells (SCs). In this regard, commercial indium tin oxide (ITO) on plastics has demonstrated superior optoelectronic performance although some drawbacks, i.e., the low abundance, film brittleness, low infrared transmittance, and poor chemical stability remain. On the other hand, several other transparent conducting oxide (TCO)‐free transparent conductive materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, metallic nanowires (NWs), and conducting polymers, have experienced a rapid development to address these issues. In this feature article, an overview over the latest development of several flexible TCO‐free thin film SCs, i.e., organic solar cells (OSCs), dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), perovskite solar cells (pero‐SCs), and fiber/wire‐shaped SCs is provided. Three groups of flexible TCO‐free thin film solar cells can be categorized according to their configurations: (i) front‐side illuminated planar configuration; (ii) back‐side illuminated planar configuration, and (iii) fiber‐shaped solar cells (FSSCs). The article is focused on flexible TCO‐free TCEs, including CNTs, graphene, metallic NW/nanotroughs, metallic grids, conducting polymers, metallic fiber, and carbon based fibers.
Three groups of flexible transparent conducting oxide (TCO)‐free thin film solar cells can be categorized according to their configurations: (i) front‐side illuminated planar configuration; (ii) back‐side illuminated planar configuration; and (iii) fiber‐shaped solar cells. This article is focused on flexible TCO‐free transparent conducting electrodes, including carbon nanotubes, graphene, metallic nanowires/nanotroughs, metallic grids, conducting polymers, metallic fiber, and carbon‐based fibers.
Renal fibrosis is a common characteristic and the final pathological mechanism of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although CKD remains incurable, inhibition of renal fibrosis is beneficial to inhibit ...the CKD process. Relaxin alleviates renal fibrosis in some experimental models, but its mechanism remains unclear. In the following, we studied the regulatory effect of relaxin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Our results demonstrate that relaxin could downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and decrease EMT, thus protecting against loss of transporters in tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and abrogate renal interstitial fibrosis following UUO. We confirmed that relaxin can downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and decrease EMT in NRK52E, thus abrogating G2 cell cycle arrest in vitro experiments. Therefore, a novel mechanism by which relaxin is antifibrotic is that relaxin regulates the EMT program of TECs via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The inhibition of EMT contributes to protecting the functional capabilities of TECs and promoting the regeneration of TECs.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To investigate the risk factors and maternal and fetal outcomes of preeclampsia after pregnancy in patients with primary chronic hypertension.
A total of 500 singleton pregnant women with a history ...of hypertension who were admitted for delivery at our Hospital from March 2015 to May 2022 were retrospectively collected by random sampling and divided into the non-occurrence group (n = 200) and the occurrence group (n = 300) according to whether they were complicated by preeclampsia. Afterward, the general data and the pregnancy-related data of patients were collected for comparison.
The univariate analysis showed significant differences between the non-occurrence group and the occurrence group in terms of the proportion of preeclampsia history (4.00% VS 24.67%, χ2 = 37.383, P < 0.001), duration of hypertension > 3 years (18.00% VS 31.67%, χ2 = 11.592, P < 0.001), systemic therapy (20.50% VS 10.00%, χ2 = 10.859, P < 0.001), gestational age at admission 37.72 (34.10, 38.71) VS 35.01 (31.91, 37.42) weeks, Z = -9.825, P < 0.001. Meanwhile, the multivariate analysis showed that a history of preeclampsia (OR = 6.796, 95% CI: 3.575 ∼ 10.134, χ2 = 8.234, P < 0.001), duration of hypertension > 3 years (OR = 3.456, 95% CI: 2.157 ∼ 5.161, χ2 = 9.348, P < 0.001), and a lack of systemic antihypertensive treatment (OR = 8.983, 95% CI: 7.735 ∼ 9.933, χ2 = 9.123, P < 0.001) were risk factors for chronic hypertension complicated by preeclampsia during pregnancy.
A history of preeclampsia, a longer duration of hypertension, and a lack of systematic antihypertensive treatment are risk factors for chronic hypertension complicated by preeclampsia during pregnancy. The occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women with chronic hypertension increases the incidence of maternal HELLP syndrome and fetal distress.
Nitrogen-functionalized microporous carbon nanoparticles (N-MCNs) are prepared by direct carbonization of a novel polymer obtained from the Schiff base reaction of terephthalaldehyde and ...m-phenylenediamine. The carbonization temperature plays a crucial role in the porosity, surface chemistry and capacitive performance for the carbons. N-MCN850 sample shows a much larger specific surface area of 1938m2g−1, a higher specific capacitance of 397Fg−1 and 145Fg−1 at the current density of 0.1 and 100Ag−1 in 6M KOH aqueous electrolyte, respectively. The results indicate its outstanding capacitive behavior and ultrahigh-rate performance. In addition, the electrode shows excellent cycling stability along with 98% of the initial specific capacitance after 5000 charge/discharge cycles.
Novel ultramicroporous carbon nanoparticles (UCNs) are synthesized on the basis of solvothermal polymerization of phloroglucinol and terephthaldehyde in dioxane at 220 °C, followed by carbonization ...at 850 °C. The resultant UCNs show regular 0.54 nm ultramicropores and particle sizes of ∼30 nm. The UCNs as electrode materials for electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) show a specific capacitance of 206 F g–1 at 1.0 A g–1 in a 6 M KOH aqueous solution. The UCN electrode is suitable for charge–discharge operation even at a very high current density of 50 A g–1 coupled with a capacitance of 135 F g–1, indicating excellent high-rate electrochemical performance. The electrochemical capacitance of the UCN electrode has a high retention of 97.6% after 5000 cycles at 1.0 A g–1 tested by a standard three-electrode system (97.3% for the two-electrode cell), which implies a good electrochemical cycling life. This study highlights promising prospects of novel UCNs as advanced electrode materials for EDLCs where a high level of current charge and discharge is required.
